肝细胞癌患者血清外泌体microRNA表达鉴定

目的:探讨肝癌细胞外泌体中差异表达的microRNAs(miRNAs)在肝细胞癌(HCC)诊断中的应用价值。方法:通过高通量测序筛选肝癌细胞外泌体中差异表达的miRNAs。实时定量PCR验证差异表达分子;检测差异表达的miRNAs在健康人(Health)、慢性乙型肝炎患者(CHB)、肝硬化患者(LC)及乙型肝炎病毒阳性的肝细胞癌患者(HCC)血清外泌体中的表达。结果:高通量测序筛选到肝癌细胞外泌体中差异表达的miRNA共88种,其中58种表达上调,30种表达下调。选择其中8种差异表达的miRNAs进行q RT-PCR验证,结果显示,此8种miRNAs在细胞上清外泌体、细胞内、癌与癌旁组织中的表达趋势与测序结果一致。miR-221-3p和miR-224-5p在HCC组外泌体中的表达水平显著高于Health组、CHB组和LC组(P0.01),miR-124-3p和let-7a-5p在HCC组外泌体中的表达水平显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。四个组中,miR-21-5p、miR-191-5p、miR-34a-5p和miR-122-5p的表达水平不存在显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:血清外泌体中的miR-221-3p、miR-224-5p、miR-124-3p和let-7a-5p可能成为肝细胞癌的候选标志物。     

miR-451a促进胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨的敏感性

目的:探究miR-451a在胰腺癌吉西他滨耐药中的功能。方法:通过低浓度梯度递增法建立胰腺癌吉西他滨耐药细胞株,microRNA(miRNA)测序筛选耐药相关miRNA;细胞存活曲线、克隆形成实验及流式凋亡实验分析miR-451a对胰腺癌细胞耐药的影响;裸鼠成瘤实验检测在动物体内模型中miR-451a对胰腺癌吉西他滨耐药的调控作用;调取TCGA数据分析miR-451a表达水平与胰腺癌病人预后的相关性。结果:胰腺癌吉西他滨耐药细胞株中miR-451a表达水平明显下调;miR-451a过表达增加胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨的敏感性,增强了吉西他滨抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡的作用;miR-451a诱导了裸鼠皮下肿瘤对吉西他滨敏感;miR-451a低表达与胰腺癌患者不良预后相关。结论:miR-451a增强了胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨的敏感性。     

人胰腺癌组织中miR-223与Hedgehog通路中SUFU、GLI1表达相关性分析

目的:探明SUFU、GLI1基因在正常胰腺组织以及胰腺癌和癌旁组织中的mRNA表达,分析miR-223的表达与GLI1、SUFU基因转录之间的关系,以及SUFU、GLI1基因在胰腺癌发病过程中的作用.方法:对正常胰腺组织以及胰腺癌和癌旁组织进行总RNA的提取,采用Real-time PCR方法,检测SUFU、GLI1基因的转录情况,对SUFU、GLI1的mRNA的表达量与miRNA-223的表达量进行相关性分析.结果:胰腺癌组织中GLI1 mRNA的表达量为4..79 (1.19,9.89),胰腺癌癌旁组织中的表达量为2.01(0.70,5.76)(P＜0.05).胰腺癌组织中SUFU mRNA表达量为1.34 (0.91,2.31),胰腺癌癌旁组织的表达量为1.51(1.23,2.56)(P＞0.05),胰腺癌癌旁组织中GLI1 mRNA的表达量与miR-223在胰腺癌癌旁组织中的表达量之间存在一定程度的相关性(P＜0.05).结论:GLI1mRNA参与了胰腺癌的发生,而SUFU mRNA与胰腺癌发生关系不大.GLI1基因及miR-223在胰腺癌的发生中可能起到一定的协同作用.     

miR-181-5p下调人非小细胞肺癌细胞KLF6表达并抑制其增殖、迁移和侵袭

[目的]探讨miR-181-5p下调人非小细胞肺癌细胞KLF6表达并抑制其增殖、迁移和侵袭的作用。[方法]检测30例肺癌和癌旁组织中miR-181-5p和KLF6 mRNA水平,并分析miR-181-5p与NSCLC患者临床病理特征的相关性。用萤光素酶检测miR-181-5p对KLF6的调控作用,将miR-NC、miR-181-5p inhibitor和miR-181-5p mimic转染到A549细胞,采用RT-PCR法检测各组A549细胞中miR-181-5p和KLF6 mRNA表达,同时分别采用MTT法和Transwell法检测各组A549细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭情况。[结果]肺癌组织的miR-181-5p和KLF6 mRNA表达水平均低于癌旁组织(P<0.05);miR-181-5p的表达水平与年龄、性别和是否吸烟不相关(P>0.05);miR-181-5p的表达水平与肿瘤直径、是否转移、TNM分期相关(P<0.05);miR-181-5p与KLF6有潜在的结合位点;转染miR-181-5p mimic可明显增加KLF6-wt的荧光素酶活性,对KLF6-mut没有...     

miRNA-181在肝癌中表达变化的研究

目的:观察微小RNA(miRNA)-181在正常人肝细胞L02、肝癌细胞株SMMC7221和Hep3B中的表达,以及在正常肝脏组织和肝癌组织中的表达,探讨其与肝癌发生发展的关系.方法:应用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-181,包括miRNA-181a、miRNA-181b、miRNA-181c、miRNA-181d,在正常肝细胞和肝癌细胞的含量.同时收集并检测肝细胞癌患者术中取得的正常肝脏组织和癌症组织的含量.结果:MiRNA-181在肝癌细胞株中的表达明显高于正常人肝细胞(P＜0.05或P＜0.001).MiRNA-181在肝癌组织中表达明显高于正常肝脏组织(P＜0.05).结论:MiRNA-181在不同肝癌细胞株中表达不同,但都高于正常肝细胞,并且miRNA-181在肝癌组织中的表达高于正常肝脏组织.这说明miRNA-181与肝癌的发生发展有相关性,可能成为肝癌诊断和预后的一个指标.     

猪伪狂犬病毒Fa株侵染对PK-15细胞microRNAs表达谱的影响

【目的】分析猪伪狂犬病毒Fa株(PRV-Fa)侵染对猪肾传代细胞PK-15 microRNAs(miRNAs)表达谱的影响。【方法】利用Illumina高通量测序技术,鉴定感染和非感染PRV-Fa的PK-15细胞的miRNAs;筛选并利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR(RT-q PCR)验证差异表达miRNAs;对差异miRNAs进行靶基因预测和Gene ontology(GO)分析。【结果】在感染和未感染PK-15细胞中分别检测到384个和405个miRNAs,其中感染PRV-Fa后差异表达的miRNAs共127个(60个上调,67个下调)。荧光定量结果显示差异miRNAs的表达趋势与高通量测序结果一致。GO分析显示,miRNAs广泛参与信号传导、细胞代谢、免疫反应、基因表达等生物学进程,其中miR-10b、miR-16、miR-18a、miR-19b、miR-20a、miR-145-5p、miR-146a、miR-181a、miR-499-5p等miRNAs与免疫相关。在靶基因调控网络图中,ssc-miR-30a-5p与ssc-miR-30d处于关键位置。研究鉴定出5个新的病毒编码miRNAs,其中PRV-miR-LLT2与PRV-miR-LLT4靶向PRV早期蛋白基因EPO。【结论】伪狂犬病毒Fa株感染对PK-15细胞编码miRNAs有显著影响。     

Cx43 与Smo 基因在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究细胞间隙连接蛋白43(Cx43)与信号通路基因Smoothened(Smo)在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法:选择从2013年1月~2015年12月在医院接受手术治疗的胰腺癌患者53例切除组织及与癌组织相配对的3cm外癌旁组织,对比不同胰腺组织中Cx43与Smo阳性表达率,及Cx43 m RNA与Smo m RNA表达水平,分析胰腺癌组织中Cx43和Smo表达与胰腺癌的病理特征之间的关系及两者的相关性。结果:胰腺癌组织中Cx43的阳性表达率及Cx43 m RNA表达水平明显低于在癌旁组织,而Smo的阳性表达率及Smo m RNA表达水平明显高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。胰腺癌患者组织学分级为Ⅲ级、有淋巴结转移者的Cx43 m RNA表达水平分别明显低于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级、无淋巴结转移者,Smo m RNA表达水平则明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级、无淋巴结转移者,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果发现,胰腺癌组织中Cx43 m RNA和Smo m RNA表达呈负相关关系(r=-0.846,P=0.000)。结论:Cx43 m RNA在胰腺癌中的表达下降,而Smo m RNA则表达上调,临床监测Cx43及Smo基因的表达情况,有助于评价患者的病情与预后。     

