重组人尿激酶原的分离纯化及性质研究

本文报道从人尿激酶原（ｐｒｏ－ｕｒｏｋｉｎａｓｅ,ｐｒｏ－ＵＫ）基因重组工程菌Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＪＡ２２１表达产物的复性液中纯化尿激酶原的方法。复性产物经Ｚｎ＾２＋选择性沉淀,尿激酶抗体亲和柱层析,ｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｉｎｅ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＣＬ ４Ｂ亲和吸附,即得比活达１１００００ＩＵ／ｍｇ的纯化产品。样品经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ鉴定,在还原及非还原条件下,均表现为分子量为４３ｋｄ的单一条带。动力学研究测得     

重组人尿激酶原的体外变复性研究

重组人尿激酶原在大肠杆菌中过量表达时形成不溶物包涵体,需经体外变复性后才能获得生物活性。本文旨在提高包涵体中变性尿激酶原的复性效率,通过对pH,温度,变性剂种类及浓度,蛋白浓度,以及巯基氧化还原对的比率等的定性定量分析,研究重组人尿激酶原体外变复性的基本条件,并比较了添加某些非特异有效成分,脉冲稀释,梯度透析等方法对提高重组人尿激酶原体外变复性效率的作用。确定了重组人尿激酶原体外变复性的适宜方法,复性效率可达20%～30%。     

重组人生长激素的主要药效学研究

参照文献方法,观察了ｒｈＧＨ对正常大鼠（３月龄,平台期）生长发育作用的影响,ｉｍ,ｒｈＧＨ（０．０５、０．１５、０．４５ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１．ｄ＾－１）,连续１５天,结果表明：ｒｈＧＨ（０．１５、０．４５ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１．ｄ＾－１）同阳性对照生长激素ＮＩＢＳＣ标准品）一样,均可明显促进正常平台期大鼠的体重及尾长增加,大剂量组还可明显促进肝、肾及骨骼的生长发育,使肝、肾重量增加,胫骨骨骺端距离增大,同     

重组人尿激酶原冻干产品的稳定性

目的：探讨重组人尿激酶原（rhPro-UK）冻干产品的稳定性。方法：采用S-2444发色底物法测定贮存在4℃和-20℃的rhPro-UK冻干产品的活性、单链比例随时间的变化规律;用SDS-PAGE及RP-HPLC肽图分析贮存在-20℃的rhPro-UK冻干产品的结构与组成的变化。结果：4℃保存3年后的rhPro-UK冻干产品的总活性和单链比例基本没有变化,但随着贮存时间的延长,有部分产品降解,如贮存78个月的样品,总活性可降低13％～15％;-20℃保存78个月后,rhPro-UK冻干产品的总活性和单链比例未见明显变化。SDS-PAGE及RP-HPLC肽图图谱显示,-20℃贮存78个月后的rhPro-UK冻干产品的组成和结构没有变化。结论：rhPro-UK冻干产品在4℃的贮存寿命可达3年;长期贮存于-20℃的rhPro-UK冻干产品,其总活性、单链比例及结构组成非常稳定。     

重组人尿激酶原在CHO细胞中的高效表达及其纯化

用鸡β- globin的MAR序列和人看家基因延伸因子1α(hEF-1α)的调控序列以及旱獭RNA稳定与输出序列,构建了重组人尿激酶原(recombinant human pro-urokinase,rhPro - UK)的高效表达载体,在CHO细胞中获得了rhPro - UK的高效稳定表达,rhPro - UK的表达水平达到1299 IU(以百万细胞1d的表达量计).采用阳离子交换层析、疏水层析和凝胶排阻层析的三步工艺纯化表达rhPro - UK的CHO细胞培养上清液,rhPro - UK的纯度达到98％、回收率为60％ ～70％.     

