可可碱对胰α-淀粉酶的抑制类型及光谱性质的影响

运用紫外光谱和荧光光谱技术研究可可碱与胰α-淀粉酶的结合.反应类型为非竞争性抑制.Ki值为0.72×10-2 mol/L.根据Stern-Volmer方程,计算了可可碱对胰α-淀粉酶的表观淬灭常数,推测其荧光影响可能属于静态淬灭机制.     

茶碱对胰α-淀粉酶的抑制类型及光谱性质

考察茶碱对胰α-淀粉酶的抑制作用,并通过紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究茶碱与胰α-淀粉酶的结合方式.以1/v对抑制剂量用Dixon作图法得出Ki值为0.59×10-2 mol/L,抑制剂类型为非竞争性抑制.茶碱镶嵌于胰α-淀粉酶分子之间,形成了特定结构的缔合物,从而改变后者分子构象,使胰α-淀粉酶的紫外吸收差谱迅速增强,特征荧光峰产生静态淬灭.     

喜树碱对胰α-淀粉酶部分性质的影响

喜树碱对胰α-淀粉酶有明显的抑制作用,其抑制类型为反竞争性抑制。利用紫外差光谱,研究发现喜树碱能改变胰α-淀粉酶的空间结构;利用荧光光谱研究了喜树碱与胰α-淀粉酶的相互作用,计算了二者的结合常数KA=2.78×106(mol/L)-1和结合位点数n=1.2477。其结果对喜树碱的进一步开发具有一定的指导意义。     

硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶部分性质的影响

硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶有抑制作用,用Dixon作图求出抑制常数为Ki=4.88×10-6mol/L,抑制类型为非竞争性抑制.通过紫外吸收光谱,发现硫酸粘菌素引起碱性磷酸酶的空间结构发生改变;由荧光光谱变化,发现硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶有荧光淬灭作用,淬灭机理是因能量转移而引起的静态淬灭.     

芦丁与胰蛋白酶相互作用的光谱性质研究

利用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究了芦丁和胰蛋白酶的相互作用机制。结果表明,生理pH 7.40条件下芦丁使胰蛋白酶的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰淬灭。并利用荧光淬灭反应测得芦丁和胰蛋白酶之间结合常数KA=6.8786×104(mol/L)-1,结合位点数n=1.0173。     

家蝇幼虫抗菌肽MDL-3分子结构的荧光特性

研究了家蝇幼虫抗菌肽MDL-3的荧光光谱和淬灭剂对内源性荧光的影响.家蝇幼虫抗菌肽MDL-3在280nm波长的激发光时,荧光光谱为Tyr残基和Trp残基共同提供,KI不能淬灭抗菌肽MDL-3的Trp残基的荧光,而Acr只能淬灭71%(f=0.71)的抗菌肽MDL-3中的Trp残基的荧光,说明Trp残基不是位于抗菌肽分子的表面,而是位于分子的内部.     

芦丁对胃蛋白酶部分性质的影响

采用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究芦丁与胃蛋白酶的相互作用。实验结果表明,加入芦丁使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收差谱迅速增强,特征荧光峰产生静态淬灭,并求得芦丁与胃蛋白酶作用的形成常数。     

粪臭素对胃蛋白酶部分理化性质的影响

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了粪臭素与胃蛋白酶的结合作用。观测到粪臭素使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰淬灭。Stern-Volmer淬灭曲线显示,粪臭素对胃蛋白酶的荧光淬灭很可能是一个单一的静态淬灭过程。     

茶碱与胃蛋白酶相互作用的光谱性质研究

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了茶碱与胃蛋白酶的结合作用。观测到茶碱使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰淬灭。Stern-Volmer淬灭曲线显示,茶碱对胃蛋白酶的荧光淬灭很可能是一个单一的静态淬灭过程。     

聚乙烯醇与聚丙烯酸对中温α-淀粉酶的影响

研究了聚乙烯醇（ PVA）和聚丙烯酸（ PAA）对α-淀粉酶活性的影响,并采用荧光光谱法和圆二色谱法分析了PVA和PAA对α-淀粉酶内源性荧光和二级结构的影响。结果表明,PVA和PAA均能使α-淀粉酶的活性降低,并能改变α-淀粉酶的内源性荧光和二级结构,且PVA和PAA的浓度越高,α-淀粉酶活性降低越大,酶的内源性荧光和二级结构的变化也越大。     

CHAPS对M_(412)的动力学和共振拉曼光谱的影响

研究了表面活性剂CHAPS对紫膜中菌紫质在光循环过程中M_(412)的衰减速率及质子泵功能的影响.光循环中间体M_(412)快、慢衰减组分的衰减速率及质子衰减速率均受到CHAPS的影响,综合激光拉曼光谱对M_(412)和其它光循环中间体相对含量的测定,表明CHAPS对紫膜的影响是通过影响其膜脂完整的液晶结构,而使紫膜光循环动力学过程及质子泵功能发生变化的.     