血清miR-92a在胰腺癌诊断及预后评估中的临床意义研究

目的:探讨血清miR-92a在胰腺癌诊断和预后分析中的价值,为胰腺癌早诊断以及预后评估提供潜在的分子标志物。方法:回顾性分析我院及重庆医科大学附属第一、第二医院2014年8月~2016年12月收治的30例胰腺癌未转移患者、30例胰腺癌转移患者和30例慢性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,另选择同期在我院进行健康体检的30例健康人作为健康组。收集血清,应用定量PCR法检测各组血清miR-92a的表达水平,利用化学发光法检测各组血清中的糖蛋白抗原19-9(CA-19-9)含量。以ROC分析比较血清miR-92a与CA 19-9在胰腺癌诊断中的特异度、敏感性。结果:胰腺癌未转移组患者和胰腺癌转移组患者血清中miR-92a水平显著高于健康组和慢性胰腺炎组(P0.05),胰腺癌转移组患者血清中miR-92a水平显著高于胰腺癌未转移组患者(P0.05)。胰腺癌未转移组患者和胰腺癌转移组患者血清中CA19-9水平显著高于健康组和慢性胰腺炎组(P0.05)。miR-92a诊断胰腺癌的敏感度高于CA19-9和miR-92a+CA 19-9,而miR-92a+CA 19-9诊断胰腺癌的特异度显著高于miR-92a和CA19-9(P0.05),且有较高的胰腺癌转移预测应用价值。结论:血清miR-92a联合CA 19-9检测能够诊断胰腺癌,具有良好的敏感度和特异度,miR-92a还具有较好的胰腺癌转移预测价值,可作为胰腺癌早期无创筛查方法加以应用。     

ULBP2在胰腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨ULBP2在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其与胰腺癌发生发展的相关性.方法:应用免疫组化检测ULBP2在胰腺癌中的表达,分析ULBP2与胰腺癌临床病理学特征的相关性.结果:ULBP2在胰腺癌组织中的阳性表达率为87.5％ (35/40),正常胰腺组织阳性表达率为18.1％ (2/11),癌组织与正常胰腺组差异显著(x2=21.865,P＜0.01).ULBP2在胰腺癌组织中的表达水平与肿瘤远处转移和分化程度密切相关(x2=4.322,6.400 P=0.038,0.041).结论:ULBP2可能在胰腺癌发生发展中起重要作用,ULBP2有望成为胰腺癌免疫治疗的靶点.     

肝细胞癌组织miR-124-3p、miR-212-5p表达与PI3K/Akt信号通路和预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨肝细胞癌组织中微小核糖核酸（miR）-124-3p、miR-212-5p表达与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（Akt）信号通路和预后的关系。方法：选择2017年9月至2019年9月徐州医科大学附属医院肝胆外科收治的93例肝细胞癌患者,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测肝细胞癌组织中miR-124-3p、miR-212-5p、PI3K 信使RNA（mRNA）、Akt mRNA的表达。Pearson相关性分析miR-124-3p、miR-212-5p表达与PI3K/Akt信号通路相关mRNA表达的相关性。绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,Log-Rank检验不同miR-124-3p、miR-212-5p表达肝细胞癌患者3年总生存率（OS）的差异。结果：肝细胞癌组织中miR-124-3p表达低于癌旁组织（P＜0.05）,miR-212-5p、PI3K mRNA、Akt mRNA表达高于癌旁组织（P＜0.05）。肝细胞癌组织中miR-124-3p表达与PI3K mRNA、Akt mRNA表达呈负相关（P＜0.05）,miR-212-5p表达与PI3K mRNA、Akt mRNA表达呈正相关（P＜0.05）。Ⅱa期、低分化患者肝细胞癌组织中miR-124-3p表达低于Ⅰa-Ⅰb期、中高分化患者（P＜0.05）,miR-212-5p表达高于Ⅰa-Ⅰb期、中高分化患者（P＜0.05）。随访期间死亡37例, miR-124-3p低表达组3年OS为42.55%,低于miR-124-3p高表达组的78.26%（P＜0.05）,miR-212-5p高表达组3年OS为50.00%,低于miR-212-5p低表达组的71.11%（P＜0.05）。结论：肝细胞癌组织中miR-124-3p表达下调,miR-212-5p表达上调,且与肝细胞癌PI3K/Akt信号通路激活,PI3K mRNA和Akt mRNA高表达,低分化,CNLC分期Ⅱa期以及低OS有关。     

