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1.
Googling the termmolecular ecotoxicology results in less than 1000hits compared to more than 8·5 million for moleculargenetics. Hence, we are dealing with a rather new orless well-defined and less propagated field of science. Springer'sbook Molecular ecotoxicology of plants edited by H. Sandermannmay therefore fill a gap and it is unique in focusing on plants.A first introductory chapter sets the stage and tries to definethe term for a broad 相似文献
2.
The InstantNotes series from Bios will probably be familiar to manyreaders. The series' success is evident in the second editionsthat are appearing, e.g. the current volumealbeit nowunder the Taylor and Francis label. Content This book does what it says on the label; it provides noteson (probably) all of the topics within the compass of present-dayplant biology. Primarily, it deals with anatomy,growth and development, physiology, reproduction, and economicuses and ecology of flowering plants (angiosperms). However,it does cover other phyla of the Kingdom Plantae (principallyin two taxonomy/evolution sections), and algae(along 相似文献
3.
Volume 16 of the Annual Plant Reviews series, compiled by AndrewJ. Fleming, focuses on intercellular communication in plants.This is an extremely interesting book that extensively coversten topics related to cellcell or long-distance communicationin plants. The chapters are written in a clear style and theycompile the most relevant and up-to-date information in a mannerunderstandable for anybody seriously interested in short- andlong-distance intercellular communication. Moreover, besidesblack-and white illustrations and photographs found in all chapters,there are also six separate colour plates. I highly recommendthis book 相似文献
4.
Highly specializedpollination systems, such as figs and their wasp or orchidsthat deceive bees in trying to make them mate with their floralorgans, are intuitively appealing to most people and have, therefore,gained far more attention both in popular and scientific literaturethan the more generalized pollination systems. For a long timethe dominant view was that many, or perhaps even most, plantpollinatorinteractions were specialized. In 1996 Waser and his colleaguestried to stir things up by writing an article in which theyargued that, in contrast to common belief, generalization waswidespread in plantpollinator systems. Ten 相似文献
5.
This book has beenwritten primarily as a text for a senior plant anatomy course.The initial phrase An introduction to is somewhatmisleading as a student would need to have some elementary knowledgeof botany as well as cell structure and physiology to followthe information and the ideas without difficulty. The authordoes 相似文献
6.
Over 40 years ago, in what is surelyone of the most famous throw-away lines in botany,Ledbetter and Porter (1963) suggested that the similar orientationsof cytoplasmic microtubules and structures considered to becellulose microfibrils in the cell wall was not coincidental.This notion led almost single-handedly to the present and enduringinterest amongst certain plant cell biologists in understandingthe role of microtubules in wall formation. And as a resultof this intense interest in such matters, it has become clearthat microtubules are not only just one componentamongst an ever-expanding array of 相似文献
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8.
Nitric oxide and its role in biological systems has had an increasedprominence in the scientific literature since the 1980s, andreally came to light as a signalling molecule in plants in thelate 1990s. As discussed in the Preface of thisbook, the number of publications concerning NO in plants hasincreased dramatically since that time, with little sign ofthis rise easing off. Therefore, a book that brings togethera variety 相似文献
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Few areas of science have progressed as rapidly, or have hadsuch an impact on public consciousness and governments, as recentadvances in plant biotechnology. These exciting scientific discoveriesand their increasing application are continuing to generateconsiderable economic, social and ethical considerations. Particularconcerns have been expressed, however, about potential foodsafety and environmental impact implications,in particular, of this revolution in biology inagriculture and the food 相似文献
11.
This volume isthe proceedings of an international congress held at the Universityof Bologna, Italy, 2731 May 2003. Major sections aredevoted to the architects of the green revolution: biodiversityand germplasm 相似文献
12.
The motivationfor producing this book is summed up in its last chapter byone of the editors: Life sciences concentrate on lifeand death; this simple statement stands for most of the urgentethical problems these sciences are confronted with ... Thelife sciences cannot escape from ethical issues, controversies,dilemmas even ... In this collection of papers we have intensivelydiscussed the new and often uncertain aspects of 相似文献
13.
This book (a translation fromSchulze et al., 2002) is one of the most comprehensive textbooksof plant ecology so far. The authors aim to for the firsttime bring together and clearly organize the large subdisciplinesof plant ecology and, to a large extent they have succeeded.The book is well written, and its more than 500 illustrationsare beautifully laid out and well chosen to help the readerunderstand the theory. It is clearly suitable not only 相似文献
14.
This comprehensivecollection of 26 papers on all aspects of function and structureof vascular tissues will be of interest for anyone working inplant structure/function generally, or to specialists dealingwith physiology of water and sugar movement, leaf functions,wood anatomy and ecophysiology. The work of 52 contributors,including the two editors whose 相似文献
15.
The title of this slim book doesn't give too much away. Thesub-title How plants changed Earth's history ismore informative. Immediately we understand that it is aboutplants; but these are plants as central characters in a dramathat takes place on the global stage, not cast in the more usualrole as bit-part players. However, the sub-title is also intriguingly– and deliberately – ambiguous; on the one handthis book is about the use of fossil plants as sources of evidencethat are changing our views of the earth's 相似文献
16.
