GST pull-down联合质谱筛选(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1在小鼠睾丸组织中的相互作用蛋白质北大核心CSCD

(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1(dystrobrevin binding protein 1,dysbindin-1)是溶酶体相关细胞器生物发生复合体-1(biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1,BLOC-1)的1个亚基,在多种组织细胞中广泛表达;然而,其在睾丸组织中的作用至今尚不明确。为寻找(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1在睾丸组织中的相互作用蛋白质,以进一步研究(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1在睾丸中的作用,本研究首先在Rosetta(DE3)菌种中表达可溶性GST-dysbindin-1融合蛋白,经谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖珠亲和纯化后,与小鼠的睾丸组织蛋白质孵育进行GST pull-down实验,并通过液相色谱串联质谱(LC MS/MS)分析筛选(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1在睾丸组织中的相互作用蛋白质。利用Bio GPS数据库聚类在睾丸组织中高表达和特异性表达的互作蛋白质,运用DAVID6.8在线分析工具从细胞组分、分子功能、生物学过程和KEGG通路等方面对筛选出的互作蛋白质进行GO(gene ontology)富集分析。本实验共筛选出108个(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1在睾丸组织中的潜在互作蛋白质,其中98个为尚未报道的(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1相互作用蛋白质,7个为睾丸高表达蛋白质,5个为睾丸特异性表达的蛋白质。这些候选蛋白质主要分布在细胞质、细胞核、细胞膜、细胞外泌体等细胞组分中,通过与蛋白质、核酸等分子结合参与蛋白质翻译和转运、囊泡运输及凋亡等生物学过程以及氨基酸生物合成、溶酶体及蛋白酶体等生物学通路。我们推测,在睾丸组织中(肌)营养不良短小蛋白结合蛋白1可能通过与多种蛋白质相互作用参与精子的发生和受精等过程。     

肝细胞生成素在睾丸组织中的相互作用蛋白

肝细胞生成素（HPO）具有复杂的生理功能,在睾丸中的高表达提示其在生殖活动中的重要性,而不仅局限于肝再生.构建了酵母表达载体pGBKT7-HPO,采用酵母双杂交系统,以HPO为诱饵蛋白,从人睾丸cDNA文库中寻找能够与HPO相互作用的蛋白质.经过筛选、验证阳性克隆,并进行PCR、测序和序列比对,得到4种相互作用蛋白质：NADH脱氢酶1、钠/钾ATP酶β3亚基、磷脂酶C δ1以及附睾分泌蛋白.提示HPO可能参与了细胞的蛋白质合成,能量代谢等.通过对候选蛋白的研究,为探讨HPO对睾丸组织细胞功能的调节机制提供了重要的线索.     

亚急性梭曼染毒豚鼠颈部脊髓差异表达蛋白分析

目的：利用蛋白质组学技术研究亚急性梭曼染毒豚鼠颈部脊髓中的差异表达蛋白,探讨梭曼中毒影响的主要生物学通路,为其中毒诊断、治疗及预后提供重要生物标志物。方法：以雄性成年豚鼠为研究对象,连续14天每天1次对豚鼠背部皮下注射梭曼(0.2×LD₅₀)进行亚急性染毒;末次染毒后取颈部脊髓组织,利用蛋白质组学技术分析梭曼染毒组与对照组之间的差异表达蛋白;利用KEGG数据库对差异表达蛋白进行功能注释与通路富集分析;对重要通路中的差异蛋白进行功能分析与讨论。结果：豚鼠颈部脊髓组织中共鉴定出通过KEGG库注释的蛋白质数目为3 563个;采用主成分分析和偏最小二乘法分析表明,梭曼染毒后共有407个差异表达蛋白,其中276个蛋白质表达上调,131个蛋白质表达下调,这些差异蛋白主要与代谢、遗传信息处理、环境信息处理、细胞过程、组织系统、人类疾病相关;上调蛋白质主要富集于27个通路(P<0.05),下调蛋白质主要富集于8个通路(P<0.05);上调蛋白质的主要富集通路包括吞噬体、紧密连接、细胞外基质-受体相互作用、PI3K-Akt信号通路、JAK-STAT信号通路、补体和凝血级...     