重组腺病毒介导的人尿激酶原突变体在山羊乳汁中的表达

构建携带人尿激酶原突变体cDNA的重组腺病毒,通过该腺病毒介导实现外源基因在山羊乳腺中表达。通过大肠杆菌内同源重组将人尿激酶原突变体cDNA插入到腺病毒载体中,经过293细胞包装获得重组腺病毒,直接注射到泌乳山羊乳腺,收集感染后1~4天的乳汁,利用纤维蛋白溶圈试验、Western blot、ELISA检测乳清中尿激酶原突变体的表达。结果显示病毒注射后1~4天乳清中均可检测到尿激酶原的表达,其表达量可达0.41mg/ml。该方法可以实现重组蛋白在山羊乳腺的短期表达,可能是大规模生产临床医疗蛋白的一条经济有效的途径。     

用国产微孔玻璃珠初步纯化重组人尿激酶原

用国产微孔玻璃珠从CD-1工程细胞株培养上清中纯化尿激酶原,探索了微孔玻璃珠结合尿激酶原的条件和洗脱方法,比较了硫酸铵线性梯度洗脱或25％乙二醇脱尿激酶原活性蛋白的结果,最后确定洗脱条件为0.25mol/L Tris、1～2mol/L(NH_4)_2SO_4、pH9.3。经此一步纯化,尿激酶原比活性达到15329IU/mg,回收率为78％,还原条件下SDS-PAGE分析分子量为52×10~3的单链尿激酶原占74％。     

用高效液相色谱测定重组人尿激酶原制剂的蛋白含量

目的:用RP-HPLC方法对注射用重组人尿激酶原制剂蛋白含量进行定量分析。方法:用反相C18柱、0.1%TFA水溶液与0.1%乙腈进行梯度洗脱,280nm波长紫外检测器监测;以重组人尿激酶原同质标准品作为对照品,根据进样量和相应的峰面积建立标准曲线方程,将待测定样品的峰面积代入标准曲线方程,可测得蛋白含量。结果:按照方法学验证要求对此方法进行了专属性、检测限、定量限、线形、精密度(重复性、中间精密度)、准确度(回收率)考察,线性范围为9～27μg,回收率在97%以上,RSD2.0%,完全满足对制剂蛋白的定量需求。结论:本方法准确,适用于注射用重组人尿激酶原成品制剂蛋白定量测定。     

人尿激酶原乳腺定位转基因小鼠的建立

应用大鼠β乳酪蛋白基因的上游调控序列和人尿激酶原ｃＤＮＡ构建成功了乳腺定位表达载体．用显微注射的手段导入到受精卵的雄前核,从注射的３００枚受精卵中,１４０枚被移植到９只假孕的受体小鼠．结果从获得的子一代小鼠中,经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ证实,有３只转基因阳性的小鼠．     

人尿激酶原cDNA序列缺失突变体的构建及表达

采用PCR重叠延伸法和基因重组技术构建了人尿激酶原cDNA序列中缺失150～156位氮基酸的突变体,以COS-7细胞中获得暂时性表达以及在CHO细胞中稳定高效表达,其表达水平为450～500IU／10⁶cell／24h,表达产物经SDS-PAGE电转溶实验和westemblot分析证明,细胞分泌的Pro-UK突变体与天然Pro-UK以及完整全长DNA序列表达Pro-UK的分子量相同,为54kDa．绝大多数为单链,比完整cDNA序列表达产物的单链比例明显增高,与纤维蛋白的亲和性有所提高。     

用国产微孔玻璃珠初步纯化人u-PA

用国产微孔玻璃珠从ＣＤ－１工程细胞株培养上清中纯化ｕ－ＰＡ,摸索了微孔玻璃珠结合ｕ－ＰＡ的条件和洗脱方法,比较了硫酸铵线性梯度洗脱或２５％乙二醇洗脱ｕ－ＰＡ活性的结果,最后确定洗脱的条件为０．２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＴｒｉｓ、１～２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４、ｐＨ９．３。经此一步纯化,ｕ－ＰＡ比活性达到１５３２９ＩＵ／ｍｇ,回收率７８％,还原条件下ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分子量为５２×１０３的单链ｕ－ＰＡ占７４％。     

Marine Pharmacology in 2000: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial,Anticoagulant, Antifungal,Anti-inflammatory,Antimalarial, Antiplatelet,Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Cardiovascular,Immune, and Nervous Systems and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action

