两种较新的复合型材料修复楔状缺损的临床疗效比较

目的:比较两种较新型的复合材料(光固化复合树脂材料和树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀材料)修复楔状缺损的临床疗效.方法:对210例楔状缺损患牙,分别用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀材料和光固化复合树脂材料应用修复,观察1～2年的修复效果.结果:两种材料修复1年成功率都高于85％,树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀材料修复楔状缺损2年成功率(82.9％)略高于光固化复合树脂(77.1％).结论:两种新型材料都是修复楔状缺损是口腔门诊值得推荐的方法,其中树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀材料长期效果略好一些.     

血管性痴呆动物模型制作方法的改良

目的对大鼠血管性痴呆双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎模型（permanent bilateral common carotid arteryocclusion,2VO）进行改良,以提高模型动物存活率。方法采取改良造模方法（间隔7d分2次结扎双侧颈总动脉）和传统的2VO方法（同时结扎双侧颈总动脉）建立血管性痴呆模型,观察并比较2种方法大鼠的存活率、学习记忆能力改变及病理形态学变化。结果术后7 d,改良模型组动物存活率（86.7%）明显高于传统模型组（40.0%）（P〈0.05）。术后8 w与12 w,与假手术组比较,两种方法模型组逃避潜伏期均明显延长（P〈0.05）,而改良法与传统法造模组之间相比较无显著性差异。HE染色显示：改良法与传统法造模组的大鼠海马区神经元有相似程度的明显变性、坏死和凋亡。结论 2VO改良造模法是降低大鼠血管性痴呆模型动物死亡率的成功方法,值得进一步研究、推广。     

改良颈静脉置管术在自身给药成瘾模型优化中的作用研究

目的:探讨技术和方法的改进,提高动物颈静脉置管以及药物成瘾自身给药模型构建的成功率,为成瘾研究提供更稳定和高效的建模方法。方法:对建立自身给药模型的传统颈静脉置管术进行改良,选取成年雄性SD大鼠60只,按照随机数字表法分为传统手术组(n=30)和改良手术组(n=30),分别完成颈静脉置管术后,按照随机数字表法,再将每组分为对照训练组(n=15)和成瘾训练组(n=15),构建大鼠自身给药模型,观察两组大鼠自身给药模型成功率。结果:大鼠的颈静脉置管手术可能出现的手术并发症主要包括堵管、漏管、感染甚至死亡等,最主要的并发症是漏管,占比最大。颈静脉置管传统手术组手术成功率为43.33%±3.333,颈静脉置管改良手术组手术成功率为90.00%±3.333,显著高于颈静脉置管传统手术组(P0.05)。两组成瘾训练组有效鼻触次数均分别明显高于其对照训练组(P0.05)。结论:大鼠改良后的颈静脉置管手术效果明显优于传统手术,颈静脉置管手术成功率明显提高。     

MTA、玻璃离子水门汀和银汞合金修补髓室底穿孔疗效观察

对比研究矿物三氧化物凝聚体(MTA)、玻璃离子水门汀和银汞合金在修补髓室底穿孔的临床疗效。选取2013年1月至2016年6月于我院行髓室底患牙穿孔的患者120例,共120颗患牙,根管治疗后随机分为MTA组、玻璃离子水门汀组及银汞合金组,每组40例,分别采用MTA、玻璃离子水门汀、银汞合金进行髓室底修补,1年后复查,对比三种不同方法的临床疗效。术后1年后复查,MTA组治疗后成功的有37例,成功率为92.5%;玻璃离子水门汀组治疗后成功的有28例,成功率为70.0%;银汞合金组治疗后成功的有21例,成功率为52.5%;MTA组修补成功率显著高于其它两组(p0.05)。MTA组修复成功率优于另外两组,与患者年龄、髓室底穿孔直径、穿孔等原因有关,即年龄越大、穿孔直径越大者髓室底穿孔修复成功率越低,且有统计学差异(χ~2=5.33,χ~2=8.12;p0.05);医源性髓室底穿孔修复成功率显著高于龋源性(χ~2=7.56,p0.05)。MTA应用于患牙髓室底穿孔具有良好的生物活性及组织相容性,显著提高了患牙保留率,临床疗效较好。     