核蛋白MARVELD1与核质转运受体蛋白Importin β1相互作用的鉴定

核蛋白MARVELD1（MARVEL domain containing 1）是一个在多种肿瘤中表达下调的肿瘤相关基因. 为寻找其相互作用分子,构建pGEX-4T-2/MARVELD1重组体并在大肠杆菌中成功表达GST-MARVELD1融合蛋白. 采用GST pull-down 结合LC-MS/MS（液相色谱-串联质谱）的方法对MARVELD1蛋白的相互作用分子进行筛选,发现了16个与MARVELD1相互结合的蛋白. 进一步的免疫共沉淀实验证实, MARVELD1与核质转运受体蛋白importin β1能够相互作用,说明MARVELD1可能参与了importin β1的部分生物学作用, 或是它通过与importin β1结合而进入细胞核. 研究结果为进一步分析MARVELD1和importin β1的生物学功能奠定了基础.     

免疫共沉淀结合微流控芯片技术筛选GBLP相互作用蛋白

为了进一步阐明G蛋白β亚基2样1蛋白（guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta 2-like 1,GBLP）在普萘洛尔（propranolol,PRO）生物学效应发生机制中的作用,采用免疫共沉淀法结合液相色谱-芯片-离子阱串联质谱（HPLC-CHIP-IT-MS/MS）系统筛选并鉴定人脐静脉内皮细胞（human umbilical vein endothelial cell,HUVEC）中的GBLP相互作用蛋白.结果表明,有7种蛋白与GBLP存在相互作用,分别为酪蛋白α-S1、酪蛋白α-S2、β酪蛋白、桥粒芯蛋白1前体、α-烯醇化酶、果糖二磷酸醛缩酶C、硫氧还原蛋白过氧化物酶2.这些蛋白的生物信息学检索结果提示,GBLP可能参与了细胞的能量代谢调节和抗氧化机制,与普萘洛尔的生物学效应发生机制密切相关.     

基于蛋白互作网络识别非小细胞肺癌相关基因功能模块

本研究对非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung carcinoma,NSCLC)基因表达数据进行差异表达分析,并与蛋白质相互作用网络(PPIN)数据进行整合,进一步利用Heinz搜索算法识别NSCLC相关的基因功能模块,并对模块中的基因进行功能(GO term)和通路(KEGG)富集分析,旨在探究肺癌发病分子机制。蛋白互作网络分析得到一个包含96个基因和117个相互作用的功能模块,以及8个对NSCLC的发生和发展起到关键作用候选基因标志物。富集分析结果表明,这些基因主要富集于基因转录催化及染色质调控等生物学过程,并在基础转录因子、黏着连接、细胞周期、Wnt信号通路及HTLV-Ⅰ感染等生物学通路中发挥重要作用。本研究对非小细胞肺癌相关的基因和生物学通路进行预测,可用于肺癌的早期诊断和早期治疗,以降低肺癌死亡率。     

蛋白质组学技术对不同性别中国美利奴细毛羊(军垦型) 皮肤差异蛋白的筛选

旨在了解性别因素对绵羊毛性状的影响。以周岁雄性和雌性中国美利奴羊（军垦型）为研究对象,利用液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术和数据非依赖性采集策略的定量蛋白质组学技术筛选皮肤组织差异表达蛋白,并对筛选获得的差异蛋白进行基因本体（gene ontology,GO）功能注释、京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）代谢通路和蛋白互作分析。结果显示,共计筛选获得差异表达蛋白674种,其中,280种蛋白表达上调,394种蛋白表达下调;通过进一步分析发现,与皮肤毛囊发育及羊毛表型相关的差异蛋白有43种,上调差异蛋白30种,下调差异蛋白13种。GO注释结果显示,在分子功能方面,差异蛋白在氧结合、硫酸软骨素结合、亚铁血红素结合、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和转运活性等37个过程显著富集;在生物过程方面,差异蛋白在细胞氧化解毒作用、肌肉收缩调节、Notch信号通路、钙离子跨膜转运和谷胱甘肽新陈代谢等120个过程显著富集;在细胞组分方面,主要富集在肥大细胞颗粒、细胞核、肌质网状组织和内质网等31个过程。KEGG通路结果表明,这些差异蛋白涉及16条信号通路,其中,MAPK、P53信号通路和羊毛生长发育密切相关。蛋白质网络互作结果显示,COL1A1蛋白与MMP2、SPARC、THBS1等差异表达蛋白联系较为紧密,其可能在羊毛生长发育过程中发挥着关键作用。本研究为揭示不同性别绵羊毛性状的分子机制积累了基础数据。     

