Book Review

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Social Anthropology in Polynesia. F elix M. K eesing
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Social Anthropology in Melanesia. A. P. E lkin .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Report on a Melanau Sago Producing Community in Sarawak. H. S. M orris
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: The Chinese of Sarawak: A Study of Social Structure. J u - k ' ang T' ien     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY: Being a Palauan . H. G. Barnett
ETHNOLOGY: Bunyaro: An African Kingdom . John Beattie
ETHNOLOGY: The Tiwi of North Australia . C. W. M. Hart and Arnold R. Pilling
ETHNOLOGY: The Cheyennes: Indians of the Great Plains . E. Adamson Hoebel
ETHNOLOGY: Tepoztlán: Village in Mexico . Oscar Lewis     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: The Azande, and Related Peoples of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and Belgian Congo . P. T. W. B axter and A udrey B utt .
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho . I. M. L ewis .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY: History of an African Independent Church. Volume I: The Church of the Lord (Aladura) . H. W. Turner.
ETHNOLOGY: African Independent Church. Volume II: The Life and Faith of the Church of the Lord (Aladura). H. W. Turner.     

REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
Speciation in Tropical Environments . Ed. by R. H. L owe -M c C onnell .
Determination of Angiosperm Families by means of a Punched-Card System . By B. H ansen and K. R ahn.
Numerical Taxonomy . Ed. by A. J. C ole.
Flowers of Europe—a Field Guide . By O. P olunin.
Spring Flora of Minnesota, including Common Cultivated Plants . By T homas M orley.
The Early Development of Irish Society: the Evidence of Aerial Photography . By E. R. N orman and J. K. S. S t J oseph.
Plant Pathology . By G. N. A grios.
Mycological Studies honoring John N. Couch . Ed. by W. J. K ock.
Common Edible Mushrooms . By C lyde M. C hristensen .
Fungal Parasitism . By B rian J. D everall.
The Algae—A Review . By G. W. P rescott .
An Introduction to the Principles of Plant Physiology , By W. S tiles and E. C. C ocking .
Perspectives in Phytochemistry . Ed. by J. B. H arborne and T. S wain .
Introduction to Plant Physiology . By J acob L evitt .
Root Growth . Ed. by W. J. W hittington .
Statistics and Experimental Design . By G eoffrey M. C larke .
Ecological Aspects of the Mineral Nutrition of Plants . Ed. by I. H. R orison et al.
Evolution and Phylogeny of Flowering Plants . By J. H utchinson .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY: Caste and Kinship in Central India: A Village and its Region . Adrian C. Mayer
ETHNOLOGY. Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and North-west Pakistan . E. R. Leach     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Handbook of West African Art. William R. Bascom and Paul Gebauer
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Les Civilisations Africaines. Denise Paulme
ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: Contribution a l'Étude de l'Histoire de l'Ancien Royaume de Porto-Novo. A. Akindélé and C. Aguessy     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
Grass Evolution and Domestication: G.P.Chapman
Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland: M.O.Hill, C.D.Preston and A. J.E.Smith
Anatomy of Flowering Plants, An Introduction to Structure and Development, 2nd Ed.: P.Rudall
The Family Rosaceae in India (Revisionary Studies on Some Genera).Vol. I: K.M.Purohit and G.Panigrahi     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

Book reviewed in this article:
E rben , H. K.: Die Entwicklung der Lebewesen. Spielregeln der Evolution. R einboth , R. (Ed.): Intersexuality in the Animal Kingdom.
The Sea Urchin Embryo. Biochemistry and Morphogenesis. Hrsg. von G. C zihak unter Mitwirkung von R. P eter . Vorwort von J. B rachet .
The Blood of Sheep. Composition and Function. Ed. by M. H. B lunt . With contributions by M. H. B lunt , R. I. C ox , C. C. C urtain , J. D. D argie , K. A. F erguson , P. H. H olmes , T. H. J. H uisman , W. M. F. L eat , D. B. L indsay , W. V. M acfarlane , E. W. M oodie and E. M. T ucker .
S tephan , H.: Allocortex. Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen. Begründet von W. v. M öllendorf , fortgeführt von W. B argmann . Bd. 4, Teil 9.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ETHNOLOGY: Les Citadins Katangais et Leur Jardin: Aspects Psycho-sociaux de la Vie en Milieu Africain Urbain. Robert Dethier. Foreword by René Clémens.
ETHNOLOGY: Une Famille de Citadins du Katanga. Robert Dethier. Foreword by René Clémens.     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Photosynthesis. By D. O. H all and K. K. R ao .
Management of Mycorrhizas in Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry. Edited by A. D. R obson , L.K. A bbott & N. M alajczuk .
Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland. Volume 3. Mosses (Diplolepidene). By M. O. H ill . C. D. Preston & A. J. E. S mith
Shikimic Acid: Metabolism and Metabolites. By E dwin H aslam .     

