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1.
Lipid composition of cells of heterothallic strains in the developmental cycle of Blakeslea trispora
Lipid compositions in mycelium and spores of Blakeslea trispora heterothallic strains were studied. Distinctions between the strains in the ability to synthesize linolenic acid and in optimal growth temperature were demonstrated. The (-) strain grew at a higher temperature and was unable to synthesize linolenic acid, whereas the (+) strain accumulated this acid up to 20% of total fatty acids. The distinctions between the strains remained at different developmental stages (mycelium and spores). A higher thermophilicity of the (-) strain correlated with a high sterol content, which is typical of thermophilic fungi. The lipid compositions of heterothallic strains studied differed in lipid content, their fractional composition, the degree of unsaturation, and carotenoid composition. 相似文献
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We revealed differences in lipid and carbohydrate composition between cells of mucorous fungi during endogenous and exogenous dormancy. Endogenous dormancy (zygospores) is characterized by high contents of phosphatidylcholine (about 70% of the total phospholipids) and triacylglycerol (over 90% of the total neutral lipids). By contrast, exogenous dormancy (sporangiospores) is accompanied by elevated amounts of sterols, sterol esters, and free fatty acids, which account for over 70% of the total neutral lipids. We established for the first time significant differences in the phospholipid composition between sporangiospores obtained from stylosporangia and sporangioles. Based on the data obtained, we regard the retardation of life-sustaining activities as a biochemical adaptation based on the dormancy state. We also discuss the taxonomical position of Blakeslea trispora. 相似文献
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Doreen Schachtschabel Klaus-Dieter Menzel Gudrun Krauter Anja David Martin Roth Uwe Horn Wilhelm Boland Johannes Wöstemeyer Christine Schimek 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,88(1):241-249
Trisporic acid, its precursors and derivatives are used within zygomycete fungi as communication signals and sexual regulators,
and also influence the production rate of the parent compound, β-carotene. Cultivation parameters during growth and the trisporoid
production phase of Blakeslea trispora were studied in two-step shake flask cultures and up-scaled fermentations. Comparison of various fermentation protocols allowed
the definition of parameters governing trisporoid production. Highest yields were obtained when the initial growth phase allowed
for both rapid growth and fast exhaustion of nitrogen and phosporous sources. Onset of trisporoid production is accompanied
by a pH drop in the medium and triggered by nutrient limitation, nitrogen depletion being the most important factor. Supplementation
of cultures with carbon at low concentration after onset of trisporoid production led to prolonged growth and higher final
product accumulation. B. trispora produces trisporoids in two major series, B and C. During a first peak in trisporic acid accumulation, production of trisporic
acid B exceeds that of trisporic acid C, which later accumulates at the expense of the trisporic acid B, indicating a variable
regulation of the ratio between these metabolites. These data are valuable for tailoring production systems for enrichment
of specific intermediates of this complex signal family. 相似文献
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The recent data on the pathways of carotenoid biosynthesis, which resulted in revision of the earlier concepts, are analyzed. Trisporoid diversity and their role in the sexual process of mucoraceous fungi, resulting in formation of sexual cells (zygospores) are discussed. Special attention is paid to the role of trisporic acids in carotenogenesis of combined culture of the (+) and (?) strains, in which zygospores are not formed. 相似文献
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H. Van Den Ende A. H. C. A. Wiechmann D. J. Reyngoud T. Hendriks 《Journal of bacteriology》1970,101(2):423-428
Evidence is presented that progametangia in both the plus and the minus mating types of Mucor mucedo can be induced by one substance, namely (-)-trisporic acid B. A method is described for the determination of the concentration of the sex factors (trisporone, trisporic acid B, trisporic acid C) in mated cultures of Mucorales by polarography. It can be demonstrated that the amount of plus mycelium is limiting for the production of the sex factors in Blakeslea trispora. It is shown that the minus type of this organism is able to synthesize the sex factors when incubated in the filtered medium of a mated culture. Cycloheximide and 5-fluorouracil inhibit strongly the sex factor production in a mated culture of B. trispora at any time. This result suggests that sexual activity comprises the synthesis of proteins which are involved in the production of the sex factors. 相似文献
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The filamentous fungus Blakeslea trispora, an industrial carotene source, contains -carotene and precursors of its synthesis — phytoene, phytofluene, lycopene, and -carotene. Strain improvement through mutagenesis is difficult because all life stages are multinucleate. Mutants have been obtained following exposure of wild-type spores to N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Changes in the colour of the mycelia reflect variations in the accumulation of various precursors and the final product. Quantitative analysis of the mutants leads to the conclusion that the biosynthetic pathway is similar to that of the related fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus, but the regulation is completely different. In particular, interruption of the pathway does not lead to overacummulation of precursors. 相似文献
