骨化三醇联合腹膜透析疗法治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床疗效及对患者血清ProGRP、Cysc、Chemerin水平的影响

目的:探讨骨化三醇联合腹膜透析疗法治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床疗效及对患者血清Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (ProGRP)、CystatinC(Cysc)、Chemerin水平的影响。方法:选取我院2017年2月至2018年1月收治的98例慢性肾功能衰竭患者,按照随机数表法将其分为观察组(n=51)和对照组(n=47)。对照组采用腹膜透析疗法治疗,观察组采用骨化三醇联合腹膜透析疗法治疗。观察和比较两组治疗前后肾功能指标尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、血清肌酐(Serum creatinine Cr)、24小时尿蛋白(24 h urinary protein,24 h UP),生化指标白蛋白(albumin,Alb)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)及红细胞(red blood cell,RBC),胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP)、血清胱抑素(Cys C)、趋化素(Chemerin)水平的变化,6个月、1年生存率及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组BUN、SCr、24hUP水平均显著低于对照组[(13.95±3.06)mmol/L vs.(21.10±3.85)mmol/L,(260.12±40.32)μmol/L vs.(354.93±51.06)μmol/L,(1.75±0.45)g/24 h vs.(2.67±0.80)g/24 h](P0.05);Alb水平显著低于对照组[(27.85±3.58)g/L vs.(33.06±4.27)g/L](P0.05);Hb、RBC显著高于对照组[(91.72±13.46)g/L vs.(82.36±10.15)g/L,(379.47±92.08)×1012/L vs.(315.70±73.24)×1012/L](P0.05);ProGRP、Chemerin水平显著低于对照组[(49.23±4.72)pg/mL vs.(63.87±7.30)pg/mL,(37.02±6.15)μg/L vs.(30.63±4.81)μg/L](P0.05);Cysc水平显著高于对照组[(80.75±16.08)mL/min vs.(98.81±18.07)mL/min](P0.05);6个月、1年生存率均显著高于对照组[96.08%(49/51) vs. 91.49%(43/47),90.20%(46/51) vs. 74.47%(35/47)](P0.05);不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组[17.65%(9/51) vs. 44.68%(21/47)](P0.05)。结论:骨化三醇联合腹膜透析疗法治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床效果显著优于单用,其可有效减轻患者的临床症状,纠正电解质紊乱,改善肾功能和预后,可能与降低血清ProGRP、Chemerin水平及提高血清Cysc水平有关。     

血清降钙素原在感染性休克患者中的表达及与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性分析

目的:探讨血清降钙素原在感染性休克患者中的表达及与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性分析。方法:选取2012年1月至2013年9月我院收治的58例感染性休克患者,设为感染性休克组,早期采取液体复苏的方法进行救治。另选取同期于我院体检的年龄、性别与之相匹配的52例健康人设为对照组。测定两组不同时间的血清PCT含量,对APACHEⅡ评分进行评定,并进行统计学分析。结果:感染行休克组患者的复苏液体量最少为4332mL,最多为10645mL,平均为(7602.85±1628.47)mL,复苏达标的平均时间为(17.67±3.75)h。感染性休克组患者血清PCT含量治疗后24h为(8.77±4.66)μg/L,明显低于治疗前的(17.78±5.89)μg/L;感染性休克组患者治疗前与治疗后24h血清PCT含量相比于对照组受试者的(0.03±0.01)μg/L均显著提高;感染性休克组患者治疗前与治疗后24hAPACHEⅡ评分分别为(16.68±3.27)分、(10.46±3.18)分,相比于对照组的(7.22±1.15)分均显著提高;感染性休克组患者APACHEⅡ评分治疗后24h明显低于治疗前。差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。感染性休克组治疗前后PCT含量与APACHEⅡ评分均呈一定的正相关(P0.05);PCT含量变化与快速复苏的液体量呈一定的负相关(P0.05);而与APACHEⅡ评分不存在明显的相关性(P0.05)。结论:将血清降钙素原应用于感染性休克患者的诊断及治疗过程中评估病情变化,能够为液体复苏提供有效的指导。血清降钙素原含量与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关,但其变化与APACHEⅡ评分不存在相关性,而与复苏液体量呈负相关。     

