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1.
Teppei Moriwaki Yujirou Yamamoto Takehiko Aida Tatsuya Funahashi Toshiyuki Shishido Masataka Asada Shamusul Haque Prodhan Atsushi Komamine Tsuyoshi Motohashi 《Plant biotechnology reports》2008,2(1):41-46
Salinity stress is a major limiting factor in cereal productivity. Many studies report improvements in salt tolerance using
model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana or standard varieties of rice, e.g., the japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare. However, there are few reports on the enhancement
of salt tolerance in local rice cultivars. In this work, we used the indica rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar BR5, which is a local cultivar in Bangladesh. To improve salt tolerance in BR5, we introduced the Escherichia coli catalase gene, katE. We integrated the katE gene into BR5 plants using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated method. The introduced katE gene was actively expressed in the transgenic BR5 rice plants, and catalase activity in T1 and T2 transgenic rice was approximately 150% higher than in nontransgenic plants. Under NaCl stress conditions, the transgenic
rice plants exhibited high tolerance compared with nontransgenic rice plants. T2 transgenic plants survived in a 200 mM NaCl solution for 2 weeks, whereas nontransgenic plants were scorched after 4 days
soaking in the same NaCl solution. Our results indicate that the katE gene can confer salt tolerance to BR5 rice plants. Enhancement of salt tolerance in a local rice cultivar, such as BR5, will
provide a powerful and useful tool for overcoming food shortage problems. 相似文献
2.
NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME, EC 1.1.1.40) functions in many different pathways in plant and may be involved in plant defense
such as wound and UV-B radiation. Here, expression of the gene encoding cytosolic NADP-ME (cytoNADP-ME, GenBank Accession No. AY444338) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings was induced by salt stress (NaCl). NADP-ME activities in leaves and roots of rice also increased in response
to NaCl. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing rice cytoNADP-ME had a greater salt tolerance at the seedling stage than wild-type plants in MS medium-supplemented with different levels
of NaCl. Cytosolic NADPH/NADP+ concentration ratio of transgenic plants was higher than those of wild-type plants. These results suggest that rice cytoNADP-ME confers salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings. 相似文献
3.
Expression of a carbonic anhydrase gene is induced by environmental stresses in Rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Expression of the gene (OsCA1) coding for carbonic anhydrase (CA) in leaves and roots of rice was induced by environmental stresses from salts (NaCl, NaHCO3 and Na2CO3), and osmotic stress (10%, w/v, PEG 6000). CA activity of rice seedlings more than doubled under some of these stresses.
Transgenic Arabidopsis over-expressing OsCA1 had a greater salt tolerance at the seedling stage than wild-type plants in 1/2 MS medium with 5 mM NaHCO3, 50 mM NaCl, on 100 mM NaCl. Thus CA expression responds to environmental stresses and is related to stress tolerance in
rice. 相似文献
4.
Two rice cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases differentially improve salt tolerance in transgenic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In order to determine the different roles of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases (OsAPXa and OsAPXb, GenBank accession nos. D45423 and AB053297, respectively) under salt stress, transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing OsAPXa or OsAPXb were generated, and they all exhibited increased tolerance to salt stress compared to wild-type plants. Moreover, transgenic
lines over-expressing OsAPXb showed higher salt tolerance than OsAPXa transgenic lines as indicated by root length and total chlorophyll content. In addition to ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity,
antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR), which are also
involved in the salt tolerance process, and the content of H2O2 were also assayed in both transgenic and wild-type plants. The results showed that the overproduction of OsAPXb enhanced and maintained APX activity to a much higher degree than OsAPXa in transgenic Arabidopsis during treatment with different concentrations of NaCl, enhanced the active oxygen scavenging system, and protected plants
from salt stress by equilibrating H2O2 metabolism. Our findings suggest that the rice cytosolic OsAPXb gene has a more functional role than OsAPXa in the improvement of salt tolerance in transgenic plants.
