miR-27b通过靶向FZD7和Wnt信号通路抑制口腔鳞癌细胞增殖

为了揭示microRNA-27b (miR-27b)在口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC)细胞增殖中的作用及其潜在的分子机制。本研究通过MTT测定检测细胞增殖,通过qRT-PCR检测miR-27b和Frizzled7 (FZD7)的mRNA表达水平,通过蛋白质印迹分析检测FZD7的蛋白表达水平,使用荧光素酶报告基因测定法测定miR-27b和FZD7之间的关系以及Wnt信号通路的活性。研究显示,与对照相比,OSCC细胞系中miR-27b的表达显著降低(p0.05)。miR-27b的过表达显著抑制OSCC细胞增殖(p0.05)。miR-27b可以靶向和抑制FZD7的表达(p0.05)并降低Wnt信号通路的活性。miR-27b可通过抑制FZD7和Wnt信号通路来抑制OSCC细胞增殖。因此,我们的研究结论初步表明,miR-27b的低表达可能有助于OSCC的肿瘤发生,其有望成为OSCC的新型分子治疗靶标。     

USP1通过调控E2F1对膀胱癌细胞增殖和周期的作用研究

该文探讨了泛素特异蛋白酶1(USP1)对膀胱癌细胞增殖和周期等生物学行为的作用,并进一步探索其作用机制。通过分子克隆技术构建膀胱癌T24细胞USP1过表达细胞株; CRISPRCas9技术构建膀胱癌UMUC3细胞USP1敲除细胞株; CCK8和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖和克隆形成能力;划痕实验检测细胞迁移; PI染色流式细胞术检测细胞周期;转录组测序检测USP1敲除后基因表达差异及其相关的功能与信号通路;双荧光素酶报告基因检测USP1对信号通路的影响,并通过免疫印迹技术进行验证。结果显示, USP1过表达可以促进膀胱癌细胞增殖,敲除后显著抑制了膀胱癌细胞的增殖和克隆形成及迁移能力,促进S期细胞阻滞。转录组测序结果显示, USP1敲除后差异表达基因共4 522个,其中上调基因2 078个,下调基因2 444个。KEGG分析结果显示,这些基因涉及多个方面,包括细胞周期调控、细胞信号转导、转录翻译、蛋白折叠降解、自噬凋亡等。Hallmark数据库分析结果显示,差异表达基因与E2F信号通路密切相关。双荧光素酶报告基因显示, USP1过表达后, E2F1信号通路明显上调并且呈剂量依赖式,免疫印迹结...     

RORα高表达抑制人胃癌MGC803细胞Wnt/β-catenin信号通路靶基因表达

该文探讨了RORα(retinoid acid receptor related orphan receptorα)高表达对人胃癌MGC803细胞Wnt/β-catenin信号通路靶基因的作用。采用MTT检测了MGC803细胞增殖。采用RT-PCR、Western blot与免疫共沉淀检测了Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关分子与靶基因表达。荧光素酶报告基因方法检测c-Myc基因启动子活性。MTT结果显示,RORα高表达人胃癌MGC803细胞的增殖能力较对照组明显减弱(P0.05)。RT-PCR与Western blot结果显示,RORα高表达组Wnt1m RNA与蛋白质水平较对照组下调(P0.05),而β-catenin m RNA与蛋白质水平无差异(P0.05)。免疫共沉淀结果显示,RORα高表达组RORα与β-catenin结合明显增加(P0.05)。RORα高表达可显著下调核内β-catenin水平(P0.05),同时可显著下调TCF-4(T cell factor-4)蛋白质水平(P0.05)。RORα高表达可显著下调Axin、c-Myc、c-Jun m RNA与蛋白质水平(P0.05)。荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示,RORα高表达c-Myc启动子活性明显降低(P0.05)。以上结果表明,RORα高表达可通过调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关分子基因表达来抑制人胃癌细胞增殖。     

2-羟基-3-甲基蒽醌抑制结直肠癌的作用及机制研究

为观察2-羟基-3-甲基蒽醌(HMA)对结直肠癌细胞增殖的影响并探讨其作用机制,本研究采用CCK8法检测HMA对结直肠癌细胞增殖的影响;Heochst-33343/PI染色检测细胞凋亡情况;同时检测细胞内ROS及GSH含量变化并应用Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白及Keap-1/Nrf-2/ARE信号途径相关蛋白的表达。实验结果显示,HMA给予结直肠癌细胞后,细胞内ROS含量升高,GSH含量减少;HMA通过抑制Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1通路,诱导细胞发生凋亡。综上表明HMA具有抑制结肠癌细胞增殖的作用,其机制可能与破坏细胞内氧化还原平衡,抑制Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1通路有关。     

S100A9对宫颈癌Hela细胞的增殖和迁移的影响及其机制探讨

为初步探讨S100A9在宫颈癌中的生物学作用,利用携带有人S100A9基因的腺病毒(Adh S100A9)感染于低表达S100A9的宫颈癌Hela细胞,通过MTT法检测细胞增殖能力,划痕愈合试验和Transwell试验检测细胞迁移能力,通过倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化,采用RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测上皮细胞标志蛋白E-钙黏着蛋白(E-cadherin,E-cad)、间质细胞标志蛋白波形蛋白(vimentin,Vim)及Wnt/β-联蛋白(β-catenin,β-cat)信号通路相关分子的表达。结果显示,与对照组相比,过表达S100A9的Hela细胞增殖活性增强、迁移率增高,细胞形态由"铺路石"样向"梭形"转变,排列紊乱,伴随E-cad降低(P0.05)和Vim升高(P0.01);同时,过表达S100A9的Hela细胞中Wnt/β-cat信号通路的关键分子β-联蛋白水平增加(P0.01),并且入核增多(P0.01),该通路的下游靶基因c-myc、Snail及Twist表达也明显上调。该研究结果提示,S100A9促进宫颈癌Hela细胞的增殖、迁移和上皮–间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT),激活Wnt/β-cat信号通路;S100A9促进增殖和迁移作用的机制可能与其促进EMT和激活Wnt/β-cat信号通路相关。     

miR-190的表达下调有利于抑制结直肠癌

研究miR-190在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CC)患者中的表达和作用机制。采用Real-time PCR和探针原位杂交的方法检测miR-190在结直肠癌患者的癌组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达量变化。利用Targetscan数据库,寻找潜在的miR-190靶基因,并采用双荧光素酶报告基因验证。结果发现,相比于癌旁正常组织,miR-190在结直肠癌患者的癌组织中表达量显著下降(p0.000 1)。通过Targetscan数据库找到miR-190可作用于细胞因子IGF-1,双荧光素酶报告基因实验也证实了miR-190可以作用于IGF-1的3'UTR区域,从而抑制IGF-1的表达。在结直肠癌的发病过程中,miR-190表达量下降,导致IGF-1含量上升,进而促进了结肠癌的发展,miR-190具有抑癌作用。     

特异性蛋白1(SP1)上调FOXP4-AS1促进结直肠癌细胞增殖

大量的证据表明,长链非编码RNAs (long non-coding RNAs)在结直肠癌发生发展中发挥重要作用。有迹象表明,lncRNA FOXP4-AS1推动结直肠癌的进程。本文通过数据库信息分析发现,FOXP4-AS1在结直肠癌中高表达且与患者较差的预后正相关。实时荧光定量PCR方法也证实,FOXP4-AS1在结直肠癌细胞和组织中的表达量均高于正常细胞和组织。其中,FOXP4-AS1在结肠癌细胞LOVO中表达量最高,是正常结直肠细胞的13倍。生物信息学预测结合双荧光素酶报告基因实验和染色质沉淀研究结果表明,特异性蛋白1（specificity protein 1,SP1）可直接结合在FOXP4-AS1启动子上,上调其活性。过表达FOXP4-AS1,可下调p16和p18表达,同时上调CDK4、CDK6和细胞周期蛋白 D1表达,最终促进结直肠癌细胞增殖。相反,敲低FOXP4-AS1将上调p16和p18表达,抑制CDK4、CDK6和细胞周期蛋白 D1,获得相反的结果。总之,特异性蛋白1(SP1)上调FOXP4-AS1,促进结直肠癌细胞增殖。     