绿色荧光蛋白在蛋白质研究中的应用

绿色荧光蛋白（green fluorescent protein,GFP）自发现以来,由于具有自发荧光等特性,在分子生物学和细胞生物学领域得到广泛应用。GFP作为一种报道分子,在研究蛋白质相互作用和构象变化、检测蛋白质表达、蛋白质和细胞荧光示踪中,起到了重要的作用。该文通过对绿色荧光蛋白特性的分析．介绍其作为荧光标记在蛋白质研究中的应用,并展望进一步的研究前景。     

基于共表达网络和蛋白互作分析挖掘小麦赤霉病抗性相关核心蛋白

高通量蛋白组学技术能够鉴定小麦特定组织的蛋白表达水平,对小麦穗轴混池蛋白组学分析得到的632个差异表达蛋白数据进行共表达网络分析,同时筛选显著表达模块进行蛋白质互作分析,以期挖掘出与小麦赤霉病抗性相关的蛋白。WGCNA分析结果共构建了12个表达模块,其中模块6与赤霉病抗病呈极显著相关,模块8显著相关。蛋白互作网络分析筛选到7个候选蛋白,分别为参与毒素降解的GST （glutathione S?transferase）和AdoMet?MTase（S?adenosylmethionine?dependent methyltransferase）,参与光合作用的IM30（membrane?associated 30 Da, chloroplastic）、PnsL2（photosynthetic NDH subcomplex L 2）和PPL1（PsbP?like protein 1）,以及抗逆相关的UCHL（ubiquitin carboxyl?terminal hydrolase）和MetAP2（methionine aminopeptidase 2）。这些蛋白可能在赤霉病抗、感病响应中具有重要作用,值得进一步研究。     

幽门螺杆菌毒素蛋白CagA诱导的蛋白的差异表达分析及其基因在胃癌组织中的表达

为了研究胃癌细胞中幽门螺杆菌(Hp)毒素蛋白CagA诱导的蛋白差异表达及其基因在人胃癌组织中的表达,用Hp感染胃癌细胞系SGC 7901和AGS及用含CagA基因的表达载体稳定转染SGC 7901细胞, 构建3组实验模型.提取各组细胞的总蛋白进行双向凝胶电泳,筛选3组重叠的差异表达蛋白质斑点进行质谱鉴定.共获得135个差异表达的蛋白质,其中上调蛋白质73个,下调蛋白质62个. 鉴定出10个差异表达蛋白质, 其中有6个差异表达蛋白是首次发现,它们主要参与细胞的能量代谢和信号转导等.最后定量检测了这10个差异表达蛋白基因在人胃癌组织中的表达, 发现有4个基因高表达和1个基因低表达. 本结果将为研究幽门螺杆菌感染引起胃癌的分子机制提供新的线索.     

Towards a comprehensive analysis of the protein phosphatase 1 interactome in Drosophila

Protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) is one of the major classes of serine/threonine protein phosphatases, and has been found in all eukaryotic cells examined to date. Metazoans from Drosophila to humans have multiple genes encoding catalytic subunits of PP1 (PP1c), which are involved in a wide range of biological processes. Different PP1c isoforms have pleiotropic and overlapping functions; this has complicated the analysis of their biological roles and the identification of specific in vivo substrates. PP1c isoforms are associated in vivo with regulatory subunits that target them to specific locations and modify their substrate specificity and activity. The PP1c-binding proteins are therefore the key to understanding the role of PP1 in particular biological processes. The existence of isoform specific PP1c-binding subunits may also help to explain the unique roles of different PP1c isoforms. Here we report the identification of 24 genes encoding Drosophila PP1c-binding proteins in the yeast two-hybrid system. Sequence analysis identified a minimal interacting fragment and putative PP1c-binding motif for each protein, delimiting the region involved in binding to PP1c. Further two-hybrid analysis showed that virtually all of the interactors were capable of binding all Drosophila PP1c isoforms. One of the novel interactors, CG1553, was examined further and shown to interact with multiple isoforms by co-immunoprecipitation from Drosophila extracts and functional interaction with PP1c isoforms in vivo. Bioinformatic analyses implicate the putative PP1c-associated subunits in a diverse array of intracellular processes. Our identification of a large number of PP1c-binding proteins with the potential for directing PP1c's specific functions in Drosophila represents a significant step towards a full understanding of the range of PP1 complexes and function in animals.     