氨氯地平联合阿托伐他汀钙对原发性高血压患者血清Fractalkine与内皮功能的影响

目的:研究氨氯地平联合阿托伐他汀钙对原发性高血压患者血清Fractalkine与内皮功能的影响。方法:选择2017年2月至2018年2月在我院接受治疗的原发性高血压患者106例,按照随机数字表随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组使用氨氯地平治疗,观察组以对照组为基础联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗,两组患者均治疗2个月。比较两组临床疗效,观察治疗前后两组血压、内皮功能(ET-1、NO、FMO)及血清Fractalkine水平变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为94.33%,明显高于对照组81.13%(P0.05);治疗后,观察组收缩压及舒张压水平为(118.43±15.72)mm Hg、(81.32±6.87)mm Hg,明显低于对照组(126.71±17.38)mm Hg、(86.18±5.29)mm Hg(P0.05);观察组血清Fractalkine、ET-1水平为(217.81±76.62)pg/mL、(53.82±6.73)ng/L,明显低于对照组(282.17±83.24)pg/mL、(65.14±7.92)ng/L(P0.05);观察组血清NO、FMO水平为(21.07±1.95)μmol/L、(13.94±0.82)%,均明显高于对照组(18.04±2.02)μmol/L、(11.28±1.04)%,比较差异显著(P0.05)。结论:氨氯地平联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗原发性高血压可显著提高临床疗效,同时可显著降低血清FKN水平,改善其内皮功能。     

吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病患者血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin水平的影响

目的:探讨吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果及对患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)、瘦素(Leptin)、内脂素(Visfatin)表达的影响。方法:选择2015年10月至2017年10月我院接诊的90例2型糖尿病患者为本研究对象,通过随机数表法将其分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=44)。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予阿卡波糖治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合吡格列酮治疗,两组均连续治疗12周。比较两组治疗前后血糖、动态血糖、胰岛细胞功能、血清RBP4、Leptin和Visfatin水平的变化和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)均明显低于对照组[(6.58±1.30)mmol/L vs.(7.47±1.44)mmol/L,(9.20±1.22)mmol/L vs.(10.36±1.31)mmol/L,(5.23±0.46)%vs.(5.88±0.62)%](P0.05);观察组最大血糖波动幅度(LAGS)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)均明显低于对照组低,日平均达标率明显高于对照组[(7.43±1.26)mmol/L vs.(8.58±1.59)mmol/L,(3.39±0.42)mmol/L vs.(5.21±0.69)mmol/L,(90.34±2.40)%vs.(82.01±2.15)%](P0.05);观察组胰岛素β细胞(HOMA-β)明显高于对照组,胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)明显低于对照组[(53.84±6.20) vs.(41.85±5.03),(2.84±0.40) vs.(3.72±0.72)](P0.05);观察组血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin水平均明显低于对照组[(8.30±1.20)mg/L vs.(10.57±1.65)mg/L,(8.23±1.42)μg/L vs.(10.84±1.79)μg/L,(17.40±2.42)μg/L vs.(24.03±3.06)μg/L](P0.05)。两组治疗期间均未发生头晕、低血糖等药物不良反应。结论:吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病患者的临床效果显著由于单用阿卡波糖的患者,其可显著患者降低血糖水平和改善IR,其内在机制可能和降低血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin的表达相关。     

腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响

目的:探讨腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对患儿血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年3月我院收治的203例新生儿黄疸患儿,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=105)和对照组(n=98)。对照组采用白蛋白治疗,观察组采用腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗。观察及对比两组治疗疗效,黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平,治疗前后胆红素各项指标、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子、转铁蛋白水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.38%(97/105) vs. 80.61%(79/98)](P0.05);黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平均显著低于对照组[(4.15±0.82) d vs.(5.31±0.92) d,(56.02±7.36)μmol/L vs.(82.86±9.32)μmol/L](P0.05);间接胆红素、结合胆红素、总胆红素水平均显著低于对照组[(108.75±6.21) d vs.(146.03±7.32) d,(7.49±0.85)μmol/L vs.(9.57±1.02)μmol/L,(117.80±6.52)μmol/L vs.(151.09±8.34)μmol/L](P0.05);γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子均显著低于对照组[(56.01±6.45) U/L vs.(89.56±10.73) U/L,(19.30±2.17) ng/L vs 26.78±3.67) ng/L](P0.05);而转铁蛋白水平均显著高于对照组[(1.96±0.27)g/L vs.(1.60±0.24)g/L](P0.05)。结论:腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效显著优于单用白蛋白治疗,其可有效改善患儿的黄疸临床症状,降低血清胆红素、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平。     

自体干细胞移植治疗失代偿期肝硬化的疗效及对肝脏储备功能、血清LPS、HGF水平的影响

目的:探讨自体干细胞移植治疗失代偿期肝硬化的疗效及对肝脏储备功能、血清内毒素(LPS)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)水平的影响。方法:选择2015年9月至2017年9月我院接诊的86例失代偿期肝硬化患者作为本研究对象,通过随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组给予失代偿期肝硬化常规综合治疗,观察组在对照组基础上进行自体干细胞移植治疗。比较两组治疗前、治疗12周后实验室指标、终末期肝病模型系统评分(MELD)、血清LPS、HGF水平的变化以及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)水平均明显低于治疗前,白蛋白(ALB)较治疗前显著升高(P0.05),观察组ALT、AST、TBil均明显低于对照组,ALB水平明显高于对照组[(45.60±4.12)U/L vs.(56.84±6.20)U/L,(57.45±5.01)U/L vs.(68.99±6.84)U/L,(36.53±3.45)g/L vs.(30.42±2.89)g/L,(50.23±4.83)μmol/L vs.(62.30±6.76)μmol/L](P0.05);治疗后,两组MELD评分较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),观察组MELD评分明显低于对照组[(21.89±2.74)分vs(27.84±3.51)分](P0.05);治疗后,两组血清LPS较治疗前显著降低,HGF较治疗前显著升高(P0.05),观察组血清LPS明显低于对照组,HGF明显比对照组高[(0.43±0.05)ng/mLvs(0.60±0.09)ng/mL,(389.56±27.40)pg/mL vs(301.23±22.30)pg/mL](P0.05)。对照组和观察组治疗期间不良反应总发生率分别为8.89%(4/43)、13.95%(6/43),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:自体干细胞移植治疗失代偿期患者可明显改善肝功能、肝脏储备功能及血清LPS、HGF的表达,且安全性高。     

非布司他治疗老年高尿酸血症痛风患者的临床疗效及安全性分析

目的:探究非布司他治疗老年高尿酸血症痛风患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取我院2017年3月-2018年3月收治的高尿酸血症并发痛风患者60例,将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例。对照组采取苯溴马隆治疗,观察组采取非布司他进行治疗,对比两组患者的疗效和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组患者治疗的总有效率为96.7%,显著高于对照组患者(80%,P0.05);观察组患者的尿酸水平为(341.58±10.16)μmol/L,血沉水平变为(17.92±8.43) mm/h,均显著低于对照组患者[(341.58±10.16)μmol/L,(26.08±10.17) mm/h,P0.05];观察组患者生活质量(quality of life,QOL)评分明显优于对照组患者(P0.05);观察组患者只发生1例胃肠道反应,不良反应发生率为3.33%(1/30),显著低于对照组[23.33%(7/30),P0.05]。结论:与苯溴马隆相比,非布司他治疗老年高尿酸血症并痛风疗效更好,安全性更高。     

重度烧伤患者应用重组人生长激素治疗的临床效果

目的:研究重组人生长激素对重度烧伤的应用治疗效果。方法:选取重度烧伤患者42例。根据随机数表法,将所有患者分为观察组(n=21)和对照组(n=21),观察组在对照组的基础上给予重组人生长激素治疗。结果:对照组术后24 h血红蛋白及总蛋白水平均低于实验组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);对照组术后1周血红蛋白水平为(95.57±11.41)g/L,低于实验组的(137.91±14.29)g/L(t=3.726,P0.001);对照组术后2周血红蛋白水平为(80.89±11.38)g/L,低于实验组的(131.28±13.47)g/L(t=3.917,P0.001);实验组术后1周总蛋白水平为(61.47±5.19)g/L,高于对照组的(39.18±2.76)g/L(t=3.927,P0.001);实验组术后2周总蛋白水平为(55.78±6.38)g/L,高于对照组的(36.81±5.17)g/L(t=3.847,P0.001)。实验组术后24h的TNF-α和IL-6高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);实验组术后2周的TNF-α、IL-6均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001);实验组术后2周的TNF-α、IL-6均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001);观察组的住院时长为(47.82±7.46)天,显著低于对照组的(79.36±8.10)天(t=4.275,P0.001);观察组的供皮区、植皮区、深Ⅱ度痂下愈合时间均显著低于对照组的,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论:rh GH对重度烧伤的疗效非常显著,值得在临床中推广。     

微创钻孔引流术对高血压脑出血患者近期疗效及颅内感染、血肿再扩大的影响

目的:研究微创钻孔引流术对高血压脑出血患者近期疗效及颅内感染、血肿再扩大的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年2月的81例高血压脑出血患者。按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=42)和对照组(n=39),对照组采用常规开颅血肿清除术治疗,观察组采用微创钻孔引流术治疗。观察两组治疗疗效情况,血肿量、髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、中枢神经特异蛋白S100水平、NIHSS、GCS评分,不良反应情况。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.86%(39/42)vs69.23%(27/39)](P<0.05);血肿量、MBP、S100水平均显著低于对照组[(9.32±2.70)mL vs(15.51±3.01)mL,(3.65±0.52)μg/L vs(4.20±0.71)μg/L,(0.98±0.26)μg/L vs(1.39±0.35)μg/L](P<0.05);NIHSS评分显著低于对照组[(3.90±2.71)分vs(6.34±1.42)分](P<0.05);GCS评分显著高于对照组[(14.84±3.52)分vs(10.69±3.98)分](P<0.05);不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组[9.52%(4/42)vs38.46%(15/39)](P<0.05)。结论:微创钻孔引流术治疗高血压脑出血患者的近期疗效显著,血肿清除彻底,可有效改善脑神经缺损,减少颅内感染,促进预后恢复。     

白芍总苷对糜烂型口腔扁平苔藓外周血TNF-α，IFN-γ及IL-10水平的影响

目的:研究白芍总苷对糜烂型口腔扁平苔藓外周血肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)及白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平的影响。方法:选取2014年7月至2015年7月我院接诊的糜烂型口腔扁平苔藓患者80例作为本次研究对象。对照组患者采用低浓度他克莫司治疗,观察组采用白芍总苷治疗,观察两组患者治疗前后血清TNF-α、IFN-γ及IL-10水平的变化、糜烂面积、疼痛评分及近期治疗疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组血清TNF-α、IL-10水平显著低于对照组,血清IFN-γ水平明显高于对照组[(2.16±0.61)μg/m L vs(3.04±0.80)μg/m L、(258.93±5.72)ng/L vs(273.41±6.03)ng/L、(319.27±53.46)ng/L vs(290.95±51.03)ng/L(P0.05),糜烂面积、疼痛评分均显著低于对照组[(0.10±0.03)cm2 vs(0.51±0.10)cm~2、(1.01±0.30)分vs(3.20±0.78)分](P0.05),近期治疗疗效优于对照组95.00%(38/40)vs75.00%(30/40)(P0.05)。结论:白芍总苷治疗糜烂型口腔扁平苔藓的效果显著,可能与其调节血清TNF-α、IFN-γ及IL-10的水平有关。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.