During 2000 research on the pharmacology of marine chemicals involved investigators from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Phillipines, Singapore, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States. This current review, a sequel to the authors 1998 and 1999 reviews, classifies 68 peer-reviewed articles on the basis of the reported preclinical pharmacologic properties of marine chemicals derived from a diverse group of marine animals, algae, fungi, and bacteria. Antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiplatelet, antituberculosis, or antiviral activity was reported for 35 marine chemicals. An additional 20 marine compounds were shown to have significant effects on the cardiovascular and nervous system, and to possess anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressant properties. Finally, 23 marine compounds were reported to act on a variety of molecular targets and thus could potentially contribute to several pharmacologic classes. Thus, as in 1998 and 1999, during 2000 pharmacologic research with marine chemicals continued to contribute potentially novel chemical leads to the ongoing global search for therapeutic agents in the treatment of multiple disease categories.     

Toxicology of planarians

Potential advantages of using planarians such as Dugesia dorotocephala (Woodworth) to assay a number of different kinds of toxic effects are illustrated by our experiments on neurotoxicity of nicotine, developmental neurotoxicity and behavioral teratogenesis of methylmercuric chloride (MMC), and carcinogenesis of Cd and tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate (TPA). Various concentrations of nicotine in the culture water in which planarians were maintained produced acute neurotoxic effects, evident as disturbances in locomotor and fissioning behavior; planarians also acquired tolerance to nicotine. Behavioral teratogenesis in planarians is illustrated by the effect of subteratogenic concentrations of MMC on regeneration of the brain and behavior of decapitated specimens. Despite normal appearance of heads and brains of MMC-treated regenerates, significant deficits were noted in righting response, locomotion, and prey-catching behavior. EM observations revealed quantitative deficits in brain synapses of MMC-treated regenerates. Exposure to the carcinogens Cd and TPA produced a single kind of neoplastic tumor, a malignant reticuloma, in 76% of specimens treated jointly with sublethal concentrations of both chemicals. Toxicological responses of planarians can be compared to those of vertebrates.     

人尿激酶原突变体的构建及其特性的研究

由于人尿激酶原（pro-UK）存在凝血酶和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂（PAI-1）的作用位点,在生产和治疗过程中容易失去活性。采用PCR介导的定点突变技术对pro-UK基因进行了突变,构建了3种人pro-UK突变体, 分别将蛋白序列中的凝血酶作用位点Arg¹⁵⁶突变成His¹⁵⁶,构建成pro-UKM1;将PAI-1的作用位点Arg¹⁷⁸、Arg¹⁷⁹、Arg¹⁸¹突变为Lys¹⁷⁸、Lys¹⁷⁹、His¹⁸¹构建成pro-UKM2;同时将凝血酶和PAI-1的作用位点突变构建成pro-UKM3。分别在CHO细胞中获得稳定表达。并对3种突变体进行了SDS-PAGE纤维蛋白自显影和Western blot分析,证明3种细胞表达的pro-UKM与天然尿激酶原带型一致,绝大多数为单链。体外溶栓试验表明,pro-UKM1对凝血酶有抵抗性,pro-UKM2对PAI有抵抗性,pro-Ukm3能有效抵抗凝血酶和PAI的活性抑制。特别是pro-UKM3具有开发成新型溶血栓药物的潜力     

重组人睫状神经营养因子的表达及其临床前药效学研究

目的:人睫状神经营养因子(hCNTF)是神经营养因子(NGF)家族以外的一种神经营养因子,具有明显的减轻体重的作用。为了将hCNTF的研究逐步推向应用,开展了hCNTF减肥作用的临床前相关研究。方法:依据国内减肥药临床前药效学指导原则,设计并实施了动物实验,建立了各种指标与人类肥胖最为相似的肥胖SD大鼠模型,分别测定了重组hCNTF用药后大鼠的体重、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、肾周围脂肪重量和肥胖指数。结果:在200μg/(kg·d)剂量下,重组hCNTF对减轻肥胖SD大鼠体重、减轻其右肾周围脂肪及改善体型都有一定的效果;400μg/(kg·d)以上剂量的重组hCNTF,对减轻肥胖SD大鼠体重、改善体型、降低血清三酰甘油都有极其显著的效果;惟有剂量达到1600μg/(kg·d),重组hCNTF才能降低血清总胆固醇含量。结论:所获得的重组hCNTF在肥胖SD大鼠动物模型上具有十分良好的减肥效果。