Yeast two-hybrid screens imply that GGNBP1, GGNBP2 and OAZ3 are potential interaction partners of testicular germ cell-specific protein GGN1

Gametogenetin (Ggn) is a testicular germ cell-specific gene specifically expressed from late pachytene spermatocytes through round spermatids. The function of gametogenetin protein 1 (GGN1) remains unknown. Here, we used the yeast two-hybrid approach to look for more GGN1 interacting proteins. We found that gametogenetin binding protein 1 (GGNBP1), gametogenetin binding protein 2 (GGNBP2) and ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 (OAZ3) were potential GGN1 interaction partners. We determined the regions mediating the interactions and further showed the interactions between the proteins in mammalian cells by colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Our work suggested that GGN1, GGNBP1, GGNBP2 and OAZ3 could be involved in a common process associated with spermatogenesis.     

应用蛋白组方法筛选血浆中乙肝病毒PreS1结合蛋白

目的筛选血浆中乙型肝炎病毒PreS1结合蛋白。方法表达纯化了PreS1-谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（glutathione—S-transferase,GST）融合蛋白,利用该蛋白与血浆进行Pull—down实验,并设立GST与血浆Pull—down,GST、PreS1-GST与PBS Pull—down对照,Pull-down产物进行双向电泳分离（2-DE）,差异蛋白点通过质谱鉴定。结果成功表达纯化出PreS1-GST融合蛋白,通过双向电泳分析发现一个PreS1特异结合蛋白,经质谱鉴定为含锚蛋白重复序列的蛋白57（ANKRD57）。结论锚蛋白重复序列的主要功能是介导蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用,ANKRD57与PreS1特异结合后的生理功能值得深入研究。     

用表面等离子体共振技术筛选与禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1相互作用的蛋白

目的：筛选与禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1相互作用的蛋白。方法：表达禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1,经Ni^2＋柱亲和层析纯化,用表面等离子体共振（SPR）技术捕获BHK-21细胞裂解液中与M1相互作用的细胞蛋白,并进行质谱分析。结果：获得了纯度在85%以上的基质蛋白M1,并利用此蛋白捕获到宿主细胞肌球蛋白重链6。结论：肌球蛋白重链6与禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1可能存在体外相互作用。     

Mammalian CHORD-containing protein 1 is a novel heat shock protein 90-interacting protein

With two tandem repeated cysteine- and histidine-rich domains (designated as CHORD), CHORD-containing proteins (CHPs) are a novel family of highly conserved proteins that play important roles in plant disease resistance and animal development. Through interacting with suppressor of the G2 allele of Skp1 (SGT1) and Hsp90, plant CHORD-containing protein RAR1 (required for Mla resistance 1) plays a critical role in disease resistance mediated by multiple R genes. Yet, the physiological function of vertebrate CHORD-containing protein-1 (Chp-1) has been poorly investigated. In this study, we provide the first biochemical evidence demonstrating that mammalian Chp-1 is a novel Hsp90-interacting protein. Mammalian Chp-1 contains two CHORD domains (I and II) and one CS domain (a domain shared by CHORD-containing proteins and SGT1). With sequence and structural similarity to Hsp90 co-chaperones p23 and SGT1, Chp-1 binds to the ATPase domain of Hsp90, but the biochemical property of the interaction is unique. The Chp-1-Hsp90 interaction is independent of ATP and ATPase-coupled conformational change of Hsp90, a feature that distinguishes Chp-1 from p23. Furthermore, it appears that multiple domains of Chp-1 are required for stable Chp-1-Hsp90 interaction. Unlike SGT1 whose CS domain is sufficient for Hsp90 binding, the CS domain of Chp-1 is essential but not sufficient for Hsp90 binding. While the CHORD-I domain of Chp-1 is dispensable for Hsp90 binding, the CHORD-II domain and the linker region are essential. Interestingly, the CHORD-I domain of plant RAR1 protein is solely responsible for Hsp90 binding. The unique Chp-1-Hsp90 interaction may be indicative of a distinct biological activity of Chp-1 and functional diversification of CHORD-containing proteins during evolution.     

