共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Xue GP McIntyre CL Chapman S Bower NI Way H Reverter A Clarke B Shorter R 《Plant molecular biology》2006,61(6):863-881
High water use efficiency or transpiration efficiency (TE) in wheat is a desirable physiological trait for increasing grain
yield under water-limited environments. The identification of genes associated with this trait would facilitate the selection
for genotypes with higher TE using molecular markers. We performed an expression profiling (microarray) analysis of approximately
16,000 unique wheat ESTs to identify genes that were differentially expressed between wheat progeny lines with contrasting
TE levels from a cross between Quarrion (high TE) and Genaro 81 (low TE). We also conducted a second microarray analysis to
identify genes responsive to drought stress in wheat leaves. Ninety-three genes that were differentially expressed between
high and low TE progeny lines were identified. One fifth of these genes were markedly responsive to drought stress. Several
potential growth-related regulatory genes, which were down-regulated by drought, were expressed at a higher level in the high
TE lines than the low TE lines and are potentially associated with a biomass production component of the Quarrion-derived
high TE trait. Eighteen of the TE differentially expressed genes were further analysed using quantitative RT-PCR on a separate
set of plant samples from those used for microarray analysis. The expression levels of 11 of the 18 genes were positively
correlated with the high TE trait, measured as carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C). These data indicate that some of these TE differentially expressed genes are candidates for investigating processes that
underlie the high TE trait or for use as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for TE.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 相似文献
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Christian R. McIntire Garabet Yeretssian Maya Saleh 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2009,14(4):522-535
Two of the main challenges that multicellular organisms faced during evolution were to cope with invading microorganisms and
eliminate and replace dying cells. Our innate immune system evolved to handle both tasks. Key aspects of innate immunity are
the detection of invaders or tissue injury and the activation of inflammation that alarms the system through the action of
cytokine and chemokine cascades. While inflammation is essential for host resistance to infections, it is detrimental when
produced chronically or in excess and is linked to various diseases, most notably auto-immune diseases, auto-inflammatory
disorders, cancer and septic shock. Essential regulators of inflammation are enzymes termed “the inflammatory caspases”. They
are activated by cellular sensors of danger signals, the inflammasomes, and subsequently convert pro-inflammatory cytokines
into their mature active forms. In addition, they regulate non-conventional protein secretion of alarmins and cytokines, glycolysis
and lipid biogenesis, and the execution of an inflammatory form of cell death termed “pyroptosis”. By acting as key regulators
of inflammation, energy metabolism and cell death, inflammatory caspases and inflammasomes exert profound influences on innate
immunity and infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases.
Christian R. McIntire and Garabet Yeretssian have contributed equally to this review. 相似文献
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Pierrick Moreau Kevin Moreau Amélie Segarra Delphine Tourbiez Marie-Agnès Travers David C Rubinsztein Tristan Renault 《Autophagy》2015,11(3):516-526
Recent mass mortality outbreaks around the world in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, have seriously affected the aquaculture economy. Although the causes for these mortality outbreaks appear complex, infectious agents are involved. Two pathogens are associated with mass mortality outbreaks, the virus ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and the bacterium Vibrio aestuarianus. Here we describe the interactions between these 2 pathogens and autophagy, a conserved intracellular pathway playing a key role in innate immunity. We show for the first time that autophagy pathway is present and functional in Pacific oysters and plays an important role to protect animals from infections. This study contributes to better understand the innate immune system of Pacific oysters. 相似文献
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Heat shock proteins HSP70 and GP96: structural insights 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Facciponte JG Wang XY MacDonald IJ Park JE Arnouk H Grimm MJ Li Y Kim H Manjili MH Easton DP Subjeck JR 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2006,55(3):339-346
Several heat shock proteins (HSPs) act as potent adjuvants for eliciting anti-tumor immunity. HSP-based tumor vaccine strategies
have been highly successful in animal models and are undergoing testing in clinical trials. It is generally accepted that
HSPs, functioning as chaperones for tumor antigens, elicit tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. HSPs also appear to induce
innate immune responses in an antigen-independent fashion. Innate responses generated by HSPs may contribute to anti-tumor
immunity. Immunologically active chaperones with anti-tumor activity are referred to as “immunochaperones”. Here, we review
the studies that address the role of structural domains or regions of the immunochaperones HSP70 and GP96 that may be involved
in the induction of adaptive or innate immune responses.
