Micromonospora jinlongensis sp. nov., isolated from muddy soil in China and emended description of the genus Micromonospora

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-GRX11^T, was isolated from muddy soil collected from a stream of Jinlong Mountain in Harbin, north China. The organism was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus Micromonospora. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NEAU-GRX11^T showed highest similarity to Micromonospora zamorensis CR38^T (99.2 %), Micromonospora saelicesensis Lupac 09^T (99.0 %), Micromonospora chokoriensis 2-19/6^T (98.7 %), Micromonospora coxensis 2-30-b/28^T (98.5 %), Micromonospora aurantiaca ATCC 27029^T (98.4 %) and Micromonospora lupini lupac 14N^T (98.3 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and gyrB gene demonstrated that strain NEAU-GRX11^T was a member of the genus Micromonospora and supported the closest phylogenetic relationship to M. zamorensis CR38^T, M. saelicesensis Lupac 09^T, M. chokoriensis 2-19/6^T and M. lupini lupac 14N^T. A combination of DNA–DNA hybridization and some phenotypic characteristics indicated that the novel strain could be readily distinguished from these closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that NEAU-GRX11^T represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora jinlongensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-GRX11^T (=CGMCC 4.7103^T=DSM 45876^T).     

Desulfonauticus autotrophicus sp. nov., a novel thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from oil-production water and emended description of the genus Desulfonauticus

A novel moderately thermophilic and halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain TeSt^T, was isolated from production water of an oil field in Northern Germany near Hamburg. The cells were Gram-negative, straight to slightly curved rods and motile by a single polar flagellum. Only hydrogen and formate served as electron donors, whereas a wide variety of organic substrates and CO₂ could be used as carbon sources. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfur were used as electron acceptors, but not nitrate or ferric iron. The novel isolate was negative for oxidase, catalase and desulfoviridin enzyme activity. Cytochromes were present and predominantly of the c-type. Whole-cells fatty acid patterns were dominated by the branched-chain fatty acids anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:0, iso-C_17:0 and anteiso-C_17:0. As major respiratory lipoquinones partially saturated derivates of menaquinone 6 [MK-6(H₂) and probably MK-6(H₄)] were identified. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 41.3 mol% (HPLC method). An analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain TeSt^T belongs to the family Desulfohalobiaceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria. The most closely related species with a sequence similarity of 95.0% was Desulfonauticus submarinus suggesting an affiliation of TeSt^T to the genus Desulfonauticus. The novel isolate could be clearly distinguished from Desulfonauticus submarinus by its ability to grow chemolithoautotrophically and hence should be assigned to a novel species for which the name Desulfonauticus autotrophicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TeSt^T (=DSM 4206^T = JCM 13028^T). Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Halomonas aidingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Aiding salt lake in Xinjiang, China

Two Gram-negative moderately halophilic bacterial strains, designated Ad-1(T) and C-12, were isolated from Aiding salt lake of Xinjiang in China. The novel isolates were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Cells of these strains were cocci or short rods and motile with polar flagella. Colonies produced brown-red pigment. The isolates grew in the range of 0.5-25% (w/v) NaCl, pH 5.5-10.5 and 4-45°C. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains Ad-1(T) and C-12 belonged to the genus Halomonas showing 92.7-98.4% similarity with the type species. The isoprenoid quinones of the isolates were Q-9 and Q-8. The major cellular fatty acids were C18:1ω7c, C16:1ω7c/6c, C16:0, C12:0-3OH and C10:0. The DNA G + C contents of strains Ad-1(T) and C-12 were 64.6 and 63.9 mol%, respectively. The DNA relatedness between the two isolates was 89.2%. The similarities of these newly isolated strains with closely related type strains were lower than 35% at the genetic level. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characteristics, the representative strain Ad-1(T) is considered to be a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas aidingensis sp. nov. is proposed, with Ad-1(T) (= CGMCC 1.10191(T) = NBRC 106173(T)) as the type strain.     

Virgibacillus albus sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Lop Nur salt lake in Xinjiang province, China

A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated YIM 93624^T, was isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province of China and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain YIM 93624^T grew at 15–45 °C (optimum 25–30 °C), 1–17% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 5–10 %, w/v) and pH 4.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0). The predominant menaquinone was found to be MK-7. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 and C_16:0. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, a glycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 93624^T was a member of the genus Virgibacillus and exhibited the highest similarity of 97.0 % to Virgibacillus koreensis KCTC 3823^T. However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain YIM 93624^T and V. koreensis KCTC 3823^T was 32.5 %. On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic analysis data, the isolate is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus albus sp. nov., is proposed, with type strain of YIM 93624^T (=DSM 23711^T = JCM 17364^T).     