改良的大鼠模拟失重模型制备方法*

目的: 介绍一种改良的尾部悬吊使后肢去负荷的制备大鼠模拟失重模型的方法。方法: 90只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组,经典尾吊组和改良尾吊组(每组30只)。经典尾吊组利用医用胶带和纱布制作大鼠尾套后悬吊大鼠尾部。改良尾吊组在上述操作基础之上,在尾套内增加聚乙烯发泡棉隔层,以缓冲纱布对尾部的挤压,保证远端血液循环。对照组尾部不做特殊处理。尾吊4周后观察尾部损伤和尾套脱落等并发症,测量大鼠体质量及右侧比目鱼肌湿重。结果: 与对照组相比,经典尾吊组的比目鱼肌湿重/体质量比值显著减少,但体质量无显著差异,大鼠尾部远端出现缺血坏死损伤的发生率为40.0%,尾套脱落的发生率为26.7%,模型成功率为33.3%;与经典尾吊组相比,改良尾吊组的尾部损伤程度明显降低,远端缺血坏死率为13.3%, 尾套脱落率为3.3%,模型成功率为83.3% (P均＜0.05)。结论: 采用改良尾吊法建立大鼠模拟失重模型能够显著减少鼠尾坏死和尾套脱落发生率,简单易行,提高了模型制备的成功率。     

线栓法制备大鼠脑缺血模型的要点和体会

目的:提高线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉脑缺血模型的成功率。方法:从鼠种、鼠龄、性别、侧别方面选择大鼠,分离颈总、颈内动脉、颈外动脉,结扎颈总、颈外动脉,用鱼线和指甲油的改良线栓法制备线栓,经由颈总动脉剪一小口,将制备好的栓线插入颈总动脉,并推送入颈内动脉。根据大鼠体重和施术者手感选择合适的进线深度,阻断大脑中动脉,制备模型,并观察大鼠脑组织的病理改变。结果:造模成功率明显提高,模型符合脑梗死的病理过程。结论:改良后的方法模型成功率提高,可复制性强。     

改良线栓法大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞模型的建立

目的对大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAO）再灌注模型进行改良,通过比较再灌注24h时大鼠神经功能评分、梗死率、模型制作时间、成功率和死亡率等指标评价改良线栓法大鼠MCAO再灌注模型的有效性。方法12只SD大鼠随机分为对照和模型两组,对照组采用分离结扎翼腭动脉,从颈外动脉插入线栓至大脑中动脉。模型组采用不分离结扎翼腭动脉,从颈总动脉分叉处插入线栓至大脑中动脉。阻断大脑中动脉血供2h后将线栓拔出实现再灌注。于再灌注24h时观察脑组织组织病理学改变,计算比较两组大鼠神经功能评分、模型制作时间、模型成功率和死亡率以及鼠脑切片TTC染色测量脑梗死率。结果两组MCAO模型在再灌注24h后大鼠神经功能评分、梗死率、模型成功率和死亡率等方面没有显著差异;模型组的模型制作时间显著少于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论采用不分离结扎翼腭动脉,由颈总动脉插入线栓的改良线栓法是稳定和可靠的MCAO造模方法。     

FeCl_3诱导大鼠颈总动脉血栓制备慢性脑缺血模型的探索

慢性脑缺血模型通常采用结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉的方法,但采用FeCl_3法制作模型的优势尚无研究。实验以不同浓度FeCl_3(20%,35%,50%,70%)处理颈总动脉的方法作为模型组,以结扎大鼠颈总动脉的方法作为对照组,制备大鼠慢性脑缺血模型,并通过动物死亡率、神经功能评分、颈总动脉HE染色、Y迷宫实验以及颈总动脉血栓的质量验证模型的稳定性和成功率。研究发现低、中浓度FeCl_3组死亡率(5%,15%,10%)与结扎组(45%)相比显著降低(χ~2=8.533,P=0.003;χ~2=4.286,P=0.038;χ~2=6.144,P=0.013)。结扎组和FeCl_3组神经功能评分与假手术组相比无显著差异(P0.05)。不同浓度FeCl_3对颈总动脉病理学影响的HE染色结果显示,中浓度能形成较好的动脉狭窄模型。中浓度Ⅰ组和中浓度Ⅱ组Y迷宫正确反映次数与结扎组相比无显著差异(P0.05)。低浓度组血栓质量较中浓度和高浓度组显著降低(P0.01),中浓度Ⅱ组较中浓度Ⅰ组无显著差异(P0.05)。结果表明本方法与结扎法效果相同且能提高模型成功率,同时制备的模型可靠,脑缺血状态稳定,并以中浓度(35%,50%)为宜。     

经皮穿刺抽取大鼠脑脊液方法的改良

目的: 改进传统经皮穿刺抽取脑脊液的方法,提高采集大鼠脑脊液动物存活率。方法: 90只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、传统穿刺组和改良穿刺组(每组30只)。对照组不进行穿刺。传统穿刺组按反握抓持法进行穿刺取样。改良穿刺组采用左手固定大鼠头部,将其抬高至约135°,右手正握改良1 ml注射器,以枕骨隆突和第一颈椎为标志定位枕骨大孔,在枕骨大孔中心偏下平行进针,抽取脑脊液。分别于第1、4、7日抽取大鼠脑脊液,每次抽取记录取样时间、采集量、脑脊液性状,抽取后3 d观察大鼠存活情况,选取存活大鼠进行重复采样。结果: 传统经皮穿刺取样法采样成功率为63.33%,三次重复采样动物存活率为10%;改良经皮穿刺取样法采样成功率为86.67%,三次重复采样动物存活率为50%,相比传统采样有显著升高(P＜0.01)。结论: 改良经皮穿刺取样法操作简单,耗时少,成功率高。操作无需定位设备,单人可以完成。动物反复取样存活率高,方便进行脑脊液重复采样。     

制备大鼠心肌顿抑实验模型的改进和建模死亡原因分析

目的改进心肌缺血再灌注模型制备,提高制模成功率。方法采用成年SD大鼠制作心肌缺血再灌注模型,对传统造模方法进行了改进,经口直视下气管插管,同步心电图监测,改良的微创切口,自制的乳胶管垫片阻断LAD,结合心电图、肉眼观及HE检查作为判断结扎成功指标。结果建模48只,成功率81.5%。结论本方法造模成功率高,心脏暴露好、阻断可靠,创伤小,操作简单、方便。     

Solubility and disintegration of a glass ionomer cement

ABSTRACT

The mechanism of erosion of a glass ionomer cement (PR Scell) was studied using two experimental procedures: discs of dental cement were immersed in distilled water under unrenewed conditions as defined by ISO standard or under continuously running distilled water to simulate the oral environment. Both experiments suggest that erosion is important and highly correlated to the cryolithe material included in the formulation of this cement.     

Robust and responsive silk ionomer microcapsules

We demonstrate the assembly of extremely robust and pH-responsive thin shell LbL microcapsules from silk fibroin counterparts modified with poly(lysine) and poly(glutamic) acid, which are based on biocompatible silk ionomer materials in contrast with usually exploited synthetic polyelectrolytes. The microcapsules are extremely stable in an unusually wide pH range from 1.5 to 12.0 and show a remarkable degree of reversible swelling/deswelling response in dimensions, as exposed to extreme acidic and basic conditions. These changes are accompanied by reversible variations in shell permeability that can be utilized for pH-controlled loading and unloading of large macromolecules. Finally, we confirmed that these shells can be utilized to encapsulate yeast cells with a viability rate much higher than that for traditional synthetic polyelectrolytes.     

