Two Measures of Health-Related Quality of Life in Morbid Obesity

Objective: To compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures in obese presurgery patients with and without binge-eating disorder (BED) and to investigate the relationship between a generic [short form-36 (SF-36)] and a disease-specific HRQOL measure [Impact of Weight on Quality of Life Questionnaire (IWQOL)] and measures of eating-related and general psychopathology. Research Methods and Procedures: One hundred ten patients ages 19 to 62 years with a mean body mass index of 48.4 ± 8.3 kg/m² who were evaluated for gastric bypass surgery were asked to fill out questionnaires assessing eating-related and general psychopathology (depression, self-esteem), as well as the two HRQOL questionnaires. BED was assessed by self-report. Results: Nineteen (17.3%) patients met criteria for BED. Significant differences between patients with and without BED were found for four of the eight subscales of the SF-36—with effect sizes ranging from 0.44 to 0.75—and for the total score and three of the five subscales of the IWQOL-Lite—with effect sizes from 0.57 to 0.74. The mental composite score of the SF-36 as well as the IWQOL total score correlated significantly with the measures of psychopathology. Discussion: This is the first study comparing the results of HRQOL measures in morbidly obese presurgery patients with and without BED. The results indicate that BED has a profound negative impact on HRQOL that exceeds the influence of obesity. Both HRQOL measures were able to reliably discriminate between patients with and without BED. Depression and self-esteem influenced HRQOL in a similar way as binge eating.     

Binge Status and Quality of Life after Gastric Bypass Surgery: A One‐Year Study

Objective: This study evaluated gastric bypass surgery outcomes according to presurgical binge eating severity. Research Methods and Procedures: Adult patients completed assessment questionnaires including the Short Form‐36, Gormally Binge Eating Scale (BES), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before and 12 months after surgery. Results: One hundred nine patients (18 men, 91 women) were recruited. Based on their baseline BES scores, patients were non‐ [n = 52 (48%)], moderate [n = 31 (28%)], or severe [n = 26 (24%)] binge eaters. Although the percentage of excess weight loss was greatest after 12 months in the severe binge eaters, the difference among groups was not significant. Severe binge eaters had higher baseline BDI scores than either non‐ or moderate binge eaters (p = 0.001). After surgery, BDI scores declined significantly in all groups from the baseline scores but remained higher postoperatively in the severe binge eaters (p = 0.018). BES scores declined significantly (p = 0.000) after surgery within all groups. There was no difference in the Short Form‐36 physical component summary scores at baseline among groups. Mental component summary scores were significantly lower in the severe binge eaters (p = 0.001). After surgery, there was no difference among groups in either physical or mental component summary scores. Discussion: In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that patients have similar outcomes in terms of improved depression scores, binge eating behavior, and health‐related quality of life regardless of their binge eating severity before surgery. Patients with the most severe binge eating behavior before surgery showed the most improvement when assessed 12 months after surgery.     

The Relationship between Health‐Related Quality of Life and Weight Loss

Objective: This is a report of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) changes in obese patients completing at least 1 year of outpatient treatment in a weight reduction program combining phentermine‐fenfluramine and dietary counseling. Research Methods and Procedures: Participants were 141 women (87.6%) and 20 men (12.4%) who had an average body mass index at intake of 41.1 kg/m² (SD = 7.0, range = 29.5 to 67.0 kg/m²) and an average age of 44.9 years (SD = 9.3, range = 23 to 65 years). HRQOL was assessed at intake and at 1‐year follow‐up using the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL)‐Lite questionnaire. The relationship between HRQOL changes and weight loss was examined using Pearson correlations. Clinically meaningful change in HRQOL was defined as a 1.96 SEM reduction in IWQOL‐Lite total score. Results: On average, participants lost 20.2 kg or 17.6% of their weight over the 1‐year period. Of the participants, 15.5% lost <10% of their weight, 24.2% lost 10% to 14.9%, 23.6% lost 15% to 19.9%, and 36.6% lost 20% or more. All five IWQOL‐Lite scales and total score showed statistically significant improvement over the 1‐year period. Changes in IWQOL‐Lite scores from intake to 1 year showed statistically significant correlations with percentage of weight loss for all subscales and total score. Subscale correlations with weight loss ranged from 0.166 (Public Distress) to 0.396 (Physical Function) and was 0.370 for the total score. Forty‐four percent of participants losing <10% met the criterion of clinically meaningful change, compared with 51.3% losing 10% to 14.9%, 55.3% losing 15% to 19.95%, and 76.3% losing >20%. For total score and for three of the five IWQOL‐Lite scales (Physical Function, Self‐Esteem, and Sexual Life), the relationship between weight loss and clinically meaningful change was linear and was significant at p < 0.05. Physical Function and Self‐Esteem were most strongly affected by weight loss. Discussion: HRQOL changes, as measured by an obesity‐specific instrument (IWQOL‐Lite), are strongly related to weight reduction.     