Excitation Energy Transfer in Cyanobacteria Synechocystis Embedded in Polymer Film and Partially Bleached by Polarized Irradiation

The polarized absorption, photoacoustic, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence excitation spectra of whole cells of cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. embedded in a polymer film were measured. The bacteria cells, as it follows from anisotropy of absorption and fluorescence spectra, were even in a non-stretched polyvinyl alcohol film oriented to a certain extent. The measurements were done for such film in order to avoid the deformation of cyanobacteria shapes. Part of the samples was bleached by irradiation with strong polarized radiation with electric vector parallel to the orientation axis of cells. The anisotropy of photoacoustic spectra was higher than that of absorption spectra and it was stronger changed by the irradiation. Polarized fluorescence was excited in four wavelength regions characterised by different contribution to absorption from various bacteria pigments. The shapes of emission spectra were different depending on wavelength of excitation, polarization of radiation, and previous irradiation of the sample. The fluorescence spectra were analysed on Gaussian components belonging to various forms of pigments from photosystems (PS) 1 and 2. The results inform about excitation energy transfer between pools of pigments, differently oriented in the cells. Energy of photons absorbed by phycobilisomes was transferred predominantly to the chlorophyll of PS2, whereas photons absorbed by carotenoids to chlorophylls of PS1.     

用光谱技术鉴定植物色素突变体

1983年我国报道了从γ-射线处理的“矮杆齐”大麦中得到了一株黄绿色的突变体1832C[1]。本文用光谱技术对该突变体的光合色素成分进行了鉴定。1　材料和方法　　材料为六棱裸大麦“矮杆齐”和由该品种大麦诱变形成的黄绿色突变体1832C(Mb1832C),以及作为对照的缺失Chlb的突变体大麦Chlorina-f2[2]都于3月初播种于实验田中。　　每个样品取30g新鲜的叶片,先用自来水后用蒸馏水冲洗干净。把洗净的叶片摊放在干净的纱布上吸干表面水分,剪碎,加入100mL预冷的含有0.4mol/L山梨醇、0.1mol/LTris-HCl(pH7.6)的缓冲液,用组织捣碎机先慢速捣碎1…     

Identification Mutants of Plant Pigment with Spectral Technology

Differences in the pigment and thylakoid membranes levels among the mutant barley 1832C, Chlorina-f2 was compared with a normal one by means of their absorption spectra and the 4th derivative spectra. Results showed that there was no absorption peaks for Chl b at 651 nm in red and 470 nm in blue regions in the absorption and the 4th derivative spectra in the mutant thylakoid membranes. At the same time there was no absorption peaks of Chl b at 645 nm and 455 nm in the absorption and the 4th derivative spectra in its acetone (80%) extract. Therefore, mutant barley 1832C was proved to be a new type of chlorophyll b-less mutant that could survive independently in nature.     

Spectroscopic characterisation of copper acetohydroxamate and copper n-octanohydroxamate

The nature of the bonding in acetohydroxamic acid, copper acetohydroxamate and copper n-octanohydroxamate has been investigated by chemical analysis, XPS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Vibrational spectra show the acid to be in the keto Z conformation as was previously established for the n-octano homologue. Chemical analysis established that the copper compounds have a copper:hydroxamate stoichiometry of 1:1. XPS confirms that they are Cu^II compounds. The absence of vibrational spectral bands that were previously identified with N-H vibrations for n-octanohydroxamic acid and its potassium compound, together with the presence of a CN stretch band that shifts when the nitrogen is labelled with ¹⁵N, confirms that the hydroxamate moieties in the Cu^II compounds are in the enol configuration. Some interaction between Cu and N is indicated by the spectra and could explain the 1:1 stoichiometry of the Cu^II hydroxamates investigated.     

粪臭素对胰蛋白酶部分性质的影响

研究发现粪臭素对胰蛋白酶活性具有抑制作用。采用紫吸收法察到粪臭素使胰蛋白酶紫外吸收峰增强,采用荧光光谱法发现粪臭素对胰蛋白酶有很强的荧光淬灭作用。根据Stern-Volmer方程测得胰蛋白酶的表观猝灭常数Kq为2.72×1012L/mol.s。表明粪臭素对胰蛋白酶的荧光猝灭很可能是静态猝灭。