酚妥拉明联合多巴酚丁胺与多巴胺治疗重症肺炎患儿的有效性及安全性分析

目的:分析和比较酚妥拉明联合多巴酚丁胺与多巴胺治疗重症肺炎患儿的有效性及安全性。方法:选取2014年4月至2019年4月西安交通大学附属儿童医院急诊科收治的96例重症肺炎患儿,根据入院单双号将其分为对照组(n=48)和研究组(n=48)。对照组接受多巴酚丁胺与小剂量多巴胺治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合酚妥拉明治疗。比较两组的治疗总有效率、治疗前后各血气指标与炎性因子水平变化以及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率显著高于对照组(93.75%vs.79.17%,P0.05);两组的血气指标PaO2、SaO2均显著升高,PaCO2显著降低,且研究组的变化比对照更加显著(P0.05);两组各的炎性因子水平IL-6、IL-8、CRP和TNF-α均显著降低,且研究组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:酚妥拉明联合多巴酚丁胺治疗重症肺炎患儿的临床疗效明显优于酚妥拉明联合多巴胺治疗,且二者安全性相当。     

小剂量多巴胺联合多巴酚丁胺治疗小儿重症肺炎的临床疗效探讨

目的探讨小剂量多巴胺联合多巴酚丁胺治疗小儿重症肺炎的临床效果。方法选取2013年2月~2014年2月在我院就诊的小儿重症肺炎患者90例为研究对象,按患儿入院时间先后分为两组各45例。对照组给予常规对症治疗,观察组在上述治疗基础上给予小剂量多巴胺联合多巴酚丁胺治疗,比较两组患儿治疗效果,并观察两组患儿临床症状改善时间、住院时间及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组治疗有效率93.3%,对照组77.8%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患儿肺部湿啰音消失时间、肺部炎症吸收时间、呼吸困难消失时间、心率恢复正常时间、体温恢复正常时间及住院时间均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。不良反应发生率观察组为8.9%,对照组为6.7%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论小剂量多巴胺联合多巴酚丁胺治疗小儿重症肺炎的效果显著,患儿症状改善时间明显缩短,值得临床推广。     

多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心衰疗效研究

目的:探讨多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心力衰竭疗效及心肌酶学变化情况。方法:选择2014年10月至2015年3月之间于我院进行治疗的重症肺炎合并心力衰竭患儿185例作为研究对象随机分组。对照组92例患儿给予常规综合治疗,观察组93例患儿在此基础上给予多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗。比较两组患儿临床疗效、症状改善时间、治疗前后生命体征及心肌酶学指标变化情况以及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组显效率及总有效率显著高于对照组,症状改善时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前两组患儿生命体征及心肌酶学各项指标均无显著差异(P0.05),治疗后两组患儿呼吸频率(HR)、心率(RR)显著下降,血氧饱和度(SpO_2)显著升高,心肌酶学各项指标均显著下降,差异较治疗前均有统计学意义(P0.05)。组间比较,观察组患儿治疗后生命体征及心肌酶学各指标均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患儿不良反应发生率无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:多巴酚联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心力衰竭具有良好的临床疗效及安全性,利于患儿临床症状及心肌损伤的恢复,值得临床推广应用。     