Development of a Brief Measure to Assess Quality of Life in Obesity

Objective: Obesity researchers have a growing interest in measuring the impact of weight and weight reduction on quality of life. The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life questionnaire (IWQOL) was the first self‐report instrument specifically developed to assess the effect of obesity on quality of life. Although the IWQOL has demonstrated excellent psychometric properties, its length (74 items) makes it somewhat cumbersome as an outcome measure in clinical research. This report describes the development of a 31‐item version of the IWQOL (IWQOL‐Lite). Research Methods and Procedures: IWQOLs from 996 obese patients and controls were used to develop the IWQOL‐Lite. Psychometric properties of the IWQOL‐Lite were examined in a separate cross‐validation sample of 991 patients and controls. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis provided strong support for the adequacy of the scale structure. The five identified scales of the IWQOL‐Lite (Physical Function, Self‐Esteem, Sexual Life, Public Distress, and Work) and the total IWQOL‐Lite score demonstrated excellent psychometric properties. The reliability of the IWQOL‐Lite scales ranged from 0.90 to 0.94 and was 0.96 for the total score. Correlations between the IWQOL‐Lite and collateral measures supported the construct validity of the IWQOL‐Lite. Changes in IWQOL‐Lite scales over time correlated significantly with changes in weight, supporting its sensitivity to change. Significant differences in IWQOL‐Lite scale and total scores were found among groups differing in body mass index, supporting the utility of the IWQOL‐Lite across the body mass index spectrum. Discussion: The IWQOL‐Lite appears to be a psychometrically sound and clinically sensitive brief measure of quality of life in obese persons.     

Health‐Related Quality of Life Varies among Obese Subgroups

Objective: To compare the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of overweight/obese individuals from different subgroups that vary in treatment‐seeking status and treatment intensity. Research Methods and Procedures: Participants were from five distinct groups, representing a continuum of treatment intensity: overweight/obese community volunteers who were not enrolled in weight‐loss treatment, clinical trial participants, outpatient weight‐loss program/studies participants, participants in a day treatment program for obesity, and gastric bypass patients. The sample was large (n = 3353), geographically diverse (subjects were from 13 different states in the U.S.), and demographically diverse (age range, 18 to 90 years; at least 14% African Americans; 32.6% men). An obesity‐specific instrument, the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite questionnaire, was used to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Results: Results indicated that obesity‐specific HRQOL was significantly more impaired in the treatment‐seeking groups than in the nontreatment‐seeking group across comparable gender and body mass index (BMI) categories. Within the treatment groups, HRQOL varied by treatment intensity. Gastric bypass patients had the most impairment, followed by day treatment patients, followed by participants in outpatient weight‐loss programs/studies, followed by participants in clinical trials. Obesity‐specific HRQOL was more impaired for those with higher BMIs, whites, and women in certain treatment groups. Discussion: There are differences in HRQOL across subgroups of overweight/obese individuals that vary by treatment‐seeking status, treatment modality, gender, race, and BMI.     

Obesity and sexual quality of life

Objectives : Reduced sexual quality of life is a frequently reported yet rarely studied consequence of obesity. The objectives of this study were to 1) examine the prevalence of sexual quality‐of‐life difficulties in obese individuals and 2) investigate the association between sexual quality of life and BMI class, sex, and obesity treatment—seeking status. Research Methods and Procedures : Subjects consisted of 1) 500 participants in an intensive residential program for weight loss and lifestyle modification (BMI = 41.3 kg/m²), 2) 372 patients evaluated for gastric bypass surgery (BMI = 47.1 kg/m²), and 3) 286 obese control subjects not seeking weight loss treatment (BMI = 43.6 kg/m²). Participants completed the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite, a measure of weight‐related quality of life. Responses to the four Sexual Life items (assessing enjoyment, desire, performance, and avoidance) were analyzed by BMI, sex, and group. Results : Higher BMI was associated with greater impairments in sexual quality of life. Obese women reported more impairment in sexual quality of life than obese men for three of four items. Gastric bypass surgery candidates reported more impairment in sexual quality of life than residential patients and controls for most items. In general, residential patients reported levels of impairment greater than or equal to controls. Discussion : Obesity is associated with lack of enjoyment of sexual activity, lack of sexual desire, difficulties with sexual performance, and avoidance of sexual encounters. Sexual quality of life is most impaired for women, individuals with Class III obesity, and patients seeking gastric bypass surgery.     

