CELL-DYN1700血液分析仪试剂的研制与应用

目的　为了降低实验成本而研制一种稳定性、准确性良好的配套试剂。　方法　研制试剂采用Na Cl、 Na HPO4、 KH2 PO4、 EDTA- Na2 为稀释液 ,稀释中加入适量酶、表面活性剂为清洗液 ,CH3( CH2 ) 11N+ ( CH3) 3Br-为溶血剂。测定两种试剂的理化指标、Hb吸收光谱、溶血速度 ,以及清洁度的比较 ;并在 CELL- DYN170 0血液分析仪上进行两种试剂的对比试验。　结果　与进口试剂比较 ,重复性、准确性、稳定性 ,两者无显著性差异 ( P >0 .0 5,平均 r=0 .96 831) ,研制试剂通过测定 CELL- DYN系列专用质控品试验 ,结果与靶值很接近 ,准确性良好 ,试剂存放半年 ,检测本底几乎为零。　结论　研制试剂可替代进口试剂用于临床 ,成本约为进口试剂的 2 0 % ,临床应用效果满意     

关于两种全自动生化分析仪校准周期的对比研究

目的:对日立H7180、奥林帕斯Au640全自动生化分析仪校准周期的对比分析。方法:相同条件下,两生化分析仪进行定标校准后,每隔2小时测定高、中、低3种浓度的质控血清各一次直到24 h,后每间隔24 h测定一次,共测定30 d,检测项目均重复测定4次取平均值。从校准完成后开始计时到累积变异系数(CV)大于1/6 CLIA'88允许误差时终止,确定该项目的校准周期。通过绘制校准周期图获得两种全自动生化分析仪不同检测项目的校准周期,并对结果进行对比分析。结果:以碱性磷酸酶(ALP)为例绘制校准周期图,进行对比分析。各检测项目在日立H7180中,低水平质控CV最先达到校准要求,高水平质控CV最后达到校准要求;而在奥林帕斯Au640中,中水平质控CV最先达到校准要求,高水平质控CV最后达到校准要求。结论:日立H7180和奥林帕斯Au640全自动生化分析仪,其校准周期基本一致,个别项目存在差异。     

科学确立奥林帕斯Au640 全自动生化分析仪校准周期

目的:利用校准周期图科学确立奥林帕斯Au640全自动生化分析仪校准周期。方法:生化分析仪定标校准后,每隔2小时分别测定三种浓度水平的质控血清一次,24小时后每天测定一次,总计测定30天。所有检测项目均重复测定四次取平均值。以积变异系数(CV)大于1/6 CLIA’88为评价标准,绘制校准周期图。结果:碱性磷酸酶(ALP)L1校准周期最短每12 h一次。酶类项目较稳定,校准周期可达30天以上,低水平质控血清必不可少,这样有利于测得更为准确的校准周期。结论:科学、合理地确立各检测项目的校准周期,对生化分析仪检测系统进行定期校准,既能够避免不必要的校准、又能够节省检验工作的时间和成本,保证生化检验项目检测结果可靠性。     

新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM /IgG抗体检测试剂的研制及性能评价

目的:建立新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)IgM /IgG胶体金抗体联合检测试剂的制备方法,并对检测试剂的性能指标进行评价。方法: 采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金溶液,分别用刺突蛋白(S蛋白)受体结合域(receptor binding domain, RBD)和核衣壳蛋白(nucleocapsid protein, NP)作为标记抗原,硝酸纤维素膜上包被鼠抗人IgM单抗(M线)和鼠抗人IgG单抗(G线),并用二硝基苯酚-牛血清白蛋白(DNP-BSA)和兔抗DNP多抗为独立C线质控系统制备胶体金检测试剂;比较RBD蛋白和NP蛋白临床测试符合率,选取较优抗原制备检测试剂,对试剂交叉、干扰反应性,加速稳定性及临床诊断特异性和灵敏度进行性能评价。结果: RBD蛋白临床测试总符合率 98.48%(389/395);NP蛋白临床测试总符合率89.11%(352/395),RBD蛋白总符合率高于NP蛋白。选用RBD蛋白制备检测试剂盒,与13种常见病原体抗体阳性样本均无交叉反应;样本中的甘油三酯、血红蛋白、胆红素、类风湿因子(RF)、人抗鼠抗体(HAMA)、抗核抗体(ANA)对测试结果无干扰。试剂盒50℃加速破坏6周稳定。临床确诊样本及排除样本测试,IgM灵敏度为78.31%(65/83),特异性为98.90%(721/729);IgG灵敏度为92.77%(77/83),特异性为99.31%(724/729);IgM和IgG联合检测灵敏度为92.77%(77/83),特异性为98.35%(717/729);一致性检验Kappa值为0.883 0,P<0.05。结论: 2019-nCoV IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂(胶体金法)检测性能的特异性和灵敏度高,检测速度快,操作便携,可作为已有的2019-nCoV核酸检测法的补充手段。     

