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1.
簇毛麦的利用价值和染色体操作 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
簇毛麦是小麦的一个野生近缘种,蛋白质和赖氨酸含量高,抗逆性和抗病性强,特别是对小麦白粉病的绝大多数生理小种表现免疫或高抗,是小麦品种改良中的一种潜在的抗性基因源。本文详细介绍了簇毛麦研究的历史和现状、簇毛麦染色体形态学、生化标记、分子细胞遗传学、分子标记等识别技术,以及簇毛麦与小麦组其它染色体组的关系 相似文献
2.
簇毛麦染色体组特异性RAPD标记的筛选、定位和应用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以普通小麦中国春、中国春-簇毛麦二体附加系以及不同来源的簇毛麦为材料,用100个10碱基随机引物进行RAPD扩增。引物OPF02能在不同来源的簇毛麦及所有中国春-簇毛麦二体附加系中扩增出一条长约750bp的片段OPF02 750。普通小麦和硬粒小麦不能扩增出该片段。因此,OPF02 750为分布于簇毛麦所有染色体上的一个簇毛麦染色体组特异片段。用引物OPF02对普通小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体、硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体以及几个普通小麦的簇毛麦二体代换系、二体附加系进行检测,发现NAU302已经丢失了其所附加的簇毛麦3V染色体。 相似文献
3.
利用组织培养和辐射诱变创造高频率小麦与簇毛麦染色体易位 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
利用荧光原位杂交证明普通小麦与硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体杂种培养细胞和再生植株中能够发生属间染色体易位,易位染色体不仅有臂间易位,还有小片段易位,表明通过杂种组织培养是创造属间易位的一个可行的方法,辐射处理能够大幅度促进杂种愈伤组织细胞中的染色体数目和结构变异,特别是易位频率达到7.4%。观察还表明,培养时间对杂种愈伤组织细胞中染色体数目和结构变异都有较大影响,培养细胞的染色体 异在培养的初期阶段就 相似文献
4.
利用小麦微卫星引物建立簇毛麦染色体组特异性标记 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
选位于普通小麦1A-7A、1B-7B、1D-7D染色体上的102对微卫星引物对多年生簇毛麦、二倍体簇毛麦、小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体与后代和普通小麦中国春、R25、R111、MY11进行了PCR扩增, 发现引物对Xgwm301可以在含簇毛麦染色体的材料中扩出一条长415 bp的特异片段(命名为Xgwm301/415), 而所有供试小麦均未扩出此片段。进而用一套中国春-二倍体簇毛麦附加系来进行扩增, 发现1V-7V染色体均可以扩出该片段, 说明该片段为簇毛麦1V-7V染色体所共有。因此, Xgwm301/415是簇毛麦染色体组上的一个特异片段, 可以用来快速跟踪检测导入到普通小麦背景中的簇毛麦染色体。 相似文献
5.
小麦近缘种簇毛麦携带许多尚未克隆的抗病(R)基因。NBS-LRR类型的R基因占已克隆植物R基因的绝大多数,因此,本研究根据NBS-LRR类型R基因的保守序列设计引物,从簇毛麦基因组DNA和cDNA中扩增获得23条相关序列。基于其中5条抗病基因同源序列(RGAs)H-56/d6、H-66/b2和CDS40设计引物,对小麦、簇毛麦、硬-簇双二倍体及其杂种以及已知携带个别簇毛麦染色体或染色体臂的小麦材料进一步进行PCR扩增,结果表明:3对引物均可对簇毛麦、硬-簇双二倍体进行特异扩增;同时,源于序列H-66/b2的引物可对1VL和6VL染色体臂进行特异扩增;源于序列CDS40的引物可在同时携带1VL和2VS或同时携带2VS和4V的小麦材料以及具有6VL的小麦材料中特异扩增,而H-56/d6的引物在携带1VL、2VS、4V和6V染色体臂或染色体的小麦背景中都不能获得目的片段的扩增。这些结果不仅为外源染色体臂在小麦背景中的追踪与鉴定提供了新的分子标记,而且这些标记还与外源染色体或染色体臂上的抗病基因或抗病基因同源物紧密连锁或共分离。 相似文献
6.
簇毛麦染色体的改良C—分带 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
运用改良的C-分带技术,使簇毛麦(Haynaldia villosa Schur)V染色体组的7对染色体全部显示出特异性的丰富带纹,包括与N-带相似的近着丝粒带以及N-带所不具有的末端带和亚端带。这些带纹使V组7对染色体之间以及簇毛麦染色体与小麦染色体之间能明确地相区分。 相似文献
7.
筛选利用小麦微卫星标记追踪簇毛麦各条染色体 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
选用定位于普通小麦7个部分同源群上的276对微卫星引物对普通小麦中同春和簇毛麦的基因组DNA进行扩增分析,有148对引物可在两个物种间检测到多态性。利用上述显示多态性的引物进一步对7个中国春-簇毛麦二体附加系进行扩增分析,筛选出分别可用来追踪簇毛麦1V至7V染色体的引物wmc49(1BS)、wmc25(2BS)、gdm36(3DS)、gdml45(4AL)、wmc233(5DS)、wmc256(6AL)和gwm344(7BL)。此外还发现6DS上的微卫星引物gwm469可以用来追踪簇毛麦的2V染色体;2DS上的微卫星引物gdm107可用来追踪簇毛麦的6V染色体。进一步用涉及不同簇毛麦和小麦背景的小麦一簇毛麦染色体附加系、代换系和易位系进行扩增分析,这些微卫星标记也可用来鉴定簇毛麦的各条染色体。因此,这然簇毛麦染色体特异的微卫星标记可用来追踪普通小麦背景中的簇毛麦染色体。 相似文献
8.
通过克隆簇毛麦的专化序列,开发基于其序列的可用于鉴定簇毛麦染色质的PCR分子标记.用根据抗病基因保守域设计的XLS和A3简并引物进行PCR,检测到1条簇毛麦的特异PCR产物,酶切分析与测序结果表明:这条特异带由4类不同的片段组成,且都与反转录转座子具有同源性.以其中1个片段pHv29为探针进行Southern杂交,发现只有含有簇毛麦染色质的材料产生强的杂交信号,表明pHv29是一个对簇毛麦专化的反转录转座子序列.根据pHv29序列重新设计1对特异引物pHv29-F和pHv29-R,用一系列含有簇毛麦染色质的易位系或添加系的基因组DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,电泳结果表明pHv29433可以作为鉴定簇毛麦的染色质的分子标记. 相似文献
9.
小麦背景中簇毛麦6V染色体的遗传稳定性及其在配子中的传递 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
小麦-簇毛麦6V二体附加系,6A(6V)二体代换系,6A^L.6V^s二体易位系在细胞学上是基本稳定的6V,6A^L.6V^s染色体能够通过配子稳定地传递给后代,在杂合状态下,带有6V的配子传递率普遍显著下降,在单体附加系(21”W+6V)中,6V通过雌配子的传递率(11.3%)高于通过雄配子的传递率(5.9%),在单体代换系(20”W+6A-6V)中,6V通过雌配子的传递率(10.4%)低于通过 相似文献
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It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Lina Rustanti Hongping Jin Dongsheng Li Mary Lor Haran Sivakumaran David Harrich 《中国病毒学》2018,33(2):142-152
14.
RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
15.
JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
16.
正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献
17.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
18.
肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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