Zhenqiang Lu and Dali Liu contributed equally. 相似文献
5.
A 1.4 Kb cDNA clone encoding a serine-rich protein has been isolated from the cDNA library of salt stressed roots of Porteresia coarctata, and designated as P. coarctata serine-rich-protein (PcSrp) encoding gene. Northern analysis and in situ mRNA hybridization revealed the expression of PcSrp in the salt stressed roots and rhizome of P. coarctata. However, no such expression was seen in the salt stressed leaves and in the unstressed tissues of root, rhizome and leaf, indicating that PcSrp is under the control of a salt-inducible tissue-specific promoter. In yeast, the PcSrp conferred increased NaCl tolerance, implicating its role in salinity tolerance at cellular level. Further, PcSrp was cloned downstream to rice Actin-1 promoter and introduced into finger millet through particle-inflow-gun method. Transgenic plants expressing PcSrp were able to grow to maturity and set seed under 250 mM NaCl stress. The untransformed control plants by contrast failed to survive under similar salt stress. The stressed roots of transgenic plants invariably accumulated higher Na+ and K+ ion contents compared to roots of untransformed plants; whereas, shoots of transgenics accumulated lower levels of both the ions than that of untransformed plants under identical stress, clearly suggesting the involvement of PcSrp in ion homeostasis contributing to salt tolerance. 相似文献
6.
Feng-Yun Zhao Xue-Jie Zhang Ping-Hua Li Yan-Xiu Zhao Hui Zhang 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2006,17(4):341-353
Transgenic rice plants co-expressing the Suaeda salsa SsNHX1 (vacuolar membrane Na+/H+ antiporter) and Arabidopsis AVP1 (vacuolar H+-PPase) showed enhanced salt tolerance during 3 d of 300 mM NaCl treatment under outdoor growth conditions. These transgenic rice seedlings also grew better on MS medium containing 150 mM NaCl compared to SsNHX1-transformed lines and non-transformed controls. Measurements on isolated vacuolar membrane vesicles derived from the salt stressed SsNHX1+AVP1-transgenic plants demonstrated that the vesicles had increased V-PPase hydrolytic activity in comparison with the Ss-transgenics and non-transgenics. Moreover the V-PPase activity was closely related to the development period of the SA-transgenic seedlings and markedly higher in 3-week-old seedlings than in 5-week-old seedlings. Statistic analysis indicated that the SA-transgenic rice plants contained relatively more ions with higher K+/Na+ ratio in their shoots compared to the SsNHX1-transformed lines upon salt treatment. Furthermore, these SA-transformants also exhibited relatively higher level of photosynthesis and root proton exportation capacity whereas reduced H2O2 generation in the same plants. In general, these results supported the hypothesis that simultaneous expression of the SsNHX1 and AVP1 conferred greater performance to the transgenic plants than that of the single SsNHX1.Feng-Yun Zhao and Xue-Jie Zhang contributed equally to this work 相似文献
7.
Three types of transgenic tobacco plants were acquired by separate transformation or co-transformation of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene, SeNHX1, and a betaine synthesis gene, BADH. When exposed to 200 mM NaCl, the dual gene-transformed plants displayed greater accumulation of betaine and Na+ than their wild-type counterparts. Photosynthetic rate and photosystem II activity in the transgenic plants were less affected
by salt stress than wild-type plants. Transgenic plants exhibited a greater increase in osmotic pressure than wild-type plants
when exposed to NaCl. More importantly, the dual gene transformed plants accumulated higher biomass than either of the single
transgenic plants under salt stress. Taken together, these findings indicate that simultaneous transformation of BADH and SeNHX1 genes into tobacco plants can enable plants to accumulate betaine and Na+, thus conferring them more tolerance to salinity than either of the single gene transformed plants or wild-type tobacco plants.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
8.