In Trifolium repens L. there were immediate transient depolarizationsof the membrane electropotential (Evo) when KH2PO4 was addedto phosphate-free media, but these were of the same magnitudeas the controls (K2SO4 and KCI). Furthermore, the extents ofdepolarization were the same as the expected effect of the addedK+ calculated using the Goldman equation. There was no significantdepolarization on adding H3PO4 to buffered media. Consequently,there was no evidence for a depolarization caused by phosphate.This result provides evidence that the H+H2PO4 symportin roots of T. repens operates with a stoichiometry of 1: 1. In a group of control plants ( + P plants) and a group whichwere stressed by reducing the supply of phosphate ( Pplants), the P plants had lower values for Evo than+P plants ( 118 mV and 130 mV, respectively).The absence of phosphate from the measurement media also reducedEvo (mean effect = 9 mV). A significant difference in Evo between P and + P plants persisted when phosphate was addedto P plants. The electropotential difference acrossthe tonoplast (Evo) in P plants became more positivewith time. Key words: White clover, membrane transport, roots, tonoplast, symport 相似文献
17.
Age-related declines in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary women: a meta-analysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fitzgerald Margaret D.; Tanaka Hirofumi; Tran Zung V.; Seals Douglas R. 《Journal of applied physiology》1997,83(1):160-165
Fitzgerald, Margaret D., Hirofumi Tanaka, Zung V. Tran, andDouglas R. Seals. Age-related declines in maximal aerobic capacityin regularly exercising vs. sedentary women: a meta-analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 160-165, 1997.Our purpose was to determine the relationship between habitualaerobic exercise status and the rate of decline in maximal aerobiccapacity across the adult age range in women. A meta-analytic approachwas used in which mean maximal oxygen consumption(O2 max) values fromfemale subject groups (ages 18-89 yr) were obtained from thepublished literature. A total of 239 subject groups from 109 studiesinvolving 4,884 subjects met the inclusion criteria and werearbitrarily separated into sedentary (groups = 107; subjects = 2,256),active (groups = 69; subjects = 1,717), and endurance-trained (groups = 63; subjects = 911) populations.O2 max averaged 29.7 ± 7.8, 38.7 ± 9.2, and 52.0 ± 10.5 ml · kg1 · min1,respectively, and was inversely related to age within each population (r = 0.82 to 0.87, allP < 0.0001). The rate of decline inO2 max withincreasing subject group age was lowest in sedentary women (3.5ml · kg1 · min1· decade1), greater inactive women (4.4ml · kg1 · min1· decade1), andgreatest in endurance-trained women (6.2ml · kg1 · min1 · decade1)(all P < 0.001 vs. each other). Whenexpressed as percent decrease from mean levels at age ~25 yr, therates of decline inO2 max were similarin the three populations (10.0 to 10.9%/decade). Therewas no obvious relationship between aerobic exercise status and therate of decline in maximal heart rate with age. The results of thiscross-sectional study support the hypothesis that, in contrast to theprevailing view, the rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity withage is greater, not smaller, in endurance-trained vs. sedentary women.The greater rate of decline inO2 max in endurance-trained populations may be related to their higher values asyoung adults (baseline effect) and/or to greater age-related reductions in exercise volume; however, it does not appear to berelated to a greater rate of decline in maximal heart rate with age. 相似文献
18.
Plants of two genotypes of Lolium perenne L. cv. S23 and a L.perenne ? L. multiflorum Lam. hybrid cv. Augusta were grownin flowing solution culture. N was suppled in one treatmentat 10 mmol m3 NO3 throughout (HN), and in another(LN) the N supply was terminated after 10 d for 11 d. When was re-supplied both LN and HN plants were leftentire or defoliated. The two genotypes showed similar responsesto all treatments. The concentration of N in shoot dry matterdeclined from 4.4% to 2.0% and in the root from 2.8% to 1.0%over the 11 d of N deprivation, with 95% of the initially present being assimilated during this period. LN plantsassimilated 10% more of their total uptake than did HN plants. The in vitro nitrate reductase activity(NRA) was 10- to 50-fold higher in the youngest fully-expandedleaves than in roots and declined in the leaves during N deprivation.Between 26 d after defoliation, there was a large increasein NRA in leaves of HN (but not LN) plants. After defoliationof HN plants, net uptake from 10 mmol m3 declined to negligible levels within 15 h, but in defoliatedLN plants it increased to levels similar to those of entireHN plants (1520 µmol h1 g1 fr. wt.root) within 8 h. When was re-supplied to entire LN plants, uptake of increased to levels similar to those of entire HN plants within 2.3 h, butdid not markedly exceed that of HN plants for at least 10 h.Net uptake of by LN plants during depletion of stirred static nutrient solutions containing 1.0 mol m3 lagged behind that by HN plants by 70100 min, but the maximum unit absorption rate was similar for LNand HN plants (57 µmol h1 g1 fr.wt. root). The nature of the short-term demand for uptake following recovery from the stresses of defoliation andN starvation is discussed. Key words: Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, N-deficiency, defoliation, nitrate uptake, nitrate reductase, N-assimilation 相似文献
19.
The technique ofmicrocasting to unravel certain aspects of the three-dimensionalanatomy of animals (especially man) and plants goes back a longtime, but it is only recently that it has been perfected intoa fine art and a useful operational tool in plant anatomy, moreor less simultaneously by Jean-Pierre André in Franceand by Tomoyuki Fujii and co-workers in 相似文献
20.
Two indisputable features distinguish plants from animals one is the chloroplast, the other the cell wall. This volumeis directed to the newest information we have on the cell wall,the major polysaccharide component, pectin, and the ways thatpectins can be changed. A summary of 36 papers presented at the Second InternationalSymposium on Pectins and Pectinases (2001), this book describesaspects of synthesis, chemical constitution, properties andimmunological identification of pectins with the molecular genetics,structure and function 相似文献