This article forms part of the Symposium in Writing “Thermal stress-related modulation of tumor cell physiology and immune
responses”, edited by Elfriede Noessner. 相似文献
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Larry J. Dishaw Tatsuya Ota M. Gail Mueller John P. Cannon Robert N. Haire Natasha R. Gwatney Ronda T. Litman Gary W. Litman 《Immunogenetics》2010,62(9):623-631
Innate immune gene repertoires are restricted primarily to germline variation. Adaptive immunity, by comparison, relies on
somatic variation of germline-encoded genes to generate extraordinarily large numbers of non-heritable antigen recognition
motifs. Invertebrates lack the key features of vertebrate adaptive immunity, but have evolved a variety of alternative mechanisms
to successfully protect the integrity of “self”; in many cases, these appear to be taxon-specific innovations. In the protochordate
Branchiostoma floridae (amphioxus), the variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) constitute a multigene family (comprised of VCBPs 1–5), which
possesses features that are consistent with innate immune-type function. A large number of VCBP alleles and haplotypes are
shown to exhibit levels of polymorphism exceeding the elevated overall levels determined for the whole amphioxus genome (JGI).
VCBP genes of the 2 and 5 types are distinguished further by a highly polymorphic segment (exon 2) in the N-terminal immunoglobulin
domain, defined previously as a “hypervariable region” or a “hotspot.” Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and complementary
DNA (cDNA) sequences from large numbers of animals representing different populations reveal further significant differences
in sequence complexity within and across VCBP2/5 haplotypes that arise through overlapping mechanisms of genetic exchange,
gene copy number variation as well as mutation and give rise to distinct allelic lineages. The collective observations suggest
that mechanisms were in place at the time of divergence of the cephalochordates that could selectively hyperdiversify immune-type
receptors within a multigene family. 相似文献
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The interaction of bacterial pathogens with their hosts’ innate immune systems can be extremely complex and is often difficult
to disentangle experimentally. Using mouse models of bacterial infections, several laboratories have successfully applied
genetic approaches to identify novel host genes required for innate immune defense. In addition, a variety of creative bacterial
genetic schemes have been developed to identify key bacterial genes involved in triggering or evading host immunity. In cases
where both the host and pathogen are amenable to genetic manipulation, a combination of host and pathogen genetic approaches
can be used. Focusing on bacterial infections of mice, this review summarizes the benefits and limitations of applying genetic
analysis to the study of host–pathogen interactions. In particular, we consider how prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetic strategies
can be combined, or “squared,” to yield new insights in host–pathogen biology. 相似文献
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Rice (Oryza sativa) feeds over half of the global population. A web-based integrated platform for rice microarray annotation and data analysis
in various biological contexts is presented, which provides a convenient query for comprehensive annotation compared with
similar databases. Coupled with existing rice microarray data, it provides online analysis methods from the perspective of
bioinformatics. This comprehensive bioinformatics analysis platform is composed of five modules, including data retrieval,
microarray annotation, sequence analysis, results visualization and data analysis. The BioChip module facilitates the retrieval
of microarray data information via identifiers of “Probe Set ID”, “Locus ID” and “Analysis Name”. The BioAnno module is used
to annotate the gene or probe set based on the gene function, the domain information, the KEGG biochemical and regulatory
pathways and the potential microRNA which regulates the genes. The BioSeq module lists all of the related sequence information
by a microarray probe set. The BioView module provides various visual results for the microarray data. The BioAnaly module
is used to analyze the rice microarray’s data set. 相似文献
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M. S. Nazarenko V. P. Puzyrev I. N. Lebedev A. V. Frolov O. L. Barbarash L. S. Barbarash 《Molecular Biology》2011,45(4):561-566
Mutation theory of atherogenesis proved by “loss of heterozygosity” and microsatellite instability in the area of atherosclerotic
plaques is complemented by data on epigenetic variability of genetic loci involved in the pathologic process. However, only
recently large-scale analysis of epigenetic modifications in the human genome became possible. For the first time, the quantitative
microarray-based methylation profiling of 1505 CpG-sites in 807 genes was performed in atherosclerotic plaques of aorta and
carotid artery from humans using the GoldenGate Methylation Cancer Panel I (Illumina, United States). One hundred and three
(7%) CpG-sites in 90 (11%) genes were differentially methylated between tissue samples. The most pronounced differences in
DNA methylation levels were registered for a site located in CpG-island of the imprinted gene H19. By comparing 90 genes that were differentially methylated between tissue samples in our study, 10 genes (ICAM1, GSTM1, IGFBP1, POMC, APOA1, IL1RN, INS, LTA, MMP3, THBS2) were overlapped with data in the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet), in which they were identified as candidates
for cardiovascular disease continuum. 相似文献
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This article presents an evaluation of two sampling methods for assessing the biodiversity of heavily vegetated wetlands.