Expression of a Novel Antiporter Gene from Brassica napus Resulted in Enhanced Salt Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
Tobacco leaf discs were transformed with a plasmid pBIBnNHX1, containing the selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) and Na+/H+ vacuolar antiporter gene from Brassica napus (BnNHX1), via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Thirty-two independent transgenic plants were regenerated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot analyses confirmed that the BnNHX1 gene had integrated into plant genome and Northern blot analysis revealed the transgene expression at various levels in transgenic plants. Transgenic plants expressing BnNHX1 had enhanced salt tolerance and could grow and produce seeds normally in the presence of 200 mM NaCl. Analysis for the T1 progenies derived from seven independent transgenic primary transformants expressing BnNHX1 showed that the transgenes in most tested independent T1 lines were inherited at Mendelian 3:1 segregation ratios. Transgenic T1 progenies could express BnNHX1 and had salt tolerance at levels comparable to their T0 parental lines. This study implicates that the BnNHX1 gene represents a promising candidate in the development of crops for enhanced salt tolerance by genetic engineering. 相似文献
9.
10.
Functional validation of a novel isoform of Na+/H+ antiporter from Pennisetum glaucum for enhancing salinity tolerance in rice 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Salt stress is an environmental factor that severely impairs plant growth and productivity. We have cloned a novel isoform
of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter from Pennisetum glaucum (PgNHX1) that contains 5 transmembrane domains in contrast to AtNHX1 and OsNHX1 which have 9 transmembrane domains. Recently we have shown that PgNHX1 could confer high level of salinity tolerance when overexpressed in Brassica juncea. Here, we report the functional validation of this antiporter in crop plant rice. Overexpression of PgNHX1 conferred high level of salinity tolerance in rice. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing PgNHX1 developed more extensive root system and completed their life cycle by setting flowers and seeds in the presence of 150 mM
NaCl. Our data demonstrate the potential of PgNHX1 for imparting enhanced salt tolerance capabilities to salt-sensitive crop plants for growing in high saline areas. 相似文献
11.
Yong-Hoe Choe Young-Saeng Kim Il-Sup Kim Mi-Jung Bae Eun-Jin Lee Yul-Ho Kim Hyang-Mi Park Ho-Sung Yoon 《Journal of plant physiology》2013
Various environmental stresses induce reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing deleterious effects on plant cells. Glutathione (GSH), a critical antioxidant, is used to combat ROS. GSH is produced by γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-ECS) and glutathione synthetase (GS). To evaluate the functional roles of the Oryza sativa L. Japonica cv. Ilmi ECS (OsECS) gene, we generated transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsECS under the control of an inducible promoter (Rab21). When grown under saline conditions (100 mM) for 4 weeks, 2-independent transgenic (TGR1 and TGR2) rice plants remained bright green in comparison to control wild-type (WT) rice plants. TGR1 and TGR2 rice plants also showed a higher GSH/GSSG ratio than did WT rice plants in the presence of 100 mM NaCl, which led to enhanced redox homeostasis. TGR1 and TGR2 rice plants also showed lower ion leakage and higher chlorophyll-fluorescence when exposed to 10 μM methyl viologen (MV). Furthermore, the TGR1 and TGR2 rice seeds had approximately 1.5-fold higher germination rates in the presence of 200 mM salt. Under paddy field conditions, OsECS-overexpression in transgenic rice plants increased rice grain yield (TGW) and improved biomass. Overall, our results show that OsECS overexpression in transgenic rice increases tolerance and germination rate in the presence of abiotic stress by improving redox homeostasis via an enhanced GSH pool. Our findings suggest that increases in grain yield by OsECS overexpression could improve crop yields under natural environmental conditions. 相似文献
12.