PYR/PYL/RCAR family members are major in‐vivo ABI1 protein phosphatase 2C‐interacting proteins in Arabidopsis

Abscisic acid (ABA) mediates resistance to abiotic stress and controls developmental processes in plants. The group‐A PP2Cs, of which ABI1 is the prototypical member, are protein phosphatases that play critical roles as negative regulators very early in ABA signal transduction. Because redundancy is thought to limit the genetic dissection of early ABA signalling, to identify redundant and early ABA signalling proteins, we pursued a proteomics approach. We generated YFP‐tagged ABI1 Arabidopsis expression lines and identified in vivo ABI1‐interacting proteins by mass‐spectrometric analyses of ABI1 complexes. Known ABA signalling components were isolated including SnRK2 protein kinases. We confirm previous studies in yeast and now show that ABI1 interacts with the ABA‐signalling kinases OST1, SnRK2.2 and SnRK2.3 in plants. Interestingly, the most robust in planta ABI1‐interacting proteins in all LC‐MS/MS experiments were nine of the 14 PYR/PYL/RCAR proteins, which were recently reported as ABA‐binding signal transduction proteins, providing evidence for in vivo PYR/PYL/RCAR interactions with ABI1 in Arabidopsis. ABI1–PYR1 interaction was stimulated within 5 min of ABA treatment in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, in contrast, PYR1 and SnRK2.3 co‐immunoprecipitated equally well in the presence and absence of ABA. To investigate the biological relevance of the PYR/PYLs, we analysed pyr1/pyl1/pyl2/pyl4 quadruple mutant plants and found strong insensitivities in ABA‐induced stomatal closure and ABA‐inhibition of stomatal opening. These findings demonstrate that ABI1 can interact with several PYR/PYL/RCAR family members in Arabidopsis, that PYR1–ABI1 interaction is rapidly stimulated by ABA in Arabidopsis and indicate new SnRK2 kinase‐PYR/PYL/RCAR interactions in an emerging model for PYR/PYL/RCAR‐mediated ABA signalling.     

应用蛋白组学方法筛选和鉴定乙型肝炎病毒PreS1结合蛋白

前S1蛋白（PreS1）在乙型肝炎病毒与宿主的相互作用中起至关重要的作用．为筛选乙型肝炎病毒PreS1结合蛋白,进一步探讨其在病毒感染过程中的作用,原核表达、纯化了PreS1-谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（glutathione-S-transferase,GST）融合蛋白,利用此蛋白与HepG2细胞裂解液进行Pull-down实验,其产物进行双向凝胶电泳分离. 结果发现2个PreS1特异结合蛋白,经质谱鉴定为分子伴侣蛋白——葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)和葡萄糖调节蛋白75(GRP75)．通过免疫共沉淀和Western印迹分析证实,PreS1与GRP75之间存在相互作用．实验结果表明,GRP75为新发现乙型肝炎病毒PreS1特异结合蛋白,其与PreS1结合后的生理功能以及在HBV感染过程中的作用值得深入研究．     

奥利亚罗非鱼DMRT1和DMRT4抗体制备及组织表达谱分析

DMRT1和DMRT4是DMRT基因家族的成员,该家族成员与果蝇的性别决定基因和线虫性别决定基因一样,所编码的蛋白质都包含一个具有DNA结合能力的保守基序,即DM结构域,并以锌指结构与特异DNA序列相结合,在性别决定和分化发育中起调控作用。采用RT-PCR方法分别从奥利亚罗非鱼卵巢和精巢中扩增克隆出DMRT1和DMRT4全长cDNA片段,构建表达载体,在大肠杆菌中表达了BMP-DMRT4和BMP-DMRT1蛋白。经Xa切割、Amylose-sepharose柱层析纯化后作为抗原免疫新西兰白兔制备了DMRT1和DMRT4多克隆抗体,并进行纯化。对纯化多抗进行Western blot分析,结果表明获得了高特异性的DMRT1和DMRT4抗体。为了观察DMRT1和DMRT4在组织中的表达谱,首先,我们通过实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测雌雄奥利亚罗非鱼多种组织mRNA的表达,仅在卵巢和脑中检测到DMRT4,在精巢中检测到DMRT1;其次,制备了多种组织匀浆蛋白,使用纯化的抗体进行Western blot分析,仅分别在卵巢和精巢中检测到DMRT4和DMRT1蛋白的表达;制备多种奥利亚罗非鱼组织切片,使用纯化的DMRT4和DMRT1多抗进行免疫组织化学分析,发现DMRT4仅在卵巢表达,而DMRT1仅在精巢表达。这些结果有助于阐明DMRT4和DMRT1的功能及在鱼类性别调控中的作用。