CAFs调控MAPK/ERK5通路抑制结直肠癌HT-29细胞凋亡

为探讨肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)对结直肠癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及分子机制,本研究通过组织贴壁法从结直肠癌组织中分离CAFs,并验证CAFs中α-SMA的表达;通过Transwell建立CAFs和结直肠癌细胞系HT-29共培养系统,CCK8检测结直肠癌HT-29细胞活力;流式细胞术检测HT-29细胞凋亡率;通过实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting检测结直肠癌细胞中VEGF的mRNA和蛋白表达以及ERK5磷酸化水平。与对照NFs相比,α-SMA在结CAFs中表达显著增加(p0.01)。CCK8结果表明CAFs促进结直肠癌细胞的增殖;流式结果显示CAFs能抑制细胞凋亡;Real-time RT-PCR和Western blotting结果显示CAFs促进结直肠癌细胞内VEGF的mRNA和蛋白表达,并促进ERK5磷酸化。本研究初步表明,CAFs激活MAPK/ERK5通路和VEGF的表达,可促进结直肠癌HT-29细胞增殖。     

BATF2对Wnt信号通路影响的研究

摘要wnt信号通路在各种生物体内高度进化保守,与癌症的发生发展密切相关。BATF2是一个新近发现的基因,研究表明其具有抑癌基因的作用。目前,BATF2与wnt信号通路的关系尚不清楚,该文用荧光素酶报告基因检测、Real－timePCR和Western blot发现BATF2能影响wnt信号通路。过表达BArF2可明显下调TCF4／p－catenin的转录活性和Wnt信号通路下游基因的表达,可以下调细胞核中的β-caenin。推测BATF2可能通过下调细胞核中的p－catenin来实现对wnt信号通路的下调。上述结果为抑制Wnt信号通路用于肿瘤治疗提供了一定的依据。     

丁酸梭菌抑制Cdk2表达经Wnt/βcatenin 信号通路调控结直肠癌细胞迁移

目的研究丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum,C. butyricum)与细胞周期蛋白激酶2(Cdk2)对结直肠癌细胞迁移的作用,探讨其作用机制。方法以结直肠癌细胞DLD1作为研究载体,运用蛋白印迹法(Western blot)、MTT、定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)、Transwell和划痕实验等研究C. butyricum和Cdk2对结直肠癌形成的影响。结果Western blot和qPCR结果显示,癌组织Cdk2阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织(t=8.271,P<0.01)。qPCR结果表明C. butyricum在结直肠癌患者粪便中的丰度明显低于正常人群(t=6.903,P<0.05)。MTT、Transwell和划痕实验表明,C. butyricum培养上清作用的结直肠癌细胞生长速度明显低于对照组(MTT:96 h t=4.356,P<0.05; 120 h t=6.025,P<0.05。Transwell:C. butyricum t=3.794,P<0.05; Cdk2 knockdown t=5.086,P<0.01;丁酸梭菌+Cdk2 knockdown t=4.815,P<0.01。划痕:24 h t=4.356,P<0.01; 48 h t=6.025,P<0.01),且C. butyricum通过Cdk2抑制了结直肠癌细胞增殖与迁移能力。Western blot结果显示C. butyricum抑制Cdk2的表达,且与Cdk2协同作用调控Wnt/βcatenin信号通路。结论C. butyricum通过抑制Cdk2经Wnt/βcatenin信号通路调控结直肠癌细胞的增殖和迁移。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.