Salt stress is one of the most serious factors limiting the productivity of agricultural crops. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporters play a crucial role in plant salt tolerance. In the present study, we expressed the Suaeda salsa vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter SsNHX1 in transgenic rice to investigate whether this can increase the salt tolerance of rice, and to study how overexpression of this gene affected other salt-tolerant mechanisms. It was found that transgenic rice plants showed markedly enhanced tolerance to salt stress and to water deprivation compared with non-transgenic controls upon salt stress imposition under outdoor conditions. Measurements of ion levels indicated that K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents were all higher in transgenic plants than in non-transformed controls. Furthermore, shoot V-ATPase hydrolytic activity was dramatically increased in transgenics compared to that of non-transformed controls under salt stress conditions. Physiological analysis also showed that the photosynthetic activity of the transformed plants was higher whereas the same plants had reduced reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, the soluble sugar content increased in the transgenics compared with that in non-transgenics. These results imply that up-regulation of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene in transgenic rice might cause pleiotropic up-regulation of other salt-resistance-related mechanisms to improve salt tolerance.Fengyun Zhao and Zenglan Wang contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
13.
Arne R Strøm 《Journal of biosciences》1998,23(4):437-445
Glycine betaine is known to be the preferred osmoprotectant in many bacteria, and glycine betaine accumulation has also been
correlated with increased cold tolerance. Trehalose is often a minor osmoprotectant in bacteria and it is a major determinant
for desiccation tolerance in many so-called anhydrobiotic organisms such as baker's yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Escherichia coli has two pathways for synthesis of these protective molecules; i.e., a two-step conversion of UDP-glucose and glucose-6-phosphate
to trehalose and a two-step oxidation of externally-supplied choline to glycine betaine. The genes governing the choline-to-glycine
betaine pathway have been studied inE. coli and several other bacteria and higher plants. The genes governing UDP-glucose-dependent trehalose synthesis have been studied
inE. coli andS. cerevisiae. Because of their well-documented function in stress protection, glycine betaine and trehalose have been identified as targets
for metabolic engineering of stress tolerance. Examples of this experimental approach include the expression of theE. coli betA andArthrobacter globiformis codA genes for glycine betaine synthesis in plants and distantly related bacteria, and the expression of theE. coli otsA and yeastTPS1 genes for trehalose synthesis in plants. The published data show that glycine betaine synthesis protects transgenic plants
and phototrophic bacteria against stress caused by salt and cold. Trehalose synthesis has been reported to confer increased
drought tolerance in transgenic plants, but it causes negative side effects which is of concern. Thus, the much-used model
organismE. coli has now become a gene resource for metabolic engineering of stress tolerance. 相似文献
14.
We describe here the isolation and characterization of OsiSAP8, a member of stress Associated protein (SAP) gene family from rice characterized by the presence of A20 and AN1 type Zinc
finger domains. OsiSAP8 is a multiple stress inducible gene, induced by various stresses, namely heat, cold, salt, desiccation, submergence, wounding,
heavy metals as well as stress hormone Abscisic acid. OsiSAP8 protein fused to GFP was localized towards the periphery of
the cells in the epidermal cells of infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Yeast two hybrid analysis revealed that A20 and AN1 type zinc-finger domains of OsiSAP8 interact with each other.
Overexpression of the gene in both transgenic tobacco and rice conferred tolerance to salt, drought and cold stress at seed
germination/seedling stage as reflected by percentage of germination and gain in fresh weight after stress recovery. Transgenic
rice plants were tolerant to salt and drought during anthesis stage without any yield penalty as compared to unstressed transgenic
plants.
OsiSAP8 is deposited in the Genbank with the Accession number AY345599. 相似文献
15.
Lei Zhai Yanfen Xue Yuehao Song Mingjie Xian Liang Yin Naiqin Zhong Guixian Xia Yanhe Ma 《Biotechnology letters》2014,36(3):601-607
The outer membrane lipoprotein, Pal, plays a major role maintaining the integrity of outer membrane and cell morphology in Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we represent A novel role of AaPal in tolerance to salt and alkaline stresses. The cell density of Escherichia coli expressing AaPal was approx. three times as that of control strain when grown in the presence of 1 M NaCl or at pH 9.0 for 14 h, and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana grew taller and stronger than wild-type plants when subjected to 200 mM NaCl or pH 9.0 stress. This tolerance was attributed to higher concentrations of K+ and lower concentrations of Na+ in the transgenic organism. Our study provides a potential use of AaPal in the improvement of salt and alkaline tolerance in bacteria and plants. 相似文献
16.