多巴酚丁胺联合高容量血液滤过治疗感染性休克的效果及对患者血清IL-1β、TSP-1水平的影响

摘要 目的：探究多巴酚丁胺联合高容量血液滤过治疗感染性休克的临床效果及对患者血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、血小板反应蛋白1(TSP-1)水平的影响。方法：选取2018年10月-2019年10月于我院接受治疗的感染性休克患者100例,将其随机分为血液滤过组、联合治疗组,每组各50例。血液滤过组患者进行高容量血液滤过治疗,联合治疗组患者使用多巴酚丁胺联合高容量血液滤治疗。采用免疫透射比浊法检测血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、胱抑素C(Cys-C)水平;监护仪及流式细胞术检测血流动力学、T淋巴细胞亚群水平;酶联免疫吸附实验法检测血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化脂(LPO)、丙二醛(MDA)、IL-1β、TSP-1水平,并比较两组患者的治疗有效率。结果：治疗后,联合治疗组患者血清BUN、Scr、Cys-C、LPO、MDA、IL-1β、TSP-1水平、HR均显著低于血液滤过组(P＜0.05),CI、MAP、血清GSH-Px水平均高于血液滤过组(P＜0.05),CD8⁺水平显著低于血液滤过组,而CD4⁺、CD3+水平高于血液滤过组(P＜0.05)。联合治疗组患者治疗总有效率为94%,显著高于血液滤过组(80%,P＜0.05)。结论：多巴酚丁胺联合高容量血液滤过治疗感染性休克的疗效显著优于单用高容量血液滤过治疗,其能够显著改善患者肾功能及血流动力学,减轻氧化应激,提升患者免疫功能,降低血清IL-1β、TSP-1水平。     

去甲肾上腺素联合多巴酚丁胺治疗感染性休克对患者血流动力学、血乳酸及CCr，FEH2O，FENa的影响

目的:探讨去甲肾上腺素联合多巴酚丁胺治疗感染性休克对患者血流动力学、血乳酸及肌酐清除率(CCr)、滤过水排泄分数(FEH_2O)、滤过钠排泄分数(FENa)的影响。方法:研究对象选自我院2013年1月~2016年12月收治的120例感染性休克患者,采取随机数字表将其分成两组,每组60例。两组患者均采用多巴酚丁胺治疗,观察组在此基础上联合采用去甲肾上腺素治疗,对照组给予多巴胺治疗,对比两组临床疗效以及治疗前后血流动力学指标、血乳酸、CCr、FEH_2O、FENa水平的变化。结果:两组治疗后6、12、24、48 h血乳酸、FENa水平逐渐下降,且均明显低于治疗前;CCr、FEH_2O水平逐渐升高,且均明显高于治疗前(P0.01)。观察组治疗后6、12、24、48 h血乳酸、FENa水平均显著低于对照组同时点(P0.01),FEH_2O水平显著高于对照组同时点(P0.01)。两组治疗后6、12、24、48 h MAP、SVRI均较治疗前显著升高,治疗后24、48 h CI较治疗前显著升高(P0.01),观察组治疗后6、12、24、48 h MAP较治疗前显著降低(P0.01),对照组治疗后6、12 h MAP较治疗前显著升高(P0.01),观察组治疗后6、12、24、48 h HR显著低于对照组,SVRI显著高于对照组(P0.01)。观察组治疗28 d病死率为18.33%,对照组为35.00%,观察组病死率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:去甲肾上腺素联合多巴酚丁胺治疗感染性休克可有效改善患者的血流动力学,降低血乳酸水平,改善肾脏灌注和患者预后。     

枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合康复新液灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合康复新液灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效。方法:选取2014年5月～2018年6月淮安市淮阴医院诊治的溃疡性结肠炎患者120例,根据患者入院先后顺序分为两组,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊,观察组在对照组的基础上给予康复新液保留灌肠。比较两组患者的治疗总有效率、治疗前后血清白介素-8(IL-8)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平、血小板(PLT)和血酶原时间(PT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为95.00%,对照组为83.33%,观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血清IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α水平及PLT、FIB均较治疗前显著下降,且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而两组治疗后PT水平均较治疗前显著升高,且观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合康复新液灌肠治疗可显著降低溃疡性结肠炎患者的炎性因子水平,改善凝血功能,提高临床治疗效果,且安全性较高。     

连续性血液净化治疗联合乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者TLR4、血浆炎症因子及白介素的影响

