中国单胞锈菌属新资料

本文报告我国单胞锈菌属3个新记录,即寄生在旋叶香青Anaphalis contorts Hook.f.上的美丽单胞锈菌Uromyces amoenus Syd.,寄生在亮叶茉莉Jasminum seguinii Levl.上的霍布森单胞锈菌Uromyces hobsoni Vine及寄生在乳浆大戟Euphorbia esula L.上的细纹单胞锈菌Uromyces striatellus Tranz..标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

我国东北全新世花粉分布图及其分析

根据６５个地点化石花粉分析资料,编制了我国东北全新世每隔每千年时间片断的花粉百分值图和花粉等时线图,并进行初步分析,花粉图展示了东北地区植被演化的主要特征。桦树在全新世初期遍布从三江平原到辽东半岛南端的东北东部地区,在森林中占据色对优势地位,榆属和栎属等阔叶乔枯木要在早全新世的大部分时间内是东部森林中的主要种类;在大约５ｋａＢＰ以后,松属在东北现在的森林地区开始增加,云,冷杉属也表现出较明显扩大,     

西瓜绒毡层和花粉发育的进一步观察

绒毡层为１层同型细胞,腺质性,幼期他药壁层相似,减数分裂开始后表现出自己独有的特点,小孢子母细胞纤维素壁生存到四分体时期,随着小孢子外壁出现而消失。四分体时期,小孢子发育出网状原覆盖层和柱状原基粒棒。成熟花粉属２－细胞型,含丰富淀粉和脂烃物质,生殖细胞具有流线型结构,呈梭形或柳叶形。营养核与生殖细胞联系密切。     

黄土高原南缘最近10万年来的植被

通过陕西渭南剖面的花粉研究,阐明了近１０万年以来黄土高原南缘植被的演化历史．１０万年以来,该地区主要以草甸草原及草原植被为主,两者交替出现反映了温暖半湿润及寒冷干燥的气候旋回．这几个旋回可大致与氧同位素５ 期末以来各期进行对比．森林植被仅在某些相对短暂的时段出现,如榆树（Ｕｌｍ ｕｓ）林约９５．１～９０．７ ｋａ ＢＰ（９．５０～９．３２ ｍ ）;榛树（Ｃｏｒｙｌｕｓ）林约２５．１～２１．１ ｋａ ＢＰ （４．００～３．４８ｍ ）;铁杉（Ｔｓｕｇａ）林约１３．７～１１．８ ｋａ ＢＰ（２．２０～１．８０ ｍ ）．根据植被区划, 现代黄土高原南部的植被归于暖温带落叶阔叶林区．现代这里塬面缺少森林植被被认为是人类活动的结果．从渭南剖面及其它一些剖面花粉资料看,１０万年中不可能存在足以对植被产生巨大影响的人为因素．因而可以认为,现在黄土高原塬面上草原植被是原生的,无林的原因可能要从其它方面寻找,如水土流失等     

泽泻科的花粉形态研究

本文对泽泻科11属27种代表植物的花粉进行了光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察。在系统描述了该科及各属植物花粉形态的基础上,将泽泻科植物的花粉划分为3种类型,即少果泽苔草型、慈菇型和泽泻型。根据花粉形态特征的比较,并依据泽泻科植物祖先类群的花粉具有船形、具单沟萌发孔、花粉外壁具明显的刺状纹饰、覆盖层完整无通道等特征,作者认为泽泻科植物花粉形态的如下演化趋势是明显的：由船形演化为卵球形、球形和多面体球形;由单沟萌发孔经过一无孔的中间类型演化为散孔类型;孔膜由光滑演化为具颗粒和小刺;萌发孔不内陷进化到内陷;花粉粒外壁的刺状纹饰逐渐过渡为颗粒状纹饰或者消失,以及覆盖层由无通道到具细通道和通道。     

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE LENNOACEAE

Drugg , Warren S. (California Res. Corp., La Habra.) Pollen morphology of the Lennoaceae. Amer. Jour. Bot. 49(10): 1027–1032. Illus. 1962.—The family Lennoaceae contains 3 genera: Pholisma, Lennoa, and Ammobroma. The pollen of Pholisma is 4-colporate with less common 3- and 5-colporate grains. Lennoa pollen is 3-colporate with rare 4-colporate examples. All Ammobroma pollen is 3-colporate. Pollen of both Lennoa and Ammobroma exhibits sexine thinning in the mesocolpia with resultant depressions. This feature is lacking in Pholisma. Sculpture is reticulate-simplibaculate on pollen of Lennoa and Pholisma, and reticulate-duplibaculate on pollen of Ammobroma. Pollen morphology supports placement of Lennoaceae in the Polemoniales near the Boraginaceae and Hydrophyllaceae.     

THE POLLEN WALL OF CANNA AND ITS SIMILARITY TO THE GERMINAL APERTURES OF OTHER POLLEN

The pollen wall of Canna generalis Bailey is exceptionally thick, but only a minor part of it contains detectable amounts of sporopollenin. The sporopollenin is in isolated spinules at the exine surface and in the intine near the plasma membrane. There is no sporopollenin in the > 10 μ thick channeled region between spinules and intine. We suggest that the entire pollen wall of C. generalis is similar to the thick intine and thin exine typical for germinal apertures in many pollen grain types. Considered functionally, the Canna pollen wall may offer an infinite number of sites for pollen tube initiation and would differ significantly from grains that are inaperturate in the sense of an exine lacking definite germinal apertures.     

FINE STRUCTURE OF PARKINSONIA ACULEATA POLLEN. I. THE POLLEN WALL

Larson , Donald A., and C. Willard Lewis , Jr . (U. Texas, Austin.) Fine structure of Parki nsonia aculeata pollen. I. The pollen wa ll. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(10): 934–943. Illus. 1961.—Fresh pollen samples and chemically fossilized pollen samples were fixed in either potassium permanganate or osmium tetroxide and some sectioned material was poststained in an effort to demonstrate the various wall components existing in pollen of P. aculeata. The exine was observed to be consistently 2-layered with the layers corresponding to the endexine and ektexine demonstrated with basic fuchsin staining by optical microscopy. The exine also contained an extensive system of internal channels. Aperture membranes contained laminate-globulate fine structure, and this has been interpreted as a modification for the maintenance of membrane continuity through changes in pollen grain volume.     

绞股蓝属花粉形态观察

首次报道了纲股蓝属２亚属７种１０居群样品花粉在扫描电镜下的形态特征。供试花粉均为小花粉类型,椭圆形、长球形或近球形,三孔沟,等极,表面有夹带二歧分叉的条状纹饰作纵向排列。条状纹饰和条纹表面的不规则细横纹是供试花粉的共同特征。花粉的大小和形状,尤其是极面观特征,在供试种之间有不同程度的差异。２亚属之间无明显界限。     

猕猴桃属花粉形态研究简报

本文借助光学显微镜,对本所猕猴桃种质圃内猕猴桃属(Actinidia)植物53个分类群的花粉形态进行了观察,该属植物的花粉为长圆球形或近圆球形或扁圆球形。花粉多具三孔沟,个别四孔沟。外壁纹饰近光滑、模糊网纹或拟网纹。     

中国叶刺瘿螨亚科三新种记述(蜱螨亚纲：瘿螨总科)

该文记述叶刺瘿螨亚科(Phyllocoptinae)三新种;绍兴刺瘿螨Aculus shaoxingensis sp. Nov.,苦豆子刺皮瘿螨Aculops alopecuroides sp.nov和垂柳刺皮瘿螨Aculops babylonicae sp.