新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂的研制及性能评价

目的:建立新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV) IgM/IgG胶体金抗体联合检测试剂的制备方法,并对检测试剂的性能指标进行评价。方法:采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金溶液,分别用刺突蛋白(S蛋白)受体结合域(receptor binding domain,RBD)和核衣壳蛋白(nucleocapsid protein,NP)作为标记抗原,硝酸纤维素膜上包被鼠抗人IgM单抗(M线)和鼠抗人IgG单抗(G线),并用二硝基苯酚-牛血清白蛋白(DNP-BSA)和兔抗DNP多抗为独立C线质控系统制备胶体金检测试剂;比较RBD蛋白和NP蛋白临床测试符合率,选取较优抗原制备检测试剂,对试剂交叉、干扰反应性,加速稳定性及临床诊断特异性和灵敏度进行性能评价。结果:RBD蛋白临床测试总符合率98.48%(389/395); NP蛋白临床测试总符合率89.11%(352/395),RBD蛋白总符合率高于NP蛋白。选用RBD蛋白制备检测试剂盒,与13种常见病原体抗体阳性样本均无交叉反应;样本中的甘油三酯、血红蛋白、胆红素、类风湿因子(RF)、人抗鼠抗体(HAMA)、抗核抗体(ANA)对测试结果无干扰。试剂盒50℃加速破坏6周稳定。临床确诊样本及排除样本测试,IgM灵敏度为78.31%(65/83),特异性为98.90%(721/729); IgG灵敏度为92.77%(77/83),特异性为99.31%(724/729); IgM和IgG联合检测灵敏度为92.77%(77/83),特异性为98.35%(717/729);一致性检验Kappa值为0.883 0,P 0.05。结论:2019-nCoV IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂(胶体金法)检测性能的特异性和灵敏度高,检测速度快,操作便携,可作为已有的2019-nCoV核酸检测法的补充手段。     

国产HBVDNAPCR试剂的质量研究

首次利用中国药品生物制品检定所建立的一套国家参考品对国内几个厂家的ＰＣＲ试剂进行检测,检测过程中发现这几家国产ＰＣＲ试剂都是利用原血清直接扩增ＨＢＶＤＮＡ,比较快速,且灵敏度较高,但也存在一些问题需要更深入的研究。同时对这几家ＰＣＲ试剂的临床应用价值做了讨论,并讨论了应注意的几个问题     

病毒特异性IgM抗体定性检测试剂性能研究要点概述

病毒特异性IgM抗体检测是发现病原体早期感染的重要手段之一,目前该类产品定性体外诊断试剂尚无行业标准发布。本文依据体外诊断试剂现行法规和此类试剂自身特点,分析其产品性能研究要求,对该类试剂主要原材料研究、主要生产工艺及反应体系研究、最低检测限(分析灵敏度)、分析特异性、精密度、钩状效应、稳定性研究等方面进行解析,阐述病毒特异性IgM抗体定性检测试剂性能研究要点,为从事该类产品注册申报前性能研究的行业人员提供参考。     

应用酶联免疫竞争层析技术检测乳品中β-内酰胺类抗生素残留

目的:开发乳品中β-内酰胺类抗生素残留的快速检测系统.方法:应用酶联免疫竞争层析技术,开发了BioQuick快速检测系统.通过绘制检测曲线推算灵敏度,通过重复试验确定精确度,通过与非β-内酰胺类抗生素反应确定交叉反应率.结果:通过与国外同类型试剂的实验对比分析,该检测系统在使用方便性、检测灵敏度、精密度以及交叉反应数据方面具有优势,是一种操作简便、快速,灵敏度和精密度能够达到检测要求,符合国际标准,并优于国外同类型检测试剂.结论:该检测系统适用于我国各奶牛场、乳品企业以及食品安全监控机构.     

