豌豆苗水培条件的探讨

豌豆苗是豌豆（PisumsativumL．）种子经催芽后,生长出的嫩茎叶。由于豌豆苗含有丰富的维生素和矿质元素,且色泽鲜绿,口感脆嫩,香味独特,因而深受人们喜爱。目前,国内豌豆苗的生产主要是露地栽培和以滚石或珍珠岩等为基质的容器栽培。国外诸如萝卜苗、首信苗、麦苗等的生     

南高丛蓝莓奥尼尔快速增殖的研究

为了探讨南高丛蓝莓奥尼尔快速增殖的条件,以奥尼尔无菌苗幼嫩茎段为试验材料,对增殖培养和叶片再生条件进行研究。结果表明,WPM(改良)+0.5~1.0 mg/L ZT的增殖培养基能使增殖系数提高到5以上,且丛生苗生长健壮和生长速度快;降低盐浓度和添加玉米素是诱导叶片再生的关键;未切全叶的再生诱导优于切断叶片,前者在1/2 WPM+2.0 mg/L ZT的培养基中的再生率高达71.4%,且主要形成具有2~4个芽的簇生苗。因此,将最佳的增殖培养和叶片再生相结合,使南高丛蓝莓奥尼尔可持续快速增殖,为进一步获得优良的奥尼尔种苗及其工厂化生产奠定重要基础。     

白色金针菇液体菌种制备及工厂化生产应用初探

通过对白色金针菇液体菌种制备及工厂化生产中应用的研究,确定白色金针菇液体菌种培养基配方及制备条件,建立了采用液体菌种进行白色金针菇工厂化生产的技术规程.通过对茵丝干重的测定,确定了液体菌种培养基配方、培养时间、培养温度、起始pH值等技术参数.并根据本地区的资源情况,通过比较试验,确定了白色金针菇液体菌种制备工艺,工厂化生产的培养料配方及工艺流程.结果表明:采用液体菌种进行白色金针菇的工厂化生产,发茵生长周期明显缩短,污染率显著降低,为白色金针菇工厂化生产提供了技术基础.     

植物组织培养快繁技术的进展

植物组织培养技术是本世纪五十年代发展起来的,至今已成为植物的快速繁殖、抗性育种、种质保存等的一种重要手段和途径。组织培养技术自六十年代成功地用于兰花生产以来,在生产规模、技术等许多方面已有很大的发展,现在诸如香石竹、唐菖蒲、非洲菊、朱顶红、非洲紫罗兰、百合、菊花等数十种植物已可用于工厂化和商品化生产。在很多国家,利用组织快繁技术进行苗木工厂化生产已成为一个新兴的产业。试管苗生产厂家可直接出售试管苗,也可出售移栽成活的试管苗。     

西瓜组培苗嫁接技术的研究

西瓜组培苗往往不易移栽成活,且生长差。通过砧木嫁接的方法,可提高苗的成活率并改善苗的生长状况。实验研究了接穗炼苗的天数、接穗叶片数、接口用不同外源激素处理与嫁接成活率的关系。条件优化后,嫁接后成活率可达85％,为西瓜优良品种的快速繁殖以及西瓜抗虫、抗病、品质改良等基因工程的研究奠定了基础。     

中药材铁皮石斛组培苗不同培养基的筛选与优化

铁皮石斛组培苗在生长各个阶段对营养物质的需求不一样,培养条件不同组培苗生长结果也不一样。本研究以铁皮石斛种子为材料,通过无菌播种进行原球茎诱导、增殖、分化、生根试验,对各阶段培养基进行比较,以期筛选出最佳培养基条件,为将来铁皮石斛走向工厂化、标准化生产提供思考和借鉴。结果表明,种子萌发以及原球茎诱导的最佳培养基配方是1/2 MS培养基,35 d后萌发率达93.1%。原球茎增殖最佳培养基配方组合是MS+6-BA(1.5 mg/L)+NAA(0.5 mg/L),增殖系数达14.8。原球茎分化成苗的最佳培养基配方组合是MS+6-BA(0.5 mg/L)+NAA(0.2 mg/L),分化率达92.1%,且长势良好。组培苗生根的最佳培养基配方组合是1/2 MS+NAA(1.5 mg/L),生根率达97.7%,根系健壮发达。     

三倍体毛白杨组培快繁和工厂化育苗技术研究

采用1年生三倍体毛白杨优质苗木单芽茎段,研究其组织培养技术和工厂化育苗技术。研究结果表明,组培苗增殖与生根同步进行,通用最佳培养基为：H NAA0．15mg/L,生根率80％～98％,年增殖次数8次,繁殖系数为5。蛭石粉 泥炭土(1：1)是三倍体毛白杨组培苗炼苗的最佳基质。通过组培苗生产、温棚炼苗和大田炼苗试验,研究出了包括接种培养阶段、移栽和苗圃管理阶段3个连续过程的三倍体毛白杨工厂化育苗的工艺流程。     

甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根技术研究

为了简化甘蔗组织培养流程,降低生产成本,该文以甘蔗品种GT44和B9无根试管苗为材料,先经叶片喷施植物生长调节剂处理,然后炼苗24 h,接着把处理后的试验苗移植于沙土混合栽培基质中,研究其在日光温室条件下完成不定根的形成和生长过程; 同时比较了无根试管苗和有根试管苗的移栽存活率和生长情况。试管苗生根率调查时间为试管苗移植后第3天开始至第10天结束,成活率的调查时间为试管苗移植后的第30天。结果表明:经吲哚丁酸(IBA)和ABT2号生根粉处理的无根试管苗的移栽成活率分别为96.3%和97.7%,接近传统生根试管苗的移栽成活率,且其单株试管苗生根成本为传统生根方法的1/28。甘蔗品种GT44和B9试管苗首次出现可见根的时间均发生在试管苗移栽后的第4天。试管苗根的再生可以在有菌的沙土基质栽培和日光温室条件下完成,而不需要在无菌的MS生根培养基和培养室中进行生根; 基因型和试管苗素质是影响甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根的关键因素; 甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根技术比传统试管苗培养基生根技术拥有更多优势,且操作简单、程序简化、生根率和成活率高、省工、节省能源和生产成本、效率高,替代传统的试管苗生根技术,应用于商业化生产。     

9个豌豆品种苗菜生长特性、营养成分、功能性成分分析

选择我国主产区的9个豌豆品种,采用育苗盘技术进行豌豆苗培育,观测分析不同豌豆品种苗菜的生长特性、生物产出量、营养成分及功能性成分。结果显示：麻豌豆品种P10-9和P10-6是生产效益最优的豌豆品种;对豌豆苗中的总酚、异黄酮、染料木苷和NDF等功效性成分进行检测分析,结果表明：麻豌豆P10-4的功效性成分含量最高,麻豌豆P10-2次之,是功能优异的豌豆品种资源。     

杏鲍菇生物学特性及栽培技术研究进展

杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii)是一种品质优越的珍稀食用菌,风味独特且营养丰富,其研究备受关注.杏鲍菇生物学特性和栽培技术包括菌丝生长的营养要求、子实体栽培基质利用情况、病虫害防治和工厂化周年生产等方面均得到广泛的研究,并取得良好的进展.针对以上几个方面的研究进展状况展开论述,为杏鲍菇的进一步研究与开发提供参考.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.