The aim was to establish an effective sampling regime to maximise total taxon richness and minimise sampling effort. Three
Integrated Constructed Wetland (ICW) systems in Annetown Valley, Co. Waterford, SE of the Republic of Ireland, were sampled
during spring and summer 2005. The two methods that were evaluated were pond netting and two types of horizontal activity
traps, namely “horizontal activity traps” (HATs) and modified “horizontal activity traps” (modified HATs). The activity traps
provided a one-way funnel system and were constructed from 2 l plastic bottles, allowing for the passive collection of taxa.
HATs were designed to capture macroinvertebrates in open water and modified HATs, which were designed specifically for this
study, were used to sample within stands of dense emergent vegetation. Results show that a combination of pond netting and
activity traps will yield a more complete estimate of taxon richness. The performance of Modified HATs was not significantly
different from that of the HATs in dense vegetation. Tests on the sampling effort required for each method are also discussed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Guest editors: R. Céréghino, J. Biggs, B. Oertli and S. Declerck
The ecology of European ponds: defining the characteristics of a neglected freshwater habitat 相似文献
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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the most important domesticated fruit trees in the Near East and North African countries. This tree has been,
for several decades, in serious threat of being completely destroyed by the “Bayoud” disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. In this study, 18 Syrian date palm cultivars and four male trees were analyzed according to the identity of mitochondrial
plasmid-like DNAs. A PCR strategy that employs plasmid-like DNAs-specific primer pair was used. These primers amplify a product
of either 373-bp or 265-bp that corresponds to the S- (Bayoud-susceptible) or the R-plasmid (Bayoud-resistant), respectively. Generated data revealed that only six cultivars (“Medjool”, “Ashrasi”, “Gish Rabi”,
“Khineze”, and yellow- and red-“Kabkab”) have the S-plasmid, suggesting their susceptibility to the fusariosis, while the remaining 12 cultivars and the four male trees contain
the R-plasmid, suggesting their resistance to the fusariosis. The PCR process applied here has been proved efficient for the rapid
screening for the presence of the S and R DNAs in Syrian date palm. PCR markers developed in this study could be useful for the screening of date palm lines growing
in the field. The availability of such diagnostic tool for plasmid characterization in date palm would also be of great importance
in establishing propagation and breeding programs of date palm in Syria. 相似文献
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RNAseq and microarray methods are frequently used to measure gene expression level. While similar in purpose, there are fundamental differences between the two technologies. Here, we present the largest comparative study between microarray and RNAseq methods to date using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. We found high correlations between expression data obtained from the Affymetrix one-channel microarray and RNAseq (Spearman correlations coefficients of ∼0.8). We also observed that the low abundance genes had poorer correlations between microarray and RNAseq data than high abundance genes. As expected, due to measurement and normalization differences, Agilent two-channel microarray and RNAseq data were poorly correlated (Spearman correlations coefficients of only ∼0.2). By examining the differentially expressed genes between tumor and normal samples we observed reasonable concordance in directionality between Agilent two-channel microarray and RNAseq data, although a small group of genes were found to have expression changes reported in opposite directions using these two technologies. Overall, RNAseq produces comparable results to microarray technologies in term of expression profiling. The RNAseq normalization methods RPKM and RSEM produce similar results on the gene level and reasonably concordant results on the exon level. Longer exons tended to have better concordance between the two normalization methods than shorter exons. 相似文献
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Hairy Root-activation Tagging: a High-throughput System for Activation Tagging in Transformed Hairy Roots 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Activation tagging is a powerful technique for generating gain-of-function mutants in plants. We developed a new vector system
for activation tagging of genes in “transformed hairy roots”. The binary vector pHR-AT (Hairy Root-Activation Tagging) and
its derivative pHR-AT-GFP contain a cluster of rol (rooting locus) genes together with the right border facing four tandem repeats of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S
enhancer element on the same T-DNA. Transformation experiments using Arabidopsis, potato, and tobacco as model plants revealed that upon inoculating plants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring these vectors, a large number of independently transformed roots could be induced from explants within a short
period of time, and root culture lines were subsequently established. Molecular analyses of the pHR-AT-GFP-transformed Arabidopsis lines showed that expression of the genes adjacent to the T-DNA insertion site was significantly increased. This system may
facilitate application of the activation-tagging approach to plant species that are recalcitrant to the regeneration of transgenic
plants. High-throughput metabolic profiling of activation-tagged root culture lines will offer opportunities for identifying
regulatory or biosynthetic genes for the production of valuable secondary metabolites of interest. 相似文献