Pancreatic Cancer Genetics

Although relatively rare, pancreatic tumors are highly lethal [1]. In the United States, an estimated 48,960 individuals will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and 40,560 will die from this disease in 2015 [1]. Globally, 337,872 new pancreatic cancer cases and 330,391 deaths were estimated in 2012 [2]. In contrast to most other cancers, mortality rates for pancreatic cancer are not improving; in the US, it is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer related deaths by 2030 [3, 4]. The vast majority of tumors arise in the exocrine pancreas, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounting for approximately 95% of tumors. Tumors arising in the endocrine pancreas (pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors) represent less than 5% of all pancreatic tumors [5]. Smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), obesity and pancreatitis are the most consistent epidemiological risk factors for pancreatic cancer [5]. Family history is also a risk factor for developing pancreatic cancer with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 1.7-2.3 for first-degree relatives in most studies, indicating that shared genetic factors may play a role in the etiology of this disease [6-9]. This review summarizes the current knowledge of germline pancreatic cancer risk variants with a special emphasis on common susceptibility alleles identified through Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS).     

Metabolic Phenotypes in Pancreatic Cancer

IntroductionThe aim of present study was to profile the glucose-dependent and glutamine- dependent metabolism in pancreatic cancer.MethodsWe performed Immunohistochemical staining of GLUT1, CAIX, BNIP3, p62, LC3, GLUD1, and GOT1. Based on the expression of metabolism-related proteins, the metabolic phenotypes of tumors were classified into two categories, including glucose- and glutamine-dependent metabolism. There were Warburg type, reverse Warburg type, mixed type, and null type in glucose-dependent metabolism, and canonical type, non-canonical type, mixed type, null type in glutamine-dependent metabolism.ResultsLonger overall survival was associated with high expression of BNIP3 in tumor (p = 0.010). Shorter overall survival was associated with high expression of GLUT1 in tumor (P = 0.002) and GOT1 in tumor (p = 0.030). Warburg type of glucose-dependent metabolism had a highest percentage of tumors with nerve infiltration (P = 0.0003), UICC stage (P = 0.0004), and activated autophagic status in tumor (P = 0.0167). Mixed type of glucose-dependent metabolism comprised the highest percentage of tumors with positive marginal status (P<0.0001), lymphatic invasion (P<0.0001), and activated autophagic status in stroma (P = 0.0002). Mixed type and Warburg type had a significant association with shorter overall survival (P = 0.018). Non-canonical type and mixed type of glutamine-dependent metabolism comprised the highest percentage of tumors with vascular invasion (p = 0.0073), highest percentage of activated autophagy in tumors (P = 0.0034). Moreover, these two types of glutamine-dependent metabolism were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (P<0.001). Further analysis suggested that most of tumors were dependent on both glucose- and glutamine-dependent metabolism. After dividing the tumors according to the number of metabolism, we found that the increasing numbers of metabolism subtypes inversely associated with survival outcome.ConclusionWarburg type, non-canonical type and mixed types of glucose- and glutamine-dependent metabolism comprised of more metabolically active, biologically aggressive and poor prognostic tumors. Moreover, the increasing subtypes and categories of the metabolism in each tumor significantly associated with poor prognosis.     

Salivary MicroRNA in Pancreatic Cancer Patients

Background

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in Western countries, with the lowest 1-year survival rate among commonly diagnosed cancers. Reliable biomarkers for pancreatic cancer diagnosis are lacking and are urgently needed to allow for curative surgery. As microRNA (miRNA) recently emerged as candidate biomarkers for this disease, we explored in the present pilot study the differences in salivary microRNA profiles between patients with pancreatic tumors that are not eligible for surgery, precancerous lesions, inflammatory disease or cancer-free patients as a potential early diagnostic tool.

Methods

Whole saliva samples from patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 7), pancreatitis (n = 4), IPMN (n = 2), or healthy controls (n = 4) were obtained during endoscopic examination. After total RNA isolation, expression of 94 candidate miRNAs was screened by q(RT)PCR using Biomark Fluidgm. Human-derived pancreatic cancer cells were xenografted in athymic mice as an experimental model of pancreatic cancer.