目的:探究连续性血液净化联合乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者TLR4、白介素及血浆炎症因子的影响。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月我院接诊的72例急性胰腺炎患者,并采用随机的方法分为实验组与对照组各36例。实验组与对照组均进行基础治疗和乌司他丁治疗,而实验组还要进行连续性血液净化治疗。记录治疗后APACHEⅡ评分、住院时间、腹痛消失时间、血清淀粉酶恢复时间,测量患者治疗前和治疗一周后的TLR4、血浆炎症因子及白介素水平。结果:(1)实验组患者治疗后住院时间、血清淀粉酶恢复时间、APACHEⅡ评分、腹痛消失时间均显著低于或少于对照组患者(P0.05)。(2)相较于治疗前,两组患者治疗一周后的TLR4、CRP、IL-6和TNF-α水平均显著降低(p0.05);实验组患者治疗一周后的TLR4、CRP、IL-6和TNF-α的水平均显著低于对照组(p0.05)。(3)实验组的治愈率(34.29%)和总有效率(74.29%)均显著高于对照组的治愈率(14.29%)和总有效率(48.57%)。结论:连续性血液净化治疗联合乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者的抗炎效果相较于单独使用乌司他丁疗效显著,能更好地降低炎症反应,使得TLR4、血浆炎症因子及白介素等炎症因子降低。     

亚胺培南联合氨溴索对重症肺炎炎症因子及临床疗效影响

目的:探讨亚胺培南联合氨溴索对重症肺炎患者血清降钙素原(PCT),白介素-10(IL-10)及临床疗效的影响研究。方法:收集我院收治的100例重症肺炎患者机分为实验组和对照组,每组50例。对照组患者在基础治疗的基础上给予氨溴索治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予亚胺培南治疗。观察并比较两组患者白细胞(WBC)、血清PCTJL-10水平以及患者的临床治疗有效率。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者的WBC、PCT、IL-10水平均下降差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的WBC、PCT、IL-10水平较低差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的临床治疗有效率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:亚胺培南联合氨溴索能够降低重症肺炎患者WBC、PCT、IL-10水平,临床疗效较好,提高了治疗效果。     

思连康联合锌制剂对小儿腹泻的疗效及对患儿血清指标的影响

探讨思连康联合锌制剂治疗小儿迁延性腹泻的临床效果及对患儿血清指标的影响。选取我院收治的120例迁延性腹泻患儿(收治时间2014年1月至2015年1月),根据患儿治疗方法分为治疗组和对照组各60例,对照组采用基础治疗+锌制剂,治疗组加用思连康治疗,连续治疗10 d,对比两组的临床效果。结果显示,接受治疗前,治疗组和对照组患儿的血清IL-6、IL-8、hs-CRP、NO、SOD的水平差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。接受治疗后,治疗组患儿的血清IL-6、IL-8、hs-CRP、NO的水平均显著的低于对照组(p0.05),治疗组患儿的血清SOD的水平均高于对照组(p0.05);治疗组患儿的大便性状恢复正常、大便次数恢复正常、腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间均显著优于对照组患儿,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。接受治疗10 d后,治疗组痊愈率70.00%、显效率21.67%、有效率6.67%、无效1.67%,对照组痊愈率50.00%、显效率35.00%、有效率10.00%、无效5.00%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。思连康联合锌制剂治疗小儿迁延性腹泻能显著的减轻患儿炎症反应程度、恢复内环境的稳定、促进临床症状的缓解,提高治疗效果。     

复方丹参注射液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿喘息性支气管炎的效果及对炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨复方丹参注射液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿喘息性支气管炎的效果及对炎性因子的影响。方法:选取2015年6月～2018年6月我院收治的喘息性支气管炎患儿300例,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组,每组各150例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予阿奇霉素注射液治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合应用复方丹参注射液治疗。比较两组的临床治疗效果,临床症状缓解时间及住院时间,治疗前后两组血清白介素(Interleukin, IL)-6、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)水平的变化情况及不良反应发生情况和复发率。结果:治疗后,观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(93.33%VS.85.33%, P0.05);观察组喘息缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间、哮鸣音消失时间、体温恢复时间及住院时间均显著短于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后血清IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著下降,且观察组更低(P0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组的复发率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:复方丹参注射液联合阿奇霉素可快速缓解喘息性支气管炎患儿的临床症状、体征并缩短住院时间,提高临床治疗效果,且复发率低,安全性较高,这可能与其可显著降低患儿血清IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平有关。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418