假体隆胸患者手术前后生命质量和自尊的评估

目的:通过对接受假体法隆胸患者的手术前后的生命质量和自尊水平进行主观的评价,得到真实、可靠的手术效果评价结果,最终提高隆胸手术患者的满意度。方法:选取接受假体法隆胸术患者共60例,在手术之前、术后6个月使用SF-36生命质量量表和Rosenberg自尊量表进行生命质量状况和自尊状况的测量评估,并和常模进行比较。结果:接受假体法隆胸患者术前SF-36生命质量量表中社会功能(SF)和精神健康(MH)两项得分明显低于常模(P0.01);术后6个月量表中社会功能(SF)和精神健康(MH)两项水平有显著改善(P0.01);Rosenberg自尊量表显示患者术后6个月的自尊水平较术前有明显的改善(P0.001)。结论:假体法隆胸手术能使患者的生命质量得到一定程度的改善,隆胸手术对患者的自尊水平有积极的显著的影响。     

射频消融改善阵发性和长期持续性心房颤动患者生活质量的研究

目的:比较射频消融对阵发性和长期持续性心房颤动(房颤)患者生活质量的改善。方法:纳入2011年5月至2016年8月接受射频消融治疗的阵发性房颤患者142例和长期持续性房颤61例。消融前和消融后12个月采用健康状况调查简表(SF-36)评估患者生活质量。结果:长期持续性房颤患者年龄及合并高血压和慢性心功能不全的比例高于阵发性房颤组。消融后12个月,两组患者心理健康(MCS)和生理健康(PCS)评分均显著提高(P0.01)。长期持续性房颤患者MCS和PCS的改善幅度显著高于阵发性房颤组(P0.01)。房颤未复发患者生活质量的提高幅度显著高于复发患者(P0.01)。结论:射频消融改善长期持续性房颤患者生活质量的幅度高于阵发性房颤,房颤复发将影响患者的生活质量。     

Impact of Weight Loss and Regain on Quality of Life: Mirror Image or Differential Effect?

Objective: To compare the impact of weight regain and weight loss on health‐related quality of life. Research Methods and Procedures: Subjects were 122 (106 women, 16 men) overweight and obese participants in a weight reduction program (phentermine‐fenfluramine and dietary counseling) who had initially lost at least 5% of their total body weight and then regained at least 5% of their weight during the follow‐up period. Follow‐up periods ranged from 10 to 41 months (mean, 28 months). Participants completed the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite, an obesity‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) measure, at 3‐month intervals. Results: Mean BMI at baseline was 40.9 ± 6.6 kg/m² (range, 29.2 to 63.7 kg/m²). Average weight loss from entry was 18.8 ± 6.7% (range, 6.0% to 43.7%), and average regain was 10.1 ±4.4% of baseline weight (range, 5.0% to 30.6%). The effects of weight regain on HRQOL mirrored the effects of weight loss—rates of HRQOL change were similar in magnitude but different in direction for comparable weight loss and regain. Those with more severe initial impairments in HRQOL experienced greater improvements in HRQOL during weight loss as well as greater deterioration during weight regain than those with less severe impairments. Discussion: Weight loss and regain produced mirror image changes in HRQOL. The initial severity of HRQOL impairment had a greater impact on the magnitude of HRQOL change than the direction of weight change. Findings underscore the importance of maintaining weight loss for the purposes of retaining obesity‐specific HRQOL benefits.     