新型冠状病毒胶体金抗原快速检测试剂的研制及性能评价*

目的:建立新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)胶体金抗原快速检测试剂的制备方法,并对检测试剂的性能指标进行评价。方法:采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金溶液,用鼠抗核衣壳蛋白(nucleocapsid protein, NP)单克隆抗体及二硝基苯酚-牛血清白蛋白(DNP-BSA)作为标记抗体,硝酸纤维素膜上分别包被鼠抗核衣壳蛋白单克隆抗体和兔抗DNP多抗作为检测线和质控线制备免疫胶体金试纸条;对试剂最低检出限、交叉反应性、加速稳定性及临床诊断特异性和灵敏度进行性能评价。结果:检测热灭活培养物的最低检出限为2.0×10² TCID₅₀/mL;测试16种常见呼吸道病原体高浓度样本均无交叉反应;试剂盒50℃加速破坏8周稳定。临床及健康人群鼻咽拭子样本测试,诊断灵敏度为96.67%(29/30),特异性为99.23%(129/130),总符合率为98.75%(158/160);一致性检验Kappa值为0.959 0,P<0.05。结论:SARS-CoV-2胶体金抗原快速检测试剂检测灵敏度和特异性高,检测速度快,操作便携,无需设备,肉眼观察,可作为现有核酸检测法的补充手段,用于新型冠状病毒的早期筛查。     

基于磁珠法的荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA临床应用评价

目的评价基于磁珠法的荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA的临床应用。方法选用磁珠法定量检测试剂和煮沸法定量检测试剂,对一系列临床患者血清标本进行检测,比较两种试剂检出率的差异;通过浓度为1×108的样本的梯度稀释结果考察两者的灵敏度和线性范围。结果 68例临床样本中,磁珠法试剂检测的阳性率为69.12%,煮沸法试剂检测的阳性率为32.35%(P0.05);两种试剂对103IU/m L阳性样本检测结果:y=0.913x-0.261,r=0.919;磁珠法线性范围3.9×(101~108),灵敏度39 IU/m L,煮沸法线性范围2.4×(102~107),灵敏度240 IU/m L。结论磁珠法核酸提取试剂线性范围宽,灵敏度高,临床检出率明显高于煮沸法,对于高浓度和低浓度样本都能准确的定值,适合于乙肝治疗后监测与体检筛查。     

五种国产与进口小鼠病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的比较研究

目的评价国产小鼠病毒抗体ELISA检测试剂盒。方法选择国产与进口小鼠淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒（LCMV）、肝炎病毒（MHV）、仙台病毒（SV）、腺病毒（MAV）、细小病毒（MPV）ELISA抗体检测试剂盒,进行敏感性、特异性、精密性、稳定性、可信度试验比较。结果国产与进口试剂盒：同种试剂盒之间灵敏度相差最低为2倍,差异显著（P〈0.05）,最高为16倍,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;特异性试验显示每种试剂盒,与其他4种病毒均无交叉反应;精密性试验显示5种试剂盒批内平均变异系数均小于10%;稳定性试验显示5种试剂盒相对偏差均小于25%;分别选择已知36份小鼠血清进行检测,国产和进口LCMV、MHV、SV、MPV符合率均为100%;国产MAV符合率为86.1%,进口MAV符合率均为100%,二者之间差异极显著（P〈0.01）。结论除国产MAV试剂盒敏感性、可信度低于进口外,国产LCMV、MHV、SV、MPV试剂盒与进口同种试剂盒相比,在敏感性、特异性、精密性、稳定性和可信度方面均良好。     