Results

We identified hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-23a, hsa-miR-23b and miR-29c as being significantly upregulated in saliva of pancreatic cancer patients compared to control, showing sensitivities of 71.4%, 85.7%, 85,7% and 57%, respectively and excellent specificity (100%). Interestingly, hsa-miR-23a and hsa-miR23b are overexpressed in the saliva of patients with pancreatic cancer precursor lesions. We found that hsa-miR-210 and let-7c are overexpressed in the saliva of patients with pancreatitis as compared to the control group, with sensitivity of 100% and 75%, and specificity of 100% and 80%, respectively. Last hsa-miR-216 was upregulated in cancer patients as compared to patients diagnosed with pancreatitis, with sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 100%. In experimental models of PDAC, salivary microRNA detection precedes systemic detection of cancer cells markers.

Conclusions

Our novel findings indicate that salivary miRNA are discriminatory in pancreatic cancer patients that are not eligible for surgery. In addition, we demonstrate in experimental models that salivary miRNA detection precedes systemic detection of cancer cells markers. This study stems for the use of salivary miRNA as biomarker for the early diagnosis of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.     

细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子（CD147）在胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中的表达

目的：探讨细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子（CD147）在胰腺癌细胞（Panc-1）及胰腺星状细胞（PSCs）的表达。方法：应用QRT—PCR,免疫细胞化学和免疫印迹分析方法检测Panc-1和PSCs细胞中EMMRPIN的表达,应用脱糖基化试剂N—glycosidase F及Endoglycosidase H鉴定CD147糖基化形式。结果：CD147在Panc-1和PSCs细胞质膜及细胞质中高表达,通过脱糖基化法首次鉴定出胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中CD147不同的糖基化修饰。结论：CD147的糖基化修饰具有细胞特异性,可能与细胞恶性程度相关。     

细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子(CD147)在胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中的表达(英文)

目的:探讨细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子(CD147)在胰腺癌细胞(Panc-1)及胰腺星状细胞(PSCs)的表达。方法:应用QRT-PCR,免疫细胞化学和免疫印迹分析方法检测Panc-1和PSCs细胞中EMMRPIN的表达,应用脱糖基化试剂N-glycosidase F及Endoglycosidase H鉴定CD147糖基化形式。结果:CD147在Panc-1和PSCs细胞质膜及细胞质中高表达,通过脱糖基化法首次鉴定出胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中CD147不同的糖基化修饰。结论:CD147的糖基化修饰具有细胞特异性,可能与细胞恶性程度相关。     

胰腺癌早期检测的生物标志物（英文）

胰腺癌症是最难诊断和治疗的恶性肿瘤之一,其特点是发病隐匿、进展迅速、预后差。目前,手术治疗仍然是首选治疗方法。然而由于缺乏早期症状,大约70%的患者在确诊时已经出现局部扩散或远端转移,从而无法进行手术治疗。由此看来,早期检测是提高患者治疗效果和预后的有效途径。临床上使用的成像方法 （CT、MRI、EUS等）通常无法检测早期病变,并且很容易受到操作员的影响。常规临床标志物如CA19-9、CA125、CA242和CEA受到限制,其敏感性或特异性不令人满意。因此,寻找新的具有高敏感性和特异性的标志物是实现胰腺癌早期检测的关键。近年来,对生物标志物的广泛研究主要集中在遗传学、转录组学和蛋白质组学上。特别是由microRNA(miRNA)、long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)和circRNA(circRNA)组成的非蛋白质编码RNA(non-protein coding RNA,ncRNA)为胰腺癌的早期检测提出了许多新思路。然而,其中绝大多数仍处于实验室研究阶段。而一项成熟的生物标志物研究应该整合基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学或代谢组学的数据,并结合患者的个体特征（如体重指数...     

MicroRNA Targeted Therapeutic Approach for Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Therefore, it is important to better understand the molecular pathogenesis, phenotypes and features of pancreatic cancer in order to design novel molecularly targeted therapies for achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer. Recently, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer became a hot topic in the scientific community of pancreatic cancer research. By conducting miRNA expression profiling, the aberrant expression of miRNAs was revealed in the serum and in cancer tissues from patients with pancreatic cancer. These aberrantly expressed miRNAs are critically correlated with the disease stage, drug resistance, and survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Hence, targeting these tiny molecules, the specific miRNAs, could provide an efficient and optimal approach in the therapy of pancreatic cancer. Indeed, the pre-clinical and in vivo experiments showed that nanoparticle delivery of synthetic oligonucleotides or treatment with natural agents could be useful to modulate the expression of miRNAs and thereby inhibit pancreatic cancer growth and progression, suggesting that targeting miRNAs combined with conventional anti-cancer therapeutics could be a novel therapeutic strategy for increasing drug sensitivity and achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.