阿达木单抗注射液联合白芍总苷治疗甲氨蝶呤不耐受型类风湿关节炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨阿达木单抗注射液联合白芍总苷治疗甲氨蝶呤不耐受风湿关节炎患者的临床疗效。方法:收集我院治疗的86例甲氨蝶呤不耐受的类风湿关节炎患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组43例。对照组患者给予阿达木单抗注射液治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予白芍总苷胶囊治疗。观察并比较两组患者的晨僵时间、血沉(ESR)、类风湿因子(FR)以及临床疗效进行检测并比较。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者的晨僵时间、血沉(ESR)、类风湿因子(FR)水平均下降(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的晨僵时间、血沉(ESR)、类风湿因子(FR)水平较低(P0.05),临床治疗有效率较高(P0.05)。结论:阿达木单抗注射液联合白芍总苷能够降低甲氨蝶呤不耐受的类风湿关节炎患者的ESR、FR水平,改善患者的临床症状,临床疗效较好。     

雷公藤多甙片与甲氨喋呤联合治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效及对炎症因子的影响

目的:研究雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效及对血清炎症因子的影响。方法:选取2014年1月-2015年8月我院收治的RA患者60例,按治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组应用雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗,对照组单纯应用甲氨蝶呤治疗,对比两组的临床疗效及治疗前后临床症状、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及类风湿因子(RF)水平。结果:观察组的总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的73.33%(P0.05);治疗后观察组的临床症状(晨僵时间、关节压痛及肿胀数、关节疼痛度及肿胀指数)均较对照组明显改善(P0.05);治疗后两组血清ESR、CRP、RF水平均降低,且观察组明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组不良反应率为13.33%,低于对照组的10.00%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗RA能够有效控制炎症反应,改善临床症状,临床疗效显著,且不增加副反应,是一种安全可靠的联合治疗方案,值得推广应用。     

雷公藤多苷联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎活动期患者的疗效及对血清CD62p、CD41的影响

目的:探讨雷公藤多苷联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)活动期患者的疗效及对血清释放黏附分子CD62p、CD41的影响。方法:选择2015年6月至2017年6月我院接诊的90例类RA活动期患者作为研究对象,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=45)和对照组(n=45),对照组口服甲氨蝶呤治疗,观察组联合雷公藤多苷片治疗,均连续用药12周。比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后临床症状评分、实验室指标[红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血小板计数(PLT)]及血清CD62p、CD41的变化,并比较治疗期间不良反应。结果:观察组临床疗效总有效率为91.11%(41/45),明显高于对照组的66.67%(30/45)(P0.05);治疗后,两组临床症状评分及实验室指标较治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),观察组晨僵时间、关节疼痛、关节肿胀、关节压痛评分及ESR、CRP、PLT均明显比对照组,比较均具有显著差异(P0.05);治疗后,两组血清CD62p、CD41较治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),观察组血清CD62p、CD41均明显低于对照组[(16.58±2.10)%vs(25.46±2.58)%,(67.83±11.03)%vs(76.40±13.45)%](P0.05);两组治疗期间肝肾功能均未发生异常,两组头痛、皮疹、胃肠道反应、感染、脱发发生率均无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:在RA活动期患者中使用雷公藤多苷联合甲氨蝶呤效果显著,可有效改善临床症状及实验室指标,其内在机制可能和降低血清CD62p、CD41的表达相关,且联合用药安全性高,值得应用推广。     

阿达木单抗联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效研究

目的:评估阿达木单抗(ADA)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效与安全性。方法:选取在我院风湿科治疗的203例RA患者,将患者随机分为MTX单药治疗组(MTX组,n=101)与ADA联合MTX(ADA-MTX组,n=102)治疗组。记录患者的临床资料,检测患者实验室指标,比较患者的临床特征与不良反应发生率。结果:ADA-MTX组患者肿胀减轻、VAS评分降低、压痛减轻的患者比率与总有效率显著高于MTX组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与MTX组比较,ADA-MTX组第12周、24周临床特征(晨僵时间、关节压痛数、关节肿胀数与DAS28评分)显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与MTX组第24周值比较,ADA-MTX组患者的生活质量评分显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。ADA-MTX组与MTX组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(12.7%vs 14.9%,P=0.651)。结论:阿达木单抗联合甲氨蝶呤可明显改善类风湿关节炎患者实验室指标与临床体征、症状,从而减少患者功能障碍,提高患者生活质量,且具有良好的耐受性与安全性。     

沙利度胺联合甲氨喋呤与羟氯喹治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效分析

目的:探讨沙利度胺(THD)联合甲氨喋呤(MTX)、羟氯喹(HCQ)治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效。方法:82例RA患者随机分为观察组(n=41)与对照组(n=41),对照组给予MTX治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用THD与HCQ,对比两组患者临床疗效。结果:观察组有效率为90.2%,显著高于对照组的70.7%(P0.05);治疗前、治疗后1个月两组患者肿胀关节数、压痛关节数、晨僵时间、ESR、CRP、RF、VAS比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后2、3、4、5、6个月比较观察组各观察指标均显著优于对照组(P0.05);两组患者治疗过程中血细胞降低、消化道症状、呼吸道感染、月经紊乱、皮疹、ALT升高、头晕嗜睡、口腔溃疡等不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:沙利度胺联合甲氨喋呤、羟氯喹用于类风湿关节炎患者的治疗,能够有效延缓病情的进展、缓解患者痛苦,同时减少了药物的不良反应,为临床提供了新的治疗方法。     

甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿性关节炎的疗效及对血清 CRP、IL-8及 TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)的疗效及对患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法:选择2015年1月至2017年3月我院收治的RA患者106例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(53例)和对照组(53例),两组均给予常规治疗,对照组加用甲氨蝶呤治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用来氟米特治疗,治疗4个月后,评价两组患者的临床疗效、临床症状,并对比两组患者血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平变化。结果:治疗4个月后,观察组临床总有效率为96.23(51/53),高于对照组的79.25(42/53),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前两组晨僵时间、压痛关节数、肿胀关节数等主要临床症状比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4个月后,两组晨僵时间较治疗前缩短,压痛及肿胀关节数减少,且观察组晨僵时间短于对照组,压痛及肿胀关节数少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4个月后,两组血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间,观察组药物相关不良反应发生率为13.21(7/53),与对照组的11.32(6/53)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗RA的疗效理想,可显著改善患者的临床症状及降低血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平。     

复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒辅助治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎的临床效果观察

目的:评价复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒治疗活动期类风湿关节炎痰瘀互结证的临床有效性和安全性。方法:选择2013年2月～2015年5月在上海光华中西医结合医院类风关内科门诊及住院的活动性痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎患者63例,按治疗方式分为对照组33例和中西医结合治疗组30例,对照组采用西医治疗(甲氨蝶呤+青霉胺),治疗组采用中西医结合治疗(复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒+甲氨蝶呤+青霉胺)。治疗12周后,比较两组患者的临床疗效及各项观察指标的改善情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者晨僵持续时间、关节肿胀数、关节压痛数、中医症候积分、血沉(ESR)、血清CRP水平,疼痛VAS评分、患者总体状态自我VAS评分及DAS28评分均较治疗前显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者的上述各项指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间,两组患者均未出现严重不良反应而中断治疗的情况,监测肝肾功能指标均未发现明显异常。结论:复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒辅助治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎的临床疗效确切,明显优于单用西医治疗,其有助于增强西医治疗对患者临床症状的缓解效果,提高患者的生活质量,且用药安全。     

小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎的临床研究

目的:前瞻性观察小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效。方法:32例类风湿关节炎病例随机进入治疗组及对照组。治疗方案治疗组采用小剂量来氟米特(略去负荷剂量,每日剂量10mg维持),对照组使用柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗,1.5-2.0g/日。观察期6个月,观察指标为主要疗效指标:肿胀、压痛关节数、患者及医师对疾病状况总体评价;次要疗效指标疼痛视觉模拟评分、晨僵时间、美国风湿病学会疗效评价指标(ACR20、50)、健康评价问卷(HAQ)、C反应蛋白。结果:治疗6个月后,主要疗效指标压痛、肿胀关节数改善及医师总体评价,来氟米特均优于柳氮磺胺吡啶(p<0.05)。在次要疗效指标方面,来氟米特组HAQ评分及C反应蛋白改善优于柳氮磺胺吡啶组(p<0.05),两组在关节晨僵改善无明显差异。达到ACR20标准的病例,来氟米特组占56.3%,柳氮磺胺吡啶组占57.1%(p>0.05);达到ACR50标准分别为37.5%、35.7%(p>0.05)。研究中,来氟米特组胃肠道反应轻微,有2例出现血压升高。结论:小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎治疗活动性类风湿关节炎,与柳氮磺胺吡啶疗效相当,耐受性好。     

老年类风湿关节炎患者应用MTX或LEF联合糖皮质激素治疗的效果观察

目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤(MTX)或来氟米特(LEF)联合泼尼松(PDN)对老年类风湿关节炎的疗效。方法:选取112例老年RA患者,按随机数表法将患者分为LEF组(n=28)、MTX组(n=28)、LET+PDN组(n=28)、MTX+PDN组(n=28),治疗3个月后统计四组关节肿胀数、关节压痛数、DAS28评分、VAS评分、RF、晨僵时间,并记录不良反应事件。结果:MTX组和LEF组治疗后各项指标均低于治疗前(P0.05);MTX+PDN组与LEF+PDN组治疗后各项指标均明显低于治疗前(P0.001);MTX+PDN组治疗效果明显优于MTX组(P0.001);LEF+PDN组治疗效果明显优于LEF组(P0.001);MTX+PDN组治疗总有效率为53.57%,高于LEF+PDN组的42.86%,但差异无统计学意义(x~2=2.426,P=0.119)。结论:四组对RA均有治疗效果,联合使用效果更佳,且服药后无严重不良反应,安全性较高。     

甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特对类风湿关节炎患者炎症因子和免疫球蛋白的影响

目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者炎症因子和免疫球蛋白的影响。方法:选取于2016年6月-2017年10月期间我院收治的92例RA患者,根据乱数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=46)与研究组(n=46)。对照组给予口服甲氨蝶呤片,研究组则在对照组的基础上联合来氟米特片治疗。两组均治疗3个月。比较两组患者临床疗效、临床症状改善情况,检测两组患者治疗前后炎症因子、免疫球蛋白水平,观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组患者治疗后的临床总有效率为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组患者的78.26%(36/46)(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后晨僵时间、压痛关节数、肿胀关节数均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。结论:甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗RA患者效果优于单用甲氨蝶呤治疗,可改善患者临床症状,同时降低Ig G、Ig A、Ig M以及炎症因子水平,无严重不良反应发生。     

生物素标记寡核苷酸探针检测B群轮状病毒

用５′端接氨基标记法,用生物素对Ｂ群轮状病毒（ＧＢＲＶ）ＩＤＩＲ株具有群特异性的３片段基因上２３ｂｐ寡核苷酸序列进行标记,经高效薄层层析板（ＨＰＴＬＣ）纯化,制备了Ｂ群轮状病毒生物素寡核苷酸探针,探针显色灵敏度达１０Ｐｇ,与ＧＢＲＶ、ＫＢ６３株基因杂交可检测到１００ｐｇ靶序列,而与Ａ群和Ｃ群轮状病毒及无关基因均不产生杂交信号,该探针可用于Ｂ群轮状病毒的检测、鉴定,以及同群不同毒株间基因相关性研究。     

Mind-altering with the gut: Modulation of the gut-brain axis with probiotics

It is increasingly evident that bidirectional interactions exist among the gastrointestinal tract, the enteric nervous system, and the central nervous system. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in these gut-brain interactions. Furthermore, alterations in gut microbiota composition may be associated with pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, including stress, autism, depression, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, the concepts of the microbiota-gut-brain axis is emerging. Here, we review the role of gut microbiota in bidirectional interactions between the gut and the brain, including neural, immune-mediated, and metabolic mechanisms. We highlight recent advances in the understanding of probiotic modulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders via the gut-brain axis.     

Microorganisms associated with the retting of flax treated with the herbicide glyphosate

Greater numbers of fungi were isolated from stems of flax following treatment with the herbicide glyphosate than from untreated stems although there was also a general increase in numbers with time. The fungal genera isolated were the same from both treated and untreated plants, the most common being Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Epicoccum and Botrytis with Cladosporium being predominant. Populations of bacteria were generally not enhanced after glyphosate treatment. Partial dew-retting of crops resulted in the reduction in numbers of Cladosporium compared with conventionally-treated flax. The increase in numbers of fungi was associated with an increase in retting. Overretting also occurred, particularly in discrete pale areas on the stem. These were associated with colonisation by Botrytis cinerea and the tensile strength of fibres from these areas was 15 times weaker than from surrounding darker areas of the stem. Light microscopy showed death of cells after glyphosate application, followed by invasion and degradation of the epidermis and cortex by fungi and other microorganisms. Fibre bundles were partially dissociated but the individual fibres remained largely intact as did the xylem and medulla.     

Regeneration of the acorn worm pygochord with the implication for its convergent evolution with the notochord

The origin of the notochord is a central issue in chordate evolution. This study examined the development of the acorn worm pygochord, a putative homologue of the notochord. Because the pygochord differentiates only after metamorphosis, the developmental was followed process by inducing regeneration after artificial amputation in Ptychodera flava. It was found that although the regeneration of the posterior part of the body did not proceed via formation of an obvious regeneration bud, pygochord regeneration was observed within a few weeks, possibly via trans-differentiation of endoderm cells. The expression of the fibrillary collagen gene (Fcol) and elav in the pygochord during regeneration was detected. This indicates that pygochord cells are not part of gut epithelial cells, but that they differentiated as a distinct cell type. Our gene expression analyses do not provide supporting evidence for the homology between the pygochord and notochord, but rather favored the convergent evolution between them.     

Hunting with Polar Bears: Problems with the Passive Properties of the Commons

Inuit in Canada’s Arctic conceptualize both human hunters and their polar bear prey as active participants in the hunt and as part of a larger socio-economic system requiring the involvement of both humans and animals. Although often treated through the lens of common-pool resource theory, the Inuit viewpoint conflicts with Western wildlife management systems that typically treat animals, and nature in general, as passive. When polar bears are understood as active participants in the hunt, the rights associated with common property regimes and assumptions about collective-choice decisions in common-pool resource management require significant revision. In this paper we argue that common-pool resource theories which assume natural resources are inherently passive cannot adequately account for the system of active relationships operating among Inuit in Arctic Canada. The co-management system of Nunavut Territory, Canada, uses a flexible quota approach, which, while following conservation guidelines, allows some space for the traditional Inuit-polar bear system to operate. This example shows how common-pool resources may be managed sustainably without the attendant assumption that natural resources exist passively outside of common-pool resource regimes.