国产奥西康与进口洛赛克治疗消化性溃疡出血的临床观察

目的:对比国产与进口奥美拉唑注射治疗消化性溃疡出血的临床效果。方法:按照电脑产生的随机数列将2013年4月至2015年5月期间在我院消化科接受治疗的118例患者随机分为2组各59例,对照组给予进口药物洛赛克进行治疗,研究组给予国产药物奥西康进行治疗,两组均连续治疗7天,比较胃肠道反应、头晕及心悸发生率,平均治疗时间,以及临床治疗效果,另外分析两组患者的治疗成本。结果:研究组患者胃肠道反应、头晕及心悸发生率以及平均治疗时间与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组治疗效果经过秩和检验整体差异无统计学意义(P0.05),且治疗总有效率相当(96.61%vs 94.91%),差异无统计学意义(P0.05);使用国产药的成本低于进口药物。结论:国产奥西康与进口洛赛克治疗消化性溃疡出血临床疗效无明显差异,均能有良好的治疗效果,但其经济性更好。     

鼠疫耶尔森菌rV抗原单抗系统及其ELISA检测方法的建立

目的建立ELISA双抗体夹心法,测定重组毒力因子rV抗原含量。方法采用杂交瘤技术,制备鼠疫菌rV抗原的鼠单克隆抗体,对抗原表位和单抗特异性进行分析及鉴定,建立ELISA双抗体夹心法,并验证方法的专属性、准确性、精密度和线性范围。结果成功组建了鼠疫菌rV抗原诊断试剂,灵敏度最低检测值为10 ng/mL。结论该方法可用于免疫学检测鼠疫组分疫苗原液rV抗原含量及制备过程中抗原活性,是鼠疫组分疫苗制备中一种重要的质量控制手段,也为进一步开发鼠疫诊断试剂盒及其他相关研究奠定了基础。     

乙型肝炎病毒核酸（HBV-DNA）检测程序的方法学性能评价

摘 要：目的 对本实验室乙型肝炎病毒核酸(HBV DNA)定量检测程序方法学性能进行评价,以了解其方法学性能是否符合临床及本实验室检测要求。方法 分别取高浓度(HP)和低浓度(LP)两个水平的患者标本对精密度进行评价,取国家标准品（L1-L6）对正确度、线性范围及检测下限进行评价。结果 高浓度(HP)和低浓度(LP)两个水平的患者标本CV均低于5.0%,精密度符合要求;L1-L6检测结果均在国家标准品的允许范围内,正确度符合要求;a=0.9867,r2=0.9985,线性范围符合要求;国家标准品中的L4稀释后,300 IU/mL、500 IU/mL均可检出,符合试剂盒的检测灵敏度要求。结论 本室所评价的试剂盒方法学性能指标均符合要求,适合在本室开展。     

乙型肝炎诊断试剂国家质控标准的建立

按新的方案建立了用于乙型肝炎诊断试剂的国家质控标准。包括用WHO国际标准品标化建立的我国HBsAg、抗-HBs定量标准品,对试剂的特异性、灵敏度、精密性、线性进行质量控制检定的系列参比品,及经过实验制订的检定标准。经近年来的实际应用,对国产试剂质量的提高起到了推动作用。     

Selective electrochemical detection of cysteine in complex serum by graphene nanoribbon

Selective detection of cysteine in serum samples was achieved on a graphene nanoribbon (GNR) and Nafion nanocomposite modified electrode with high precision. The superior conductivity and abundant amount of active chemical oxygen groups on the edge of GNR led to extremely highly electrocatalytic activity of GNR towards the electrochemical oxidation of cysteine at +0.025 V. The electrocatalytic behavior was further used for sensitive detection of cysteine by differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimized conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range from 25 nM to 500 μM. The electrochemical sensor showed strong antifouling ability, good stability and selectivity. It could effectively exclude the interferences from other kinds of biothiols and the biological relevant species, thus had great perspective for in vivo analysis of biological samples.     

