小叶臭黄皮叶挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取小叶臭黄皮叶挥发油,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法对挥发油成分进行了分析,共分离出84个峰,鉴定了其中的66种成分,所鉴定成分占挥发油总量的94.52%.其主要化学成分为α-芹子烯(15.76%)、石竹烯(15.05%)、β-芹子烯(9.54%)、α-蒎烯(6.43%)和α-石竹烯(5.39%)等.     

齿叶黄皮的化学成分研究

从药用植物齿叶黄皮（clausena dunniana)叶中分离了6个化合物。通过化学方法和波谱分析已知物数据对照,分别鉴定为：β－谷甾醇（β－sitosterol,1),谷甾醇（stigmasterol,2）,硬脂酸（steraric acid,30,桦木酸(betulinic acid,4),pomolic acid(5),熊果醇（uvaol,6),上述化合物在该植物中均为首次获得。     

小叶三点金的黄酮类成分研究

从小叶三点金(Desmodium microphyllum)乙醇溶液中分离得到9个黄酮类化合物,通过波谱学方法分别鉴定为()-表儿茶素(1)、genistein-4′-O-β-glucoside(2)、异荭草苷(isoorientin,3)、荭草苷(orientin,4)、木犀草素(luteotin,5)、异日本獐牙菜素(isoswertiajaponin,6)、luteoayamenin(7)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-7-galactoside,8)、木犀草素-7-O-鼠李糖苷(luteolin-7-rhamnoside,9)。所有化合物均为首次在该植物中分离得到。     

北葶苈子黄酮苷类成分研究Ⅱ

为了解北葶苈子的化学成分,从其50%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了8个单体成分,经理化性质和波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为:槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(2)、槲皮素-3,7-二-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、quercetin-3-O-[2-O-(6-O-E-sinapoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (5)、槲皮素-3-O-[(6-O-trans-咖啡酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖]-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (6)、isorhamnetin-3-O-sophoroside (7)和异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-[2-O-(6-O-芥子酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。化合物3为首次从该种中分离得到,化合物2、4、6、7为首次从独行菜属中分离得到,且化合物6的NMR 数据为首次报道。     

银杏叶黄酮甙浸提工艺的研究

对黄酮含量偏低的银杏叶子进行浸提研究,确定浸提剂为50％～60％乙醇水溶液,液固比为8:1～6:1,浸提温度为60～70℃,浸提时间3～1h,两次。黄酮的浸提率在85％以上;选用A-1和A-2型树脂混合吸附,得到银杏叶提取物产品,黄酮含量26％～31％,得率为1.6％～1.9％。该工艺已用于中试生产,成本较低。     

圆穗蓼中的新黄酮甙成分

从圆穗蓼（Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍ ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｕｍ Ｍｅｉｓｎ．）中分离得到２个新黄酮甙,经光谱分析和化学方法鉴定为：３＇－羟基－５,４＇－二甲氧基－６,７－二氧亚甲基黄酮－３－Ｏ－「β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖基（１→６）」－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙⑴和５,４＇－二甲氧基－３＇－异丙烯基乙酰基－６,７－二氧亚甲基黄酮－３－Ｏ－「β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙⑵,分别命名为圆穗蓼素Ａ     

三叶崖爬藤中的新黄酮碳甙

从三叶崖爬藤（Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg)的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到3个黄酮碳甙,经化学方法和光谱分析鉴定为：5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖（1-4）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（1）,5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-8-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖（1-4）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（2）,5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6,8-二-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙（3）,1和2为新化合物,分别命名为崖爬藤甙和异崖爬藤甙。     

黄皮果皮中的抗菌活性成分研究

为了解黄皮[Clausena lansium(Lour.)Skeels]果皮中的抗菌活性成分,采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等方法,从黄皮果皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,经波谱学分析鉴定为:lansine(1)、3-甲酰基咔唑(2)、3-甲酰基-6-甲氧基咔唑(3)、6-甲氧基咔唑-3-羧酸甲酯(4)、(6R,7E,9S)-9-羟基-4,7-巨豆二烯-3-酮(5)、7-羟基香豆素(6)、8-羟基呋喃香豆素(7)、辛黄皮酰胺(8)、对羟基肉桂酸甲酯(9)和胡萝卜苷(10)。其中化合物5和9为首次从黄皮属植物中分离得到,化合物8的碳谱数据是首次报道。用滤纸片琼脂扩散法测定化合物的抗菌活性,结果表明,化合物1、2、3、6、7和9对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)有抑制作用。这有利于更好地开发利用黄皮这一药食两用的水果资源。     