Expression of multiple Src family kinases in sea urchin eggs and their function in Ca release at fertilization

Egg activation at fertilization in deuterostomes requires a rise in intracellular Ca²⁺, which is released from the egg's endoplasmic reticulum. In sea urchins, a Src Family Kinase (SpSFK1) is necessary for the PLCγ-mediated signaling event that initiates this Ca²⁺ release (Giusti, A.F., O'Neill, F.J., Yamasu, K., Foltz, K.R. and Jaffe, L.A., 2003. Function of a sea urchin egg Src family kinase in initiating Ca2+ release at fertilization. Dev. Biol. 256, 367-378.). Annotation of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome sequence led to the identification of additional, predicted SFKs (Bradham, C.A., Foltz, D.R., Beane, W.S., Amone, M.I., Rizzo, F., Coffman, J.A., Mushegian, A., Goel, M., Morales, J., Geneviere, A.M., Lapraz, F., Robertson, A.J., Kelkar, H., Loza-Coll, M., Townley, I.K., Raisch, M., Roux, M.M., Lepage, T., Gache, C., McClay, D.R., Manning, G., 2006. The sea urchin kinome: a first look. Dev. Biol. 300, 180-193.; Roux, M.M., Townley, I.K., Raisch, M., Reade, A., Bradham, C., Humphreys, G., Gunaratne, H.J., Killian, C.E., Moy, G., Su, Y.H., Ettensohn, C.A., Wilt, F., Vacquier, V.D., Burke, R.D., Wessel, G. and Foltz, K.R., 2006. A functional genomic and proteomic perspective of sea urchin calcium signaling and egg activation. Dev. Biol. 300, 416-433.). Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of these 4 additional SFKs and test their function during the initial Ca²⁺ release at fertilization using the dominant-interfering microinjection method coupled with Ca²⁺ recording. While two of the new SFKs (SpFrk and SpSFK3) are necessary for Ca²⁺ release, SpSFK5 appears dispensable for early egg to embryo transition events. Interestingly, SpSFK7 may be involved in preventing precocious release of Ca²⁺. Binding studies indicate that only SpSFK1 is capable of direct interaction with PLCγ. Immunolocalization studies suggest that one or more SpSFK and PLCγ are localized to the egg cortex and at the site of sperm-egg interaction. Collectively, these data indicate that more than one SFK is involved in the Ca²⁺ release pathway at fertilization.     

Family 18 chitolectins: comparison of MGP40 and HUMGP39

Glycosidase and lectins both bind sugars, but only the glycosidases have catalytic activity. The glycosidases occur among over 100 evolved protein families and Family 18 is one of the two chitinases (EC 3, 2.1.14) families. Interestingly, lectins are also in this evolutionary group of Family 18 glycosidase proteins. The proteins belonging to the enzymatically inactive class are referred to as chitolectins and have a binding site that is highly similar to the catalytic Family 18 enzymes. We present a comparison of the recently obtained structures of two Family 18 chitolectins, MGP40 [A.K. Mohanty, G. Singh, M. Paramasivam, K. Saravanan, T. Jabeen, S. Sharma, S. Yadav, P. Kaur, P. Kumar, A. Srinivasan, T.P. Singh, Crystal structure of a novel regulatory 40kDa mammary gland protein (MGP-40) secreted during involution, J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 14451-14460.] and HumGP39 [F. Fusetti, T. Pijning, K.H. Kalk, E. Bos, B.W. Dijkstra, Crystal structure and carbohydrate-binding properties of the human cartilage glycoprotein-39, J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 37753-37760; D.R. Houston, D.R. Anneliese, C.K. Joanne, D.M.V. Aalten, Structure and ligand-induced conformational change of the 39kDa glycoprotein from human articular chondrocytes, J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 30206-30212.] with a focus on the glycosidase active site. We compare the sequence and the structure of these two Family 18 protein classes. The difference between the active and inactive protein is a glutamic acid which acts as the essential acid/base residue for chitin cleavage and is replaced with leucine or glutamine in the chitolectins. Furthermore, a mechanism for the interaction between the chitolectin and oligosaccharides was proposed.     

Reviews

The Flavonoids. Advances in Research since 1980. Ed. by J. B. H arborne .
Hungry crops : a guide to nutrient deficiencies in field crops By N. J. G rundon .
Microbial ecology: organisms, habitats, activities. By H einz S tolp .
Evolutionary Biology of the Fungi. Ed. by A. D. M. R ayner , C. M. B rasier and D. M oore .
Micro-algal Biotechnology . Edited by M.A. B orowitzka and L. J. B orowitzka and L. J. B orowitzka .
Experimental Phycology: A laboratory manual Edited by C hristopher S. L obban , D avid J. C hapman , and B runo P. K remer .
100 Families of Flowering Plants. By M. H ickey and C. K ing .
Differentiation Patterns in Higher Plants. Edited by K. M. U rbanska .
The Living Tundra. By Yu. I. C hernov , Translated by D. L öve .
North American Terrestrial Vegetation. Edited by M. G. B arbour & W. D. B illings .
Biogeography and Quaternary History in Tropical Latin America. By T. C. W hitmore and G. T. P rance (Editors).
Biogeographical Evolution of the Malay Archipelago . By T. C. W hitmore (Editor).
Postglacial Vegetation of Canada. By J. C. R ichie .     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns . By the late J. C. W illis . Seventh edition, revised by H. K. A iry S haw .
The Principles of Pollination Ecology . By K. F aegri and L. van D er P ijl .
Studies in Biology, No. 5, Plant Taxonomy . By V. H. H eywood .
Deadly Harvest . By J ohn M. K ingsbury .
Plant Physiology . By H enrik G. L undegardh . Translated by F. M. I rvine , Translation edited by W. O. J ames .
The Biology of Lichens . By M ason E. H ale J r . In: Contemporary Biology Series, General editors E. J. W. B arrington and A. J. W illis .
Plant Biology Today . Second edition. Ed. by W. A. J ensen and L. G. K avaljian .
Organisation in Plants . Second edition. By B. M. B aron .
Fortschritte der Botanik , Band 28. Ed. by E. B ünning , H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. M erxmuller and P. S itte .
Taxonomy of Flowering Plants . Second edition. By C. L. P orter .
The Study of Biology . By J. J. W. B aker and G. E. A llen .
Experiments in the Study of Biology . By J. J. W. B aker , G. E. A llen , E. G age and S. K. W ebster .
Grundriss der Phytopathologie iind des Pflanzenschutzes . By H ans -A lfred K irchner .
Bibliography of Seeds . Compiled and edited by L. V. B arton .
Pollen Grains of Western Himalaxan Plants . By P. K. K. N air .
Families of Flowering Plants in Ethiopia . By W. C. B urger .     

REVIEWS

Book Reviwed in this article:
The History of the British Flora. By Sir H arry G odwin .
The Euphorbiaceae of Borneo. By H. K. A iry S haw .
Ecology of Plants in the Tropics. (Studies in Biology No. 58, Institute of Biology.) By D aniel H. J anzen .
Pacific Plant Areas. Volume 3. Ed. by M. M. van B algooy .
The Liverworts of New Zealand. By K. W. A llison and J ohn C hild .
Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants. Basic principles and techniques. By V. A. K rasilov .
Plant Propagation , 3rd edn. By H udson T. H artmann and D ale E. K ester .
The Lytic Compartment of Plant Cells. By PH. M atile .
Plant Pathogenesis. By H. W heeler .
Phytotronics in Agricultural and Horticultural Research. Ed. by P. C houard and N. de B ilderling .
Phytoplankton. By A. D. B oney .
Krankheiten und Schädlinge an Getreide und Mais. By C. B uhl .     

Book Notes

The Systems of Land Tenure in the Kikuyu Land Unit . H. E. L ambert
Hawaiian Antiquities (Moolelo Hawaii ). D avid M alo
Navaho Means People . L eonard M c C ombe , E von Z. V ogt , and C lyde K luckhohn
Paradox and Nirvana . R obert L awson S later
The North American Buffalo. A Critical Study of the Species in Its Wild State . F rank G ilbert R oe
The Wulfing Plates: Products of Prehistoric Americans . V irginia D rew W atson
The Medora Site. West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana . G eorge I. Q uimby
The Crable Site, Fulton County, Illinois. A Late Prehistoric Site in the Central Illinois Valley . H ale G illiam S mith
Archaeology of the Columbia-Fraser Region . M arian W. S mith
Cattle Point: A Stratified Site in the Southern Northