盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤术后患者镇痛效果及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤术后患者的镇痛效果及免疫功能的影响。方法:选择2014年6月至2016年12月我院收治并行手术治疗的肠道肿瘤患者50例,按照随机数字表法分为羟考酮组及芬太尼组,每组各25例。羟考酮组患者于手术结束前15 min给予盐酸羟考酮5 mg静脉注射;芬太尼组患者于手术结束前15 min给予芬太尼50 ug静脉注射。两组术后分别启动盐酸羟考酮与芬太尼静脉自控镇痛。观察两组术后3 h(T_0)、6 h(T_1)、12 h(T_2)、24 h(T_3)、48h(T_4)视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Ramsey镇静评分变化;检测麻醉前、T_2、T_3、T_4血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平以及CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、NK细胞水平,并对比两组术后不良反应发生情况。结果:T_1、T_2时点羟考酮组Ramsey评分显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05),T_0、T_3、T_4时点两组Ramsey评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。T_2、T_3、T_4时点两组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10较麻醉前均显著升高(P0.05),羟考酮组TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05)。T_2、T_3、T_4时点两组患者CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著降低,CD8~+显著升高(P0.05),羟考酮组CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著高于芬太尼组,CD8~+显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05),T_2、T_3时点两组患者NK细胞显著降低,羟考酮组NK细胞显著高于芬太尼组(P0.05)。两组患者术后恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制、头晕、皮肤瘙痒发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤患者免疫功能影响较小,适合肠道肿瘤患者。     

不同剂量盐酸羟考酮复合右美托咪定对开腹手术患者镇痛效应及血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量盐酸羟考酮复合右美托咪定对开腹手术患者镇痛效应及血流动力学的影响。方法:选择从2015年3月到2017年3月期间在我院接受开腹手术治疗的患者100例进行研究。根据随机数字表法对患者进行分组,A组(应用1.0 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮及2.5μg/kg的右美托咪定麻醉)、B组(应用0.75 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮及2.5μg/kg的右美托咪定麻醉)、C组(应用0.5 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮及2.5μg/kg的右美托咪定麻醉)和D组(应用1.0 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮麻醉),每组各25例。对比各组镇痛效应满意度以及麻醉诱导前(T0)、插管即刻(T1)、插管后5 min(T2)时的血流动力学指标,并统计各组不良反应情况。结果:A、B、C三组的镇痛效应满意度均分别明显高于D组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),A、B、C三组的镇痛效应满意度对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A、B组T1时的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR)水平均分别高于C、D组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);T0和T2时,各组的SBP、DBP、MAP及HR水平相比差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。各组T1时SBP、DBP、MAP及HR水平与T0时相比明显上升,而T2时又明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。B组不良反应总发生率为12.00%,明显低于A组的36.00%、C组的44.00%及D组的40.00%,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:不同剂量的盐酸羟考酮与右美托咪定复合麻醉对开腹手术患者的镇痛效应较好,并对患者的血流动力学水平均造成一定影响,但随着时间的延长而逐渐减弱,2.5μg/kg的右美托咪定以及0.75 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮复合麻醉的安全性较高,值得在临床上推广应用。     

不同剂量硼替佐米联合地塞米松对多发性骨髓瘤T细胞亚群及血清C反应蛋白、β2-微球蛋白的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量硼替佐米联合地塞米松对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)T细胞亚群及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、β_2-微球蛋白(β_2-MG)的影响。方法:选取2010年1月～2019年8月期间皖南医学院附属马鞍山中心医院收治的52例MM患者以及南京中医药大学附属泰州医院收治的28例MM患者,共计纳入患者例数80例。根据随机数字表法分为A组(n=40,给予1.3 mg/m~2硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗)和B组(n=40,给予1.6 mg/m2硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗),比较两组患者的疗效、T细胞亚群、血清CRP、β_2-MG水平,记录两组治疗期间不良反应情况。结果:两组临床总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗5个疗程后CD3~+CD4~+、CD3~+CD4~+/CD3~+CD8~+均升高,且B组高于A组(P0.05);CD3~+CD8~+下降,且B组低于A组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。两组治疗5个疗程后β_2-MG、CRP均下降,且B组低于A组(P0.05)。结论:MM患者采用1.6 mg/m2硼替佐米或者1.3 mg/m2硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗,可获得相当的疗效及安全性,但1.6 mg/m2硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗可更好地改善患者T细胞亚群及血清CRP、β_2-MG水平。     

不同剂量甲强龙对行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者免疫功能的影响

目的:评价不同剂量甲强龙对行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者免疫功能的影响。方法:选择择期行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者40例,美国麻醉医师学会(American Society of Anesthesiology,ASA)Ⅱ~Ⅲ级,性别不限,年龄65~85岁,采用随机数字表法分为两组(n=20):甲强龙高剂量组(M组)和甲强龙低剂量组(C组)。在麻醉诱导前30 min,M组静脉注射甲强龙1 mg·kg-1,C组静脉注射甲强龙0.5 mg·kg-1。于诱导前(T0)、术毕(T1)、术后24 h(T2)抽取外周静脉血样,采用流式细胞术测定T淋巴细胞亚群CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+水平,计算CD4~+/CD8~+比值。结果:与T0时比较,M组T1和T2时CD3~+水平显著降低(P0.05),CD4~+水平、CD4~+/CD8~+比值有所降低,CD8~+水平有所升高,但是差异无统计学意义(P0.05);C组T1和T2时CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+水平以及CD4~+/CD8~+比值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与C组比较,M组T1和T2时CD3~+水平降低,T2时CD8~+水平显著升高(P0.05)。结论:麻醉诱导前30min静脉注射1 mg·kg~(-1)的甲强龙对行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者的免疫功能有一定影响,而麻醉诱导前30 min静脉注射0.5 mg·kg~(-1)的甲强龙对患者的免疫功能无明显影响。     

羟考酮联合奥布卡因凝胶对腹腔镜下胆囊切除术男性患者全麻苏醒期的影响

目的:观察羟考酮联合奥布卡因凝胶对腹腔镜下胆囊切除术男性患者全麻苏醒期的影响。方法:选择2016年6月~12月于中国医科大学附属第一医院行择期全麻腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的男性患者120例,年龄20~60岁,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法分为4组,每组30例,分别为羟考酮组(A组)、奥布卡因凝胶组(B组)、羟考酮联合奥布卡因凝胶组(C组)、对照组(D组)。记录四组患者的苏醒时间、拔管时间,麻醉诱导前(T0)、拔管后即刻(T1)、拔管后15 min(T2)、拔管后30 min(T3)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_2)以及T1、T2、T3时的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分。同时,记录术后30 min内患者躁动、尿管留置不适的发生情况以及嗜睡、恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生情况。结果:四组患者发热苏醒时间、拔管时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。C组患者T1时MAP、HR低于B组和D组(P0.05),T2、T3时MAP、HR低于A组、B组和D组(P0.05),各时点的VAS评分低于B组和D组(P0.05),尿管留置不适发生率低于A组和D组(P0.05)。四组患者躁动、恶心呕吐、嗜睡等不良反应的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:羟考酮联合奥布卡因凝胶的使用能够减轻腹腔镜下胆囊切除术男性患者的术后疼痛,减少苏醒期尿管留置不适,有利于血流动力学的稳定,而且不延长苏醒时间和拔管时间,不增加不良反应。     

不同浓度的右美托咪定对脊柱手术老年患者免疫功能和术后认知功能的影响

探讨不同浓度的右美托咪定在老年脊柱手术患者中应用对免疫功能和认知功能水平的影响。2015 年1 月至 2017 年 1 月,选取我院手术治疗的 90 例拟实施脊柱手术治疗的老年患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组、实验组 A (麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 1.0 μg/kg)、实验组 B (麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 2.0 μg/kg)各 30 例;对比两组患者的免疫功能、认知功能指标。结果显示,T_0时刻,3 组患者的血清补体 C3、补体 C4、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+比较,差异均不具有统计学意义(p0.05);在 T_1、T_2时刻,实验组 A、实验组 B 的补体 C3、补体 C4 水平均显著低于空白组(p0.05);在 T_1、T_2时刻,实验组 A、实验组 B的 CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均显著高于空白组(p0.05);术前 1 d,三组患者的 MMSE 评分、血清 S100β蛋白水平比较,差异均不具有统计学意义(p0.05);术后第 1 天,空白组和实验组 A 的 MMSE 评分显著低于实验组 B (p0.05);在术后第 1 天、第 4 天、第 7 天,空白组和实验组 A 的血清 S100β蛋白水平显著低于实验组 B(p0.05)。实施脊柱手术治疗的老年患者麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 1.0 μg/kg,有利于减轻患者的免疫功能损害,同时不会影响患者的认知功能水平。     

人免疫球蛋白联合IMP/CS和PS/TS对重症肺部感染患者炎性因子及T细胞亚群的影响

目的:人免疫球蛋白(HIG)联合亚胺培南西司他丁钠(IMP/CS)和哌拉西林他唑巴坦钠(PS/TS)治疗重症肺部感染的临床疗效。方法:选择2013年3月～2018年7月复旦大学附属华山医院北院收治的重症肺部感染患者99例为研究对象,采用随机数字法分为A组(33例,采用HIG+IMP/CS+PS/TS治疗)、B组(33例,采用IMP/CS+PS/TS治疗)和C组(33例,采用PS/TS治疗),比较三组有效率、炎性因子、T细胞亚群和不良反应。结果:A组临床总有效率为96.97%,高于B组的78.79%,B组高于C组的60.61%(P0.05)。治疗7 d后,三组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、CD8~+水平较治疗前降低,CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗7 d后,A组CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、CD8~+水平低于B组,B组低于C组(P0.05);治疗7d后,A组CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+高于B组,B组高于C组(P0.05)。三组治疗期间均无药物相关不良反应的发生。结论:HIG联合IMP/CS和PS/TS治疗重症肺部感染患者安全有效,能有效改善患者的炎性反应,调节免疫功能,促进患者恢复。     

不同剂量羟考酮复合右美托咪定麻醉对肺癌根治术患者自控静脉镇痛效应及免疫应答的影响

摘要 目的：观察不同剂量羟考酮复合右美托咪定麻醉在肺癌根治术患者中的临床应用效果。方法：采用随机数字表法,将2017年3月~2020年12月期间在我院行肺癌根治术的肺癌患者（n=140）分为A组（1.0 mg/kg羟考酮）、B组（2.5 μg/kg右美托咪定、1.0 mg/kg羟考酮）、C组（2.5 μg/kg右美托咪定、0.75 mg/kg羟考酮）、D组（2.5 μg/kg右美托咪定、0.5 mg/kg羟考酮）,各为35例。观察四组患者的血流动力学、免疫应答、镇痛效应满意度及不良反应发生率。结果：C组、D组术后2 h（T1）~术后6 h（T2）时间点心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）小于A组、B组（P<0.05）。而A组、B组之间和C组、D组之间的T1、T2时间点HR、MAP组间对比差异不显著（P>0.05）。A组、D组的镇痛效应满意度小于C组和B组（P<0.05）。而A组、D组之间和C组、B组之间的镇痛效应满意度组间对比无差异（P>0.05）。C组、D组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺高于A组、B组;CD8⁺则低于A组、B组（P<0.05）。而C组、D组之间、A组、B组之间的CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺组间对比差异不显著（P>0.05）。C组的不良反应发生率小于A组、B组、D组（P<0.05）。结论：羟考酮复合右美托咪定麻醉用于肺癌根治术患者,以0.75 mg/kg羟考酮+2.5 μg/kg右美托咪定的效果最好,可获得较好的镇痛效应满意度,稳定血流动力学,减轻免疫抑制,安全可靠。     

血清IL-2、IL-16水平的变化和艾滋病患者机会性感染的关系探究

目的:研究血清IL-2、IL-16水平的变化和艾滋病患者机会性感染的关系。方法:选择2016年1月至2018年10月在我院接受治疗的艾滋病患者120例作为观察组,根据美国疾病预防控制中心及世界卫生组织标准将其分为三期,A期24例,B期41例,C期55例,其中96例为机会性感染者。同期选择20例在本院进行正常体检者作为对照组。观察组采用高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)治疗。检测和比较各期艾滋病患者与对照组、机会性感染组与非机会性感染组、艾滋病各期治疗前后血清白介素-2(IL-2)、白介素-16(IL-16)、CD4~+细胞、CD8~+细胞计数的差异。结果:观察组各期艾滋病患者血清IL-2、IL-16水平明显低于对照组,且C期患者血清IL-2、IL-16水平均显著低于A、B期患者(P0.05);观察组及各期患者CD4~+细胞计数均低于对照组,CD8~+细胞计数均高于对照组,且C期患者CD4~+细胞计数均显著低于A、B期患者,CD8~+细胞计数均高于A、B期患者(P0.05);机会性感染组患者血清IL-2、IL-16水平明显低于非机会性感染组(P0.05);治疗后,观察组各期患者血清IL-2、IL-16水平较治疗前明显显著升高,且A期患者血清IL-2、IL-16显著高于B、C期患者(P0.05)。结论:艾滋病机会性感染患者血清IL-2、IL-16水平均显著降低,通过监测血清IL-2、IL-16水平可积极防治机会性感染。     

糖尿病肾病患者微炎症状态与营养状况及免疫功能的相关性分析

目的:探讨糖尿病肾病(DN)患者微炎症状态与营养状况及免疫功能的关系。方法:选取2015年6月～2018年6月期间我院收治的DN患者90例作为观察组,依据尿微量白蛋白排泄率(UAER)水平将其分为A组(正常白蛋白尿,UAER20μg/min,n=28)、B组(微量白蛋白尿,UAER20～200μg/min,n=29)、C组(蛋白尿,UAER200μg/min,n=33),另选取同期来我院行健康体检的志愿者40例作为对照组,检测所有研究对象微炎症、营养状况、免疫功能等相关指标并比较,采用Pearson相关性分析微炎症状态指标与营养状况指标及免疫功能指标的相关性。结果:观察组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)均高于对照组(P0.05),观察组白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)均低于对照组(P0.05)。B组、C组CRP、IL-6、IgA、IgM均高于A组,且C组高于B组(P0.05),B组、C组Alb、Hb、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均低于A组,且C组低于B组(P0.05),三组IgG比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,CRP、IL-6与Alb、Hb、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+呈负相关(P0.05),与IgA、IgM呈正相关(P0.05),与IgG不相关(P0.05)。结论:DN患者存在不同程度的微炎症、免疫功能下降以及营养不良状况,通过控制或消除促炎因子,提高机体免疫功能,改善机体营养状况,可能对延缓DN的病情发展具有一定的临床意义。     

Relation of Plasma Homocysteine to Plasma Amyloid Beta Levels

Background Elevated plasma homocysteine and amyloid β (Aβ) have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We investigated the cross-sectional association between these biomarkers. Methods We used linear regression to relate plasma homocysteine and Aβ adjusting for age, gender, creatinine, APOE-ε4, and ethnic group in 327 persons aged 78 ± 6.6 years. Results Plasma homocysteine correlated with age, serum creatinine, plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42, and was inversely correlated with serum vitamin B12, and folate. Aβ42, but not Aβ40, was related to later development of dementia. Homocysteine was related to higher Aβ40 levels (coefficient = 2.0; P < 0.0001) and this association was attenuated after adjustment for creatinine (coefficient = 1.0; P < 0.0001). The crude association between homocysteine and Aβ42 was weaker (coefficient = 0.5; P = 0.01) and became non-significant after adjustment for creatinine (coefficient = 0.4; P = 0.06). These associations were unrelated to ethnicity, the presence of APOE-ε4 or dementia. Analyses by quartiles of homocysteine showed that these association were driven primarily by the fourth quartile. Conclusions Plasma homocysteine is directly related to Aβ40. The association with Aβ42 is not significant. These results seem to indicate that homocysteine is related to aging but not specifically to AD. Special issue dedicated to John P. Blass.     