Development of a multispecies periodontal biofilm model within a stirred bioreactor

Abstract

The objective of this work was to develop a subgingival biofilm model using a stirred bioreactor. Discs of bovine teeth were adapted to a stirred bioreactor filled with a culture medium containing bacterial species associated with periodontal health or disease. After anaerobic incubation, the biofilms growing on the substratum surfaces were collected and analyzed. The mean number of Colony-forming Units (CFUs) varied, but with no difference between 3 and 7?days of biofilm formation (p?>?0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a uniform biofilm layer covering the cement layer of the root surface containing bacteria with diverse morphology. In checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization, bacterial species were identified in both biofilms. In conclusion, a subgingival biofilm model was developed using a stirred bioreactor, allowing the in vitro reproduction of complex microbial communities. This is an advanced model that may be useful to mimic complex clinical periodontal biofilms.     

实验性延期再植牙大鼠模型组织学分析方法的建立

摘要 目的：建立延期再植牙大鼠模型并观察牙根不同部位预后特点,比较不同组织学分析方法的合理性,为相关临床、基础研究提供参考。方法：6周龄雄性SD大鼠10只,右侧上颌切牙脱位后延期再植,术后30 d 处死,分离上颌骨;利用micro CT从不同截面分析上颌切牙及牙周组织生理结构。切片后通过HE染色、MASSON染色、TRAP染色观察比较牙根不同部位愈合情况、破骨细胞分布情况。结果：大鼠切牙唇侧有釉质覆盖,腭侧牙骨质覆盖,且再植牙不同部位愈合情况、破骨细胞分布有差异,其牙根唇侧未见明显吸收,腭侧根中1/3相比根尖1/3和根颈1/3吸收范围更广、深度更深,破骨细胞分布数量更多,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）,提出了腭侧中1/3作为牙根吸收组织学分析区域的合理性。结论：本实验比较了再植牙大鼠模型牙根不同部位的愈合情况,提出了一种较为合理的组织学分析方法,能客观反映再植牙愈合方式,为进一步研究再植牙愈合机理提供了较好的研究模型。     

TWO EFFICIENT POLYMERIC CHEMICAL PLATFORMS FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY PREPARATION

ABSTRACT

In this report we describe two robust procedures for oligonucleotide microarray preparation based on polymeric coatings. The proposed chemical approaches include: 1) a glass functionalisation step with appropriate silanes (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-APTES or 3-glycid-oxypropyltrimethoxysilane-GOPS), 2) a coating step using polymers (poly-L-Lysine or poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) copolymer) covalently bound to the modified glass and 3) a surface activation step to allow for the attachment of amino-modified oligonucleotides. Results obtained using these chemistries in oligo microarray preparation show: 1) an overall high loading capacity and availability to hybridisation against targets, 2) a good uniformity, 3) resistance to consecutive probing/stripping cycles, 4) stability to thermal cycles, 5) effectiveness in hybridisation-mediated mutation detection procedures and 6) the possibility to perform enzymatic reactions, such as ligation.     

甲硝唑药膜联合盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗牙周病的临床疗效分析

目的:研究甲硝唑药膜联合盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗牙周病的临床疗效。方法:选择2014年1月~2016年1月在我院进行诊治的牙周病患者80例,随机分为两组。观察组采用甲硝唑药膜联合盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗治疗,对照组采用甲硝唑药膜治疗。观察并比较两组的疗效,牙周附着指数、牙菌斑指数、牙龈指数、牙齿松动度和白介素-6、白介素-8和肿瘤坏死因子的水平。结果:治疗4周后,观察组的治疗有效率为95.0%,明显高于对照组的90.0%(P0.05);治疗后两组的牙周附着指数、牙菌斑指数、牙龈指数和牙齿松动度均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的降低程度明显优于对照组(P0.05);治疗后两组的肿瘤坏死因子、白介素-6和白介素-8均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的降低程度明显优于对照组(P0.05);两组间丘疹、恶心、胃肠道反应和失眠的发生情况相比无明显差异(P0.05);观察组的复发率为2.5%,明显低于对照组的7.5%(P0.05)。结论:甲硝唑药膜联合盐酸米诺环素软膏能增强对牙周病各种致病菌的抑制作用,提高临床疗效,改善牙周状况和炎症状态,不良反应少,且复发率低,值得推广应用。     

Correlation of MCP-4 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a marker of inflammation in obesity and chronic periodontitis

