葫芦茶化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

从葫芦茶[Desmodium triquetrum(L.)DC.]中分离得到三个结晶性化合物,经化学及光谱分析鉴定为木栓酮(Ⅰ),表木栓醇(Ⅱ)、豆甾醇(Ⅲ)。上述三个成分在葫芦茶中均系首次分离得到。     

THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH STAGE ON THE RESPONSE OF RED CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) TO GIBBERELLIC ACID

The response of seedling and first harvest year plants of red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) to treatment with gibberellic acid (GA) at various growth stages is described.
Seedlings sprayed before the seventh leaf stage developed into single-stemmed plants; treatment with GA at the third- or fourth-tiller stage resulted in final stem numbers similar to those of controls. Emergence was earliest, and the number of heads per plant greatest where sprayings were delayed until the third- or fourth-tiller stage.
In first harvest year plants significant increases in the number of heads per stem were obtained with certain treatments, especially those which had two applications of 0.5 mg. GA per plant during the elongation of the first four internodes. This was related in all treatment groups to modifications of the branching pattern, and also to the increased incidence of multiple heading. Earlier emergence resulted from treatment at all growth stages, the effect being maximal where three well-spaced sprayings were applied during active stem extension.     

泌尿生殖道支原体感染及其药物抗性频度研究

目的了解本地区支原体引起泌尿生道感染的状况及其药物抗性频度,为临床治疗支原体感染提供参考依据.方法取男性尿道分泌物或前列腺液和女性宫颈分泌物,应用Mycoplasma IST综合试剂盒进行支原体定量培养鉴定和药物抗性频度试验,同时检测沙眼衣原体(CT)、白色念珠菌和淋球菌(NG).结果2 023例泌尿生殖道感染患者中,747例支原体培养阳性,阳性率36.93%; 其中女性为40.16%,男性为23.04%,两者差异有非常显著性(P＜0.01);解脲支原体 (UU)感染(410例,20.27%)显著高于人型支原体(MH)感染(29例,1.43%)和UU+MH混合感染( 308例,15.22%)(P＜0.01).各年龄组支原体感染率,以18～37岁年龄段最高,年龄组间差异有非常显著性 (P＜0.01).747例支原体感染患者中,合并CT感染59例,占7 .90%,合并白色念珠菌感染 81例,占10.84%;合并NG感染39例,占5.22%.药物抗性频度研究结果显示对红霉素的抗药频率最高,占65.21%,对氧氟沙星和四环素的抗药频率次之,分别为28.53%和11.09%,对强力霉素、原始霉素和交沙霉素的抗药频较低,分别为 4.74%、4.17%和1.52%.比较MH 和UU对6种抗生素的药物抗性频度,MH均显著高于UU(P ＜0.01).结论支原体是引起泌尿生殖道感染的主要病原体之一,交沙霉素和强力霉素应作为本地区目前临床治疗泌尿生殖道支原体感染的首选抗生素.在诊断疾病时,要注意混合感染的可能性.     

OBSERVATIONS ON THE STRUCTURE OF SOME FORMS OF GOMPHONEMA PARVULUM KÜTZ. III. FRUSTULE FORMATION1

Gomphonema parvulum Kütz. was investigated by electron microscopy for details of frustule formation. An expansion of the cell along the pervalvar plane occurs prior to cell division. After nuclear division the organelles are, separated into 2 entities, either by division or by dispersion. The cell divides into 2 halves by the invagination of the plasmalemma which is derived from Golgi vesicular activity. When cytoplasmic cleavage, is complete, the Golgi actively produces electronlucent vesicles which collect and coalesce beneath the. plasmalemma to form the silicalemma around the silicon deposition vesicle. The endoplasmic reticulum is also closely associated with this vesicular activity. The vesicle gradually expands and becomes extremely electron dense as silica is deposited within it—first in the region, followed by the mantle edge. When the valve is mature, Golgi vesicles collect and fuse to form the silicalemma of the first girdle band. The first girdle band becomes aligned against the mantle edge on completion, by the “sloughing off” of the external silicalemma and plasmalemma. The second and third bands are formed, individually in a similar manner. Separation of the 2 daughter cells commences at the apical pole and progresses to the basal pole. The plasmalemma and external silicalemma are “sloughed off” so that the 2 cells can separate. The inner segment of the silicalemma becomes the new plasmalemma of the daughter cell.     

ACTIVATION OF THE CORPORA ALLATA IN RELATION TO OVARIAN MATURATION IN THE SEASONAL FORMS OF THE BUTTERFLY, POLYGONIA C-AUREUM L.

In Polygonia c-aureum , there are two seasonal forms, viz. , the summer form and the autumn form. Previous experiments (E ndo , 1970) showed that the corpora allata of the summer form accelerate the maturation of ovarian follicles soon after imaginal ecdysis. On the other hand, the corpora allata of the autumn form do not stimulate ovarian maturation during a period of 2 to 3 weeks after the emergence.
In the summer form (S) as well as in the autumn form (A), the corpora allata remained in an inactive state for about 15 days after emergence when they had been isolated microsurgically from the brain and the corpora cardiaca during the larval period. Further, when separation of the brain into the right and left hemispheres or ablation of the medial neurosecretory group cells of the pars intercerebralis had been carried out on S-pupae of 28 hr after pupation or of earlier ages, they developed into autumn form in respect to wing pattern and their corpora allata did not stimulate ovarian maturation until 2 to 3 weeks after emergence. On the other hand, when the above operations had been performed 34 hr after the pupation or of later ages, they developed into summer form in respect to wing pattern and ovarian maturation was evident soon after the emergence. In these cases, stimulation of the corpora allata is closely connected with the development of seasonal-forms of wing pattern.
From these experiments, it is clear that the medial neurosecretory group cells of the pars intercerebralis in S-insects stimulate the corpora allata about 30 hr after pupation by way of the nervi corporis cardiaci and the activated corpora allata promote ovarian maturation throughout adult life. In A-insects, on the other hand, the medial neurosecretory group cells of the brain are inactive and fail to activate the corpora allata which in turn have no influence on ovarian maturation.