Actinomycetospora atypica sp. nov., a novel soil actinomycete and emended description of the genus Actinomycetospora

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-st4^T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Shaanxi province, Northwest China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain NEAU-st4^T has the highest sequence similarities with Actinomycetospora rishiriensis RI109-Li102^T (99.4 %), Actinomycetospora corticicola 014-5^T (99.1 %), Actinomycetospora chiangmaiensis YIM 0006^T (98.8 %) and Actinomycetospora iriomotensis IR73-Li102^T (98.2 %). However, the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness differentiated strain NEAU-st4^T from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. The main chemotaxonomic properties of strain NEAU-st4^T, such as the diamino acid of the peptidoglycan, the whole-cell hydrolysates, the predominant menaquinones and the phospholipid profile, supported its classification within the genus Actinomycetospora. The distinctive morphology of this strain compared with that of other members in the genus Actinomycetospora is the formation of sporangia directly on the substrate hyphae. Phenotypic and genotypic differences also allowed the distinction of the strain from closely related species. Consequently, strain NEAU-st4^T represents a new species of the genus Actinomycetospora, for which the name Actinomycetospora atypica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-st4^T (=CGMCC 4.7093^T = DSM 45873^T).     

Lacinutrix jangbogonensis sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from Antarctic marine sediment and emended description of the genus Lacinutrix

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and psychrophilic bacterial strain, PAMC 27137^T, was isolated from the marine sediment of the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Strain PAMC 27137^T was observed to grow at 4–10 °C, at pH 6.5–7.5 and in the presence of 2.5–4.0 % (w/v) sea salts. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain PAMC 27137^T belongs to the genus Lacinutrix showing the high similarities with Lacinutrix mariniflava JCM 13824^T (97.6 %) and Lacinutrix algicola JCM 13825^T (97.1 %). Genomic relatedness analyses based on the average nucleotide identity and the genome-to-genome distance showed that strain PAMC 27137^T is clearly distinguished from the most closely related Lacinutrix species. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were identified as iso-C_15:1 G (19.9 %), iso-C_15:0 (19.3 %), iso-C_17:0 3-OH (11.3 %), summed feature 9 (C_16:0 10-methyl and/or iso-C_17:1 ω9c as defined by MIDI, 9.1 %), iso-C_15:0 3-OH (7.5 %), and anteiso-C_15:1 A (5.8 %). The polar lipids were found to consist of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid, and five unidentified phospholipids. The major respiratory quinone was identified as MK-6. The genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 32.1 mol%. Based on the data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain PAMC 27137^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lacinutrix, for which the name Lacinutrix jangbogonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PAMC 27137^T (=KCTC 32573^T=JCM 19883^T).     

Caenimonas terrae sp. nov., isolated from a soil sample in Korea, and emended description of the genus Caenimonas Ryu et al. 2008

A white-coloured bacterium, SGM1-15^T, was isolated from a paddy soil sample from Suwon, Republic of Korea. The cells were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative and curved rod-shaped. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SGM1-15^T was closely related to Curvibacter delicatus LMG 4328^T (97.6% similarity) and Caenimonas koreensis EMB320^T (97.5% similarity). The major respiratory quinone system was Q-8 and the predominant cellular fatty acids were C_16:0 (39.9%), summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C_15:0 2-OH; 24.3%) and C_17:0 cyclo (22.7%). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The major polyamines were 2-hydroxypurescine, purescine and spermidine. The DNA G+C content was 68.7 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiologicl and chemotaxonomic data, stain SGM1-15^T represents a novel species of the genus Caenimonas, for which the name Caenimonas terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Caenimonas terrae is SGM1-15^T (=KACC 13365^T =NBRC 106341^T).     

Parahaliea maris sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater and emended description of the genus Parahaliea

Journal of Microbiology - A Gram-stain-negative strictly aerobic, short-rod-shaped, and non-motile bacterial strain designated HSLHS9T was isolated from surface seawater collected from the South...