Assessing weight-related quality of life in adolescents

Objective : The development of a new weight‐related measure to assess quality of life in adolescents [Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL)‐Kids] is described. Research Methods and Procedures : Using a literature search, clinical experience, and consultation with pediatric clinicians, 73 items were developed, pilot tested, and administered to 642 participants, 11 to 19 years old, recruited from weight loss programs/studies and community samples (mean z‐BMI, 1.5; range, ?1.2 to 3.4; mean age, 14.0; 60% female; 56% white). Participants completed the 73 items and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and were weighed and measured. Results : Four factors (27 items) were identified (physical comfort, body esteem, social life, and family relations), accounting for 71% of the variance. The IWQOL‐Kids demonstrated excellent psychometric properties. Internal consistency coefficients ranged from 0.88 to 0.95 for scales and equaled 0.96 for total score. Convergent validity was demonstrated with strong correlations between IWQOL‐Kids total score and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (r = 0.76, p < 0.0001). Significant differences were found across BMI groups and between clinical and community samples, supporting the sensitivity of this measure. Participants in a weight loss camp demonstrated improved IWQOL‐Kids scores, suggesting responsiveness of the IWQOL‐Kids to weight loss/social support intervention. Discussion : The present study provides preliminary evidence regarding the psychometric properties of the IWQOL‐Kids, a weight‐related quality of life measure for adolescents. Given the rise of obesity in youth, the development of a reliable and valid weight‐related measure of quality of life is timely.     

胃癌患者营养风险与生活质量及近期预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨胃癌患者的营养风险的危险因素,并分析其与患者生活质量及近期预后的关系。方法：纳入我院2017年4月～2019年10月收治的胃癌患者81例,利用营养风险筛查2002（NRS2002）评分分析患者有无营养风险,经Logistic多元回归分析胃癌患者营养风险的危险因素。经简明生活质量量表（SF-36）评估患者生活质量并进行比较,前瞻性随访3、12个月,统计患者近期预后,分析胃癌患者NRS2002评分与SF-36评分的相关性。结果：在81例胃癌患者中,营养风险发生率为53.09%。Logistic多元回归分析显示：年龄≥60岁（OR=1.657,95%CI：1.042-2.635）、疼痛分度Ⅲ～Ⅳ度（OR=4.515,95%CI：1.656-12.310）、消化道反应Ⅲ～Ⅳ度（OR=3.947,95%CI：1.599-9.743）是胃癌患者营养风险发生的危险因素（P＜0.05）,而营养补充（OR=0.899,95%CI：0.846-0.955）是胃癌患者营养风险发生的保护因素（P＜0.05）。营养风险组情绪角色功能、躯体角色功能、躯体功能、总体健康、心理健康、躯体疼痛评分低于无营养风险组,NRS2002评分高于无营养风险组（P＜0.05）。胃癌患者NRS2002评分与情绪角色功能、躯体角色功能、躯体功能、总体健康、心理健康、躯体疼痛评分呈负相关（P＜0.05）。营养风险组随访3个月的生存率为95.35%,与无营养风险组的100%比较无差异（P＞0.05）。营养风险组随访12个月的生存率为79.07%,低于无营养风险组的94.74%（P＜0.05）。结论：胃癌患者营养风险发生率较高,其发生与多种因素有关,营养风险会影响生活质量和近期预后,临床需及时对胃癌患者进行营养风险评估,并尽早干预。     

食管癌不同术式术后长期生活质量实验研究

目的:探讨食管癌传统开胸手术中不同术式对术后长期生活质量(QOL)影响。方法:回顾性调查2010年4月1日至2011年4月1日在我科例行传统开胸手术颈部吻合和胸内吻合的160食管癌患者,将其分为两组,A组:颈部吻合手术;B组:胸内吻合手术。采用生活质量测定量表核心量表(QLQ-C30),对其术前和术后3,6和12个月的QLQ-C30得分与参考值进行比较。结果:术后情绪功能,体力功能显着下降;症状方面,术后呼吸困难,疼痛明显加重;术后第3个月疲乏及经济困难明显加重;术后第12个月起,经济困难状况好转,较术前无明显差异;术后颈部吻合手术组较胸内吻合手术组在体力功能、角色功能、情绪功能及总体状况显著的降低;症状方面,颈部吻合手术组较胸内吻合手术组,术后疲乏显著升高,呼吸困难术后显著升高直至术后第12个月才基本恢复,无统计学差异。结论:术后生活质量与术前比较,颈部吻合对患者生活质量影响明显。比较两种方法,颈部吻合患者较胸内吻合患者术后长期生活质量下降明显。     

胃转流术后远端肠黏膜形态及生长因子表达的变化

目的：探讨胃转流术后远端肠管黏膜的适应性变化及生长因子的表达情况。方法：将8周龄的Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、假手术组和胃转流术组,术后8周取吻合口远端肠管行常规病理切片检查,测量肠黏膜厚度和绒毛高度,采用免疫荧光法检测肠粘膜中表皮生长因子（EGF）和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF—1）的表达。结果：胃转流术组黏膜厚度（672±39与500±31um,P〈0．01）和绒毛高度（445±19与342±15um,P〈0．01）均显著高于假手术组（P〈0．01）,而对照组和假手术组间均无显著差异。与假手术组比较,胃转流术组肠粘膜中EGF和IGF-1的表达显著升高（P〈0．01）,而对照组和假手术组间无显著差异。结论：胃转流术后远端肠管粘膜发生适应性增生,同时伴随着EGF和IGF—1表达水平的升高。     

胃转流术后远端肠黏膜形态及生长因子表达的变化

目的:探讨胃转流术后远端肠管黏膜的适应性变化及生长因子的表达情况。方法:将8周龄的Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、假手术组和胃转流术组,术后8周取吻合口远端肠管行常规病理切片检查,测量肠黏膜厚度和绒毛高度,采用免疫荧光法检测肠粘膜中表皮生长因子(EGF)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的表达。结果:胃转流术组黏膜厚度(672±39与500±31μm,P<0.01)和绒毛高度(445±19与342±15μm,P<0.01)均显著高于假手术组(P<0.01),而对照组和假手术组间均无显著差异。与假手术组比较,胃转流术组肠粘膜中EGF和IGF-1的表达显著升高(P<0.01),而对照组和假手术组间无显著差异。结论:胃转流术后远端肠管粘膜发生适应性增生,同时伴随着EGF和IGF-1表达水平的升高。     

Quality of Life after Lap‐Band Placement: Influence of Time,Weight Loss,and Comorbidities

Objective: To assess the quality of life (QOL) in severely obese subjects before and after Lap‐Band gastric restrictive surgery and identify factors that may influence change. Research Methods and Procedures: All patients, over a 3‐year period, attending for preoperative assessment (n = 459) or annual review after surgery (n = 641) have completed the Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) health survey. Eight domain and physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were calculated. Scores were analyzed in groups based on time after surgery and compared with community normal (CN) values. Paired preoperative and 1‐year scores (n = 218) data were used to find predictors of QOL change. Results: All preoperative mean scores (n = 459) were lower than CN values, with greater impairment in the PCS (36.8 ± 9.5 vs. CN: 51.3 ± 8.3, p < 0.001) than in the MCS (45.7 ± 8.2 vs. CN: 48.8 ± 9.5, p < 0.001) scores. After 1 year, scores were closer to CN scores (PCS: 52.4 ± 8.2 and MCS: 48.4 ± 7.7), and these remained closer for 4 years. Preoperative obesity comorbidity, especially physical disability, was the best predictor of poor preoperative SF‐36 scores and of improvement in scores at 1 year. The percentage of excess weight loss at 1 year (46 ± 16%) was of little predictive value of improved QOL. Discussion: Severely obese subjects have poor health‐related QOL as measured by the SF‐36 health survey. Lap‐Band surgery for this group has provided a dramatic and sustained improvement in all measures of the SF‐36. Improvement is greater in those with greater preoperative disability, and the extent of weight loss is not a good predictor of improved QOL.     

术前心理准备对肺癌患者胸腔镜术后生存质量的影响

目的:探讨术前心理准备对肺癌患者胸腔镜术后生存质量的影响。方法:随机将100例胸腔镜肺叶切除术加淋巴结清扫术后肺癌患者分为两组,实验组患者及其家属术前接受行腔镜手术的健康教育与宣讲,并观看相应手术视频和手术室及监护室环境的图片,对照组患者及其家属术前只接受传统的的口头和文字叙述为主的术前宣教方式。采用欧洲癌症治疗与研究组织癌症生存量表核心量表(QLQ-C30)中文版评估和比较两组患者术前及术后1、3、6和12个月的生活质量。结果:1)术后12个月,实验组的角色、情绪和认知评分明显高于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.05);2)术后1个月,实验组的疲劳、疼痛和呼吸困难评分明显低于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:术前视觉化的护理干预可明显提高肺癌患者胸腔镜术后的生存质量。     