Plasma Jet-Assisted Synthesis of Graphene Using a DC Plasma Torch

Plasma Physics Reports - Conditions of substrate-free syntheses of graphene and graphene-based systems based on conversion of liquid and gaseous carbon precursors in helium, nitrogen, and argon...     

High-Density Helicon Plasma Source for Linear Plasma Generators

Plasma Physics Reports - Results of experiments on a linear facility with a helicon plasma source operating at a frequency of 13.56 MHz and a power of up to 15 kW are reported. In the experiments,...     

Plasma Reflectarrays

This paper investigates the design of four different configurations of plasma reflectarrays. The results provide insight into different radiation characteristics of plasma reflectarrays. The proposed unit cell consists of a cubic glass box filled with argon gas energized with applied AC voltage. The reflectarray reflection coefficient phase variation is achieved by varying the plasma frequency of the energized gas. Four plasma reflectarrays for satellite applications at 12 GHz are proposed (centre feed centre beam, centre feed offset beam, offset feed centre beam, and finally, offset feed offset beam). The finite integration technique is used to analyse the plasma reflectarray.     

Plasma fibronectin

Fibronectin (FN) is a glycoprotein (disulfite-bonded dimer of 200 to 220 Kd submits) found in a soluble form in blood (concentration 250--500 microg/ml), it can be removed from it by cryoprecipitation and affinity chromatography on gelatin or heparin-agarose. It is also found in an insoluble fibrillar form as a component of connective tissue matrix like collagen, proteoglycans... FN fundamentally forms molecular complexes with collagen, fibrinogen or fibrin, heparin, activated factor XIII, bacteria, cellular membranes..., these various proteins binding with now well known functional "domains" on subunits. Thus FN mediates adhesion of cells to cells as well to biomaterials or tissue, cell migration and chemotactic activity, tissue stromal organization... The transformed cultured cells in presence of oncogen virus loose ability to secrete FN which contribute to their invasive tendency. FN also interacts with hemostatic and fibrinolytic systems, as component of the subendothelium (secreted, like Willbrand factor, by endothelial cells) and of platelet alpha-granules released by stimulated platelets. FN could then provoke platelet spreading on the subendothelium surface after collagen-platelet adhesion, triggered by Willebrand factor, has happened. FN is a part of the fibrinous clot. It participates in anchorage of the clot to subendothelium and mediates its colonisation by fibroblasts, first step to wound reparation. Lastly FN probably has an important role in organism defence. It acts as a non-immunological opsonin, promoting phagocytosis by RES macrophages of bacteria, cellular or fibrin fragments, immune complexes... present in blood. Plasmatic FN concentration is strongly decreased in several ill patients following major trauma, extensive burns, shock, sepsis, with or not evidence of DIVC, of respiratory distress... SABA and various other authors have obtained good results after injections of FN (as cryoprecipitates or concentrated fractions). It is yet necessary to confirm therapeutic role of FN.     

Depletion of Plasma Albumin for Proteomic Analysis of Bothrops jararaca Snake Plasma

The proteomic analysis of plasma samples represents a challenge as a result of the presence of highly abundant proteins such as albumin. To enable the detection of biomarkers, which are commonly low-abundance proteins, in complex blood fluids, it is necessary to remove high-abundance proteins efficiently. Moreover, there is a range of about 10 orders of magnitude for the abundance of different protein species in serum. Here, we describe for the first time a study of reptilian albumin depletion using resins usually used in mammalian plasma depletion procedures. We performed the depletion of albumin from Bothrops jaraca plasma using the HiTrap Blue high-performance column (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA) and the kit Albumin & IgG Depletion SpinTrap column (GE Healthcare Life Sciences). In addition, proteomic approaches were used to analyze reptilian plasma. Our results showed that B. jararaca albumin bound to both columns, but those interactions were not enough to remove a large amount of albumin to reach an enrichment of low-abundance proteins. Although the depletion techniques used in this work were not the best to remove B. jararaca plasma albumin, our present work highlights the similarity between B. jararaca and mammalian albumin, contributing to the knowledge of comparative hemostatic proteins.