ObjectivesObesity is increasing in prevalence worldwide and has emerged as a strong risk factor for periodontal disease. Conversely, the remote effects of periodontal disease on various systemic diseases have been proposed. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of MCP-4 and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum in obese and non-obese subjects with chronic periodontitis and to find a correlation between MCP-4 and hsCRP in GCF and serum.Materials and methodsForty subjects (20 males and 20 females) were selected and divided into four groups (10 subjects in each group), based on clinical parameters: group NOH (non-obese healthy), group OH (obese healthy), Group NOCP (non-obese with chronic periodontitis) and group OCP (obese with chronic periodontitis). The levels of serum and GCF MCP-4 were determined by ELISA and hsCRP levels were determined by immunoturbidimetry method.ResultsThe mean GCF and serum concentration of MCP-4 was highest for group OCP followed by group NOCP, group OH (in GCF); group OH, group NOCP(in serum) and least in group NOH. The mean hsCRP concentration was highest for group OCP followed by group OH, group NOCP and group NOH. A significant positive correlation was found between serum and GCF MCP-4 and hsCRP levels.ConclusionGCF MCP-4 concentrations increased in periodontal disease compared to health and correlated positively with the severity of disease indicating it as a novel marker of periodontal disease. The serum concentration of MCP-4 was found to be more in obese group as compared to nonobese group indicating it as a marker of obesity. Furthermore, based on the positive correlation of MCP-4 and hsCRP found in this study, it can be proposed that MCP-4 and hsCRP may be the markers linking chronic inflammation in obesity and periodontal disease.     

低浓度万古霉素复合PMMA骨水泥的细胞毒性研究

目的:研究低浓度万古霉素(1%)复合聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMMA骨水泥对SD仔鼠原代成骨细胞的增殖以及凋亡的影响。方法:采用分离SD仔鼠颅骨与胰酶消化法获取SD仔鼠原代成骨细胞,通过细胞爬片碱性磷酸酶染色对原代成骨细胞进行鉴定;利用CCK-8法检测低浓度万古霉素复合PMMA及纯PMMA骨水泥浸提液对SD大鼠原代成骨细胞的增殖影响、流式细胞仪检测万古霉素复合PMMA及纯PMMA骨水泥浸提液对对SD大鼠原代成骨细胞的凋亡影响。结果:SD大鼠原代成骨细胞在低浓度万古霉素复合PMMA骨水泥浸提液中第1、2、3天的增殖更明显(P0.05),在纯PMMA骨水泥浸提液中第1、5天凋亡显著增加(P0.05)。结论:低浓度万古霉素复合PMMA骨水泥相比PMMA骨水泥具有较低的细胞毒性,在临床应用于骨缺损伴局部骨感染的治疗方面具有一定的优势。     

Influence of topical fluoridation of glass ionomer cements on inhibitory activity on cariogenic bacteria

Glass ionomer cements are important options in restorative and preventive dentistry due to their adhesion to the tooth surface and fluoride release, which can decrease the risk of recurrent caries. The aim of this study was to define, in vivo, the influence of the topical use of fluoride gel on dental plaque bacteria growing on the glass ionomer cement. Fifteen patients were included into this study. Thirty five class V restorations from the glass ionomer cement (Ketac Molar Aplicap, ESPE Germany) were placed in the patient's one half of the lower jaw. The sound enamel of other side of the lower jaw was treated as a control. After 6 month 72 old dental plaque was collected from the surfaces of restorations and the surfaces of the sound enamel. Total amount of 30 dental plaque samples were investigated according to the previously described method (17). In dental plaque samples the amount of Streptococcus mutans was calculated at the Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Lód?. Next the topical application of fluoride gel (Fluormex) was performed on the surfaces of glass ionomer (Ketac Molar) fillings and the sound enamel. The patients were asked not to clean the teeth for 72 h. After this time the dental plaque was again collected from the surfaces of restorations and sound enamel. Statistical analysis of collected data was accomplished and showed no statistically significant differences in the amount of Streptococcus mutans both on Ketac Molar and the enamel before and after the topical use of fluoride gel. It was concluded that the topical fluoridation of glass ionomer cement did not affect Streptococcus mutans growing in dental plaque.