European Multi-Centre Validation Study of NucliSens Extractor in Combination with HCV Amplicor 2·0 Assay for HCV-NAT Screening of Plasma Pools

The NucliSens Extractor in combination with the 2.0 version of the Roche Cobas HCV Amplicor test has been validated by five European blood screening laboratories in a multi-centre study. For testing the performance characteristics of this HCV-NAT method, the European Pharmacopoeia validation guidelines were followed. The CLB VQC reference reagents were used for testing robustness and sensitivity. After a technical improvement in the extraction stations, the NucliSens Extractor appeared to be contamination-free as was proved by testing negative controls alternating with samples containing a high HCV-RNA concentration. The Pelicheck HCV-RNA genotype 1 dilution panel was tested 74 times in the five laboratories and an overall 95% detection limit of 80 genome equivalents (geq)/ml was found. In one laboratory the Pelicheck panel was tested in 25 runs and here a 95% detection limit of 32 geq/ml was achieved. In this laboratory the Pelispy HCV-RNA run control samples of 140 geq/ml were consistently picked up in all extractor stations. In addition the laboratories have tested a WHO HCV-RNA genotype 1 standard dilution series 39 times and a Pelicheck HCV-RNA genotype 3 reference panel in 32 test runs. The limiting dilution analysis enabled us to compare the detection efficiency of the NucliSens-Amplicor method for the genoype 1 and genotype 3 isolates and to calibrate the reference reagents against each other. The combined Nuclisens-Amplicor method was found to detect the genotype 3 isolate in the Pelicheck HCV-RNA panels with 2-3 fold lower efficiency than the genotype 1 standard (assuming that the historical calibration of the genotype 3 against the genotype 1 standard is correct). In this study of a single method 1 IU of the WHO HCV-RNA standard was found to be equivalent to 5.1 geq of the VQC HCV-RNA standard (95% confidence intervals 3.1-9.1 geq). To avoid confusion with the use of the CLB VQC reagents we accept the NIBSC collaborative study in which calibration by a variety of methods showed that the Pelispy 380 geq/ml run control is equivalent to 100 IU/ml of the WHO standard. This multi-centre validation study demonstrates that the 95% detection limit of the NucliSens HCV Amplicor method lies far below the detection limits required by the international regulatory bodies.     

High performance liquid chromatography analysis of a 4-anilinoquinazoline derivative (PD153035), a specific inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, in rat plasma

The quinazoline derivative, 4-N-(3'-bromo-phenyl)amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline (PD153035), has recently been identified as a potential drug for the treatment of proliferative disease. Here, we report a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based quantitative detection method for measurement of PD153035 levels in rat plasma. Sample pretreatment involved a two-step extraction with chloroform. The analytes were separated on a column packed with OmniSpher C18 material and eluted with acetonitrile-0.1 M ammonium acetate, pH 7.2 (70:30, v/v). The column effluent was monitored by UV detection at 330 nm. A linear response was achieved over the concentration range 0.50-100.00 microM using multilevel calibration with an internal standard. The analytical method inter- and intra-run accuracy and precision were better than +/-15%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.50 microM. The method has been applied to study the preclinical pharmacokinetics of this compound in rats.     

CalibraCurve: A Tool for Calibration of Targeted MS‐Based Measurements

Targeted proteomics techniques allow accurate quantitative measurements of analytes in complex matrices with dynamic linear ranges that span up to 4–5 orders of magnitude. Hence, targeted methods are promising for the development of robust protein assays in several sensitive areas, for example, in health care. However, exploiting the full method potential requires reliable determination of the dynamic range along with related quantification limits for each analyte. Here, a software named CalibraCurve that enables an automated batch‐mode determination of dynamic linear ranges and quantification limits for both targeted proteomics and similar assays is presented. The software uses a variety of measures to assess the accuracy of the calibration, namely precision and trueness. Two different kinds of customizable graphs are created (calibration curves and response factor plots). The accuracy measures and the graphs offer an intuitive, detailed, and reliable opportunity to assess the quality of the model fit. Thus, CalibraCurve is deemed a highly useful and flexible tool to facilitate the development and control of reliable SRM/MRM‐MS‐based proteomics assays.     

Hib多糖蛋白结合疫苗中残余氰化物检测方法的建立

为了保证多糖蛋白结合疫苗的生产质量,建立了高效离子色谱和电化学检测残余溴化氰(CNBr)的方法。结果显示,该方法用于Hib多糖蛋白结合疫苗的残余氰化物检测时,在10~100μg/L的测定范围内,具有良好的专属性、灵敏度、精密度、线性和准确度。该方法操作简便,检测时间仅需要10 min。该方法也适用于以溴化氰作为多糖活化剂的其他多糖蛋白结合疫苗的质量控制。