腹腔镜手术对子宫内膜异位症患者心理状态、免疫功能、生活质量及预后的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术对子宫内膜异位症(EM)患者心理状态、免疫功能、生活质量以及预后的影响。方法:选择2015年7月-2016年6月在我院接受治疗的EM患者76例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组各38例。对照组给予开腹手术治疗,观察组给予腹腔镜手术治疗。比较两组患者术前、术后3个月的生存质量测定量表(QOL-BREF)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁自评量表(HAMD)评分以及汉密尔顿焦虑自评量表(HAMA)评分,比较两组患者术前、术后1d的IgG、IgM、IgA的水平,并比较两组患者术后的不良反应和1年内的复发率。结果:术后3个月,两组的心理状态、生理领域评分以及总评分均高于术前,且观察组的心理状态、生理领域评分以及总评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后3个月的HAMD、HAMA评分均较术前显著降低,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。术后1d,两组患者的IgG水平较术前明显下降,且观察组的IgG水平高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者术后的潮热、阴道出血、性欲下降发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05);术后随访1年,两组患者的复发率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜手术能显著改善EM患者的心理状态和生活质量,且对免疫功能的影响较小,同时不良反应轻微,复发率较低,患者预后良好,值得临床推广应用。     

Vision-Related Quality of Life and Appearance Concerns Are Associated with Anxiety and Depression after Eye Enucleation: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aims

To investigate the association of demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables with levels of anxiety and depression in participants wearing an ocular prosthesis after eye enucleation.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 195 participants with an enucleated eye who were attending an ophthalmic clinic for prosthetic rehabilitation between July and November 2014. Demographic and clinical data, and self-reported feelings of shame, sadness and anger were collected. Participants also completed the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire, the Facial Appearance subscale of the Negative Physical Self Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Regression models were used to identify the factors associated with anxiety and depression.

Results

The proportion of participants with clinical anxiety was 11.8% and clinical depression 13.8%. More anxiety and depression were associated with poorer vision-related quality of life and greater levels of appearance concerns. Younger age was related to greater levels of anxiety. Less educated participants and those feeling more angry about losing an eye are more prone to experience depression. Clinical variables were unrelated to anxiety or depression.

Conclusions

Anxiety and depression are more prevalent in eye-enucleated patients than the general population, which brings up the issues of psychiatric support in these patients. Psychosocial rather than clinical characteristics were associated with anxiety and depression. Longitudinal studies need to be conducted to further elucidate the direction of causality before interventions to improve mood states are developed.     

保肛术与腹会阴联合直肠癌根治术对低位直肠癌疗效及生活质量的比较研究

目的:比较保肛术与腹会阴联合直肠癌根治术(Miles术)对低位直肠癌患者的疗效及生活质量。方法:选取我院于2016年1月至2017年7月期间收治的低位直肠癌患者50例,按照乱数表法分为观察组与对照组,两组均为25例。观察组给予保肛术治疗,对照组给予Miles术治疗。对比两组患者围手术期情况以及术后并发症发生率,采用自制评分量表评价并对比两组患者术后的生活质量,随访1年,比较两组患者的复发率和1年生存率。结果:与对照组比较,观察组术中出血量、术后恢复正常排便时间、术后排气时间以及住院时间均降低(P0.05);与对照组比较,观察组生活质量优良率明显升高(P0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组盆腔复发率、吻合口复发率低于对照组,而1年生存率高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:与Miles术比较,保肛术治疗低位直肠癌患者的临床疗效更好,患者术后恢复快、术后并发症发生率低,可明显改善患者的生活质量以及预后,值得临床推广应用。     

子宫肌瘤动脉栓塞术改善子宫肌瘤患者预后与生活质量研究

目的:评估子宫肌瘤动脉栓塞术(UAE)改善子宫肌瘤患者预后与生活质量。方法:选取在我院介入科住院治疗的400例子宫肌瘤患者,记录患者的再干预率和出血有关的临床症状。将症状持续、恶化、症状复发和再干预定义为治疗失败(TF)。使用Kaplan-Meier分析计算成功治疗的累积率。运用Cox回归分析计算临床或形态学预测因子。评估患者生活质量和更年期的变化情况。结果:400例患者中,328例患者(82.0%)完成随访。共有54例TF,对其中46例进行了再干预治疗。Kaplan-Meier分析表明,5年后TF累积率为23.3%。Cox回归分析表明,与45岁以上女性相比,40岁以下女性更易发生TF(OR=2.29,95%CI:1.02-5.19,P=0.048)。非TF患者治疗后疾病相关生活质量显著改善(P0.001)。274例非TF患者中,有62(22.6%)例停经平均年龄为52岁。结论:UAE可以对83.5%的子宫肌瘤患者相关的症状予以长期控制,并使其生活正常化。与接近绝经期妇女相比,TF在年轻女性中的发生率更高。