元宝槭树叶中的黄酮苷

从槭树科植物元宝槭(AcertruncatumBunge)树叶中分离得到6个黄酮苷化合物。通过波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为:kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(1);quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside(2);quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(3);quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(4);isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(5);myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(6)。     

滇黄芩中五个新的黄酮类配糖体

从滇黄芩（Ｓｃｕｔｅｌｌａｒｉａ ａｍｏｅｎａ）根中分离到５个新的黄酮类配糖体。命名为滇黄芩甙甲－戊（ａｍｏｅｎｉｎｓＡ－Ｅ）。经光谱分析,化学结构分别证明为：２’,４’,６’－三羟基二氢查耳酮４’－「Ｏ－β－Ｄ－半乳吡喃糖基（１→２）」－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,５,７,２’－三羟基－６－甲氧基二氢黄酮７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,（顺式）－５,７,２’－三羟基二氢黄酮醇３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄     

A New Cytotoxic Carbazole Alkaloid and Two New Other Alkaloids from Clausena excavata

One new carbazole alkaloid, excavatine A ( 1 ), and two additional new alkaloids, excavatine B ( 2 ) and excavatine C ( 3 ), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Clausena excavata Burm .f. (Rutaceae). Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D‐NMR and HR‐EI‐MS data. Compounds 1 – 3 were tested for their cytotoxic activities against A549, HeLa, and BGC‐823 cancer cell lines, and for their antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Only 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against A549 and HeLa cell lines with the IC₅₀ values of 5.25 and 1.91 μg/ml, respectively.     

微生物合成黄酮糖苷类天然产物研究进展

黄酮糖苷类天然产物是植物中黄酮类化合物的主要存在形式,通过糖基化修饰,可以改变其水溶性、稳定性等,赋予其新的生物活性和功能。黄酮类化合物的糖基化修饰通常由植物源或微生物源的糖基转移酶催化,根据糖基的位置、类型和数量的不同,可形成多种类型的黄酮糖苷类产物。随着合成生物学和代谢工程的快速发展,在微生物中合成植物源黄酮糖苷类天然产物取得了重要进展。综述了糖基转移酶的聚类分析及糖基供体的途径改造,并对代谢工程优化黄酮糖苷类天然产物的微生物合成进行了分析讨论,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

The Flavonoid Glycosides, Myricitrin, Gossypin and Naringin Exert Anxiolytic Action in Mice

The consumption of flavonoid-rich foods, in particular fruits and vegetables, has been epidemiologically associated with a reduced risk of heart disease, neurodegenerative disease, cancer and other chronic diseases. Flavonoid glycosides, the main class of flavonoids, have been shown to exert CNS-mediated activities, particularly as sedative-hypnotics, analgesics or both, nevertheless no studies have evaluated these agents in anxiety. This study assessed the potential anxiolytic effect of three flavonoid glycosides, myrcitrin, naringin and gossypin, in the elevated plus maze test (EPM). Myricitrin (1 mg/kg) was effective on the EPM showing a clear anxiolytic effect with no signs of sedation. However, higher doses showed possible sedative and myorelaxation effects. Gossypin and naringin both shared a similar profile, with low doses (1 mg/kg) inducing a robust anxiolytic effect which diminished with increasing doses of the flavonoids. Higher doses of these two flavonoids showed a dramatic increase in the open arm exploration accompanied by a decrease in locomotor activity. Hence, naringin (30 mg/kg) and gossypin (30 mg/kg) induce both anxiolytic and sedative effects. These results suggest that flavonoid glycosides have the potential to exert a range of CNS-mediated biological activities.     

On the Xanthone Glycosides and Flavonoid Glucoside from Swertia franchetiana H. Smith

Three xanthone glycosides, a flavonoid glucoside and a triterpen acid have been isolated from Swertia franchetiana H. Smith (Gentianaceae). One of them is a new xanthone glyco- side and its stucture is established as 1-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] 3, 5-dimethoxyxanthone (Ⅺ), Others are identified as swertianolin, swertisin, mangiferin and oleanolic acid by chemical and spectral means, respectively.     

Flavonoid glycosides of Lathyrus pratensisleguminosae

Eight flavonoid glycosides have been identified in the leaves of Lathyrus pratensis, two of which are new glycosides.