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Six amines profoundly affected carotenogenesis in Blakeslea trispora. When cultures were treated with the amines, namely 4-[β-(diethylamino)-ethoxy]-benzaldehyde, 4-[β-(diethylamino)-ethoxy]-acetophenone hydrochloride, 4-β-(diethylamino)-ethoxy]-benzophenone hydrochloride, triethylamine hydrochloride, α-diethylaminopropiophenone hydrochloride and tributylamine hydrochloride, an increase in the lycopene accumulation was observed. The modes of action of these amines appear to be similar to that of 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamine hydrochloride (CPTA); however, they difrer in relative effectiveness. 相似文献
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Relationship Between Sexuality and Carotene Synthesis in Blakeslea trispora 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
H. Van Den Ende 《Journal of bacteriology》1968,96(4):1298-1303
When stimulated by equivalent amounts of progametangia-inducing hormones, cultures of the minus mating type of Blakeslea trispora produce about the same quantities of carotenoids as mated cultures of the fungus, which suggests that the stimulation of carotene synthesis during the sexual activity of mated cultures is the result of hormonal action. These hormones were isolated and purified. From spectroscopic analysis of purified samples, it appears that the hormones are identical with trisporic acids B and C. When both mating types of B. trispora were cultivated in one vessel but were kept apart by membrane filters, the formation of sex hormones was not inhibited. Physical contact between the mating types is obviously not required for the induction of sexual activity. The sex hormones also formed in combined cultures of B. trispora-plus and Zygorhynchus moelleri (a homothallic species), but not in combined cultures of B. trispora-minus and Z. moelleri. This is evidence for the hypothesis that the hormones are produced by B. trispora-plus only. 相似文献
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The research carried out by several scientists has made possible the industrial preparation of β-carotene by fermentation. A fungus, Blakeslea trispora, abundantly synthesizes carotenoids when its two opposite forms are cultivated together in a special fatty medium. When ionones or other natural substances are introduced into the culture, a very obvious increase in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, more specifically of β-carotene, is obtained. Our own work has shown that; (1) several synthetic products chemically related to β-ionone, such as 2,6,6-trimethyl-l-acetyleyelohexene, can advantageously replace either partially or totally the ionones as inductors of the biosysnthesis of β-carotene; (2) various nitrogen-containing substances when added to the culture medium can considerably enhance the biosysnthesis of carotenoids while sometimes very specically orienting it. Their action comes on top of that of the ionones or their substitutes; actually this action is unexplained. Thus certain amides, imides, lactams, hydrazides, or substituted pyradines, and in particular succinimide and isonicotinoylhydrazine, have produced a two or threefold increase in the quantity of β-carotene present in the culture media of Blackeslea trispora. Conversely some heterocyclic substances such as pyridine itself or imidazole totally inhibit the biosysnthesis of β-carotene but induce the production of very important quantities of lycopene. 相似文献
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The patterns of trisporoid synthesis in joint cultivation of Blakeslea trispora mates have been studied. The pair of the not-zygospore-forming carotenoid overproducer strains T(+) and T(?) was found to synthesize a large amount of trisporoids, which did not differ in biological activity from those in the wild type strains. While the ??-carotene synthesis stimulator ??-ionone increased the amount of trisporoids, the share of trisporic acids in their composition decreased considerably. The lycopene synthesis stimulator 2-amino-6-methylpyridine caused a decrease in the content of trisporoid which had no trisporic acids in their composition. Emergence of a new substance with the maximum absorption at 250 nm, which accounted for up to 45% of the sum of trisporoids, was a general regularity in the action of both stimulators. The combined action of these two effectors resulted in additional stimulation of lycopene synthesis and was accompanied by the disappearance of trisporic acids. The aggregate findings indicate that both carotenogenesis stimulators inhibit the synthesis of trisporic acids, i.e., their action is not mediated by stimulation of trisporoid synthesis. 相似文献
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三孢布拉霉发酵产番茄红素的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
番茄红素是一种重要的类胡萝卜素,在生物体中具有抗氧化、抗衰老、提高免疫力等生理功能。虽然已经有部分企业实现了番茄红素的工业化生产,但产量仍然是制约三孢布拉霉发酵生产番茄红素的重要因素。在本实验室研究的基础上,本文结合近年来国内外学者的研究成果,从遗传育种、发酵工艺优化、化学调控等方面综述了提高三孢布拉霉中番茄红素产量的研究进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。 相似文献
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Quiles-Rosillo MD Ruiz-Vázquez RM Torres-Martínez S Garre V 《Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B》2005,42(2):141-153
A gene of Blakeslea trispora has been cloned by heterologous hybridization with the Mucor circinelloides crgA gene, a repressor of light-inducible carotenogenesis. This gene is the ortholog of the M. circinelloides crgA, since it was able to restore the wild-type phenotype of a null crgA mutant of M. circinelloides. The expression of B. trispora crgA gene is light-induced and photoadapted, as occurs for M. circinelloides crgA. Light induction and photoadaptation of B. trispora crgA was also observed in M. circinelloides, which suggests that the mechanisms involved in light regulation are basically conserved between these filamentous fungi. Conservation of the regulatory pathway that controls carotene biosynthesis was supported by the light-induced and photoadapted expression of all structural carotenogenic genes of B. trispora. Consequently, the beta-carotene content of dark grown mycelia of B. trispora increased upon illumination with white light. 相似文献
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R P Sutter 《Journal of general microbiology》1970,64(2):215-221