为研究StP5CS基因在结球甘蓝中的耐盐作用,以结球甘蓝下胚轴为外植体,采用农杆菌介导法将耐盐基因StP5CS和抗除草剂Bar基因导入结球甘蓝基因组中,在双丙氨膦的筛选下扩繁、生根,共获得了36株抗性植株。PCR扩增和Southern印迹杂交检测表明:目的基因StP5CS和Bar基因已经成功导入结球甘蓝基因组中。RT-PCR检测表明:StP5CS基因在转录水平也有表达。转基因植株耐盐试验结果显示:高浓度盐处理(400mmol/L NaCl)下,对照植株整株枯死,而转基因植株仍能正常生长;转基因植株的SOD活性、脯氨酸含量和相对膜透性均随盐浓度的升高呈上升趋势,均在400mmol/L NaCl处理下达到最大。结果表明转基因植株对高盐环境有一定的耐受性。 相似文献
17.
Ni Chen Yan Liu Xin Liu Juan Chai Zhong Hu Guangqin Guo Heng Liu 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2009,27(3):321-333
18.
Prasanna Bhomkar Chandrama P. Upadhyay Mukesh Saxena Annamalai Muthusamy N. Shiva Prakash Mikhail Pooggin Thomas Hohn Neera B. Sarin 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2008,22(2):169-181
A reproducible and efficient transformation system utilizing the nodal regions of embryonal axis of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) has been established via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This is a report of genetic transformation of Vigna mungo for value addition of an agronomic trait, wherein the gene of interest, the glyoxalase I driven by a novel constitutive Cestrum yellow leaf curling viral promoter has been transferred for alleviating salt stress. The overexpression of this gene under
the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter had earlier been shown to impart salt, heavy metal and drought stress tolerance in the
model plant, tobacco. Molecular analyses of four independent transgenic lines performed by PCR, Southern and western blot
revealed the stable integration of the transgene in the progeny. The transformation frequency was ca. 2.25% and the time required
for the generation of transgenic plants was 10–11 weeks. Exposure of T1 transgenic plants as well as untransformed control
plants to salt stress (100 mM NaCl) revealed that the transgenic plants survived under salt stress and set seed whereas the
untransformed control plants failed to survive. The higher level of Glyoxalase I activity in transgenic lines was directly
correlated with their ability to withstand salt stress. To the best of our knowledge this is the only report of engineering
abiotic stress tolerance in blackgram.
Prasanna Bhomkar, Chandrama P. Upadhyay are contributed equally.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
19.
20.
Hui Chen Rui An Jiang-Hua Tang Xiang-Huan Cui Fu-Shun Hao Jia Chen Xue-Chen Wang 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,19(3):215-225
To develop a salt-tolerant upland rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.), OsNHX1, a vacuolar-type Na+/H+ antiporter gene from rice was transferred into the genome of an upland rice cultivar (IRAT109), using an Agrobacterium-mediated method. Seven independent transgenic calli lines were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. These
35S::OsNHX1 transgenic plants displayed a little accelerated growth during seedling stage but showed delayed flowering time and a slight
growth retardation phenotype during late vegetative stage, suggesting that the OsNHX1 has a novel function in plant development. Northern and western blot analyses showed that the expression levels of OsNHX1 mRNA and protein in the leaves of three independent transgenic plant lines were significantly higher than in the leaves of
wild type (WT) plants. T2 generation plants exhibited increased salt tolerance, showing delayed appearance and development of damage or death caused
by salt stress, as well as improved recovery upon removal from this condition. Several physiological traits, such as increased
Na+ content, and decreased osmotic potential in transgenic plants grown in high saline concentrations, further indicated that
the transgenic plants had enhanced salt tolerance. Our results suggest the potential use of these transgenic plants for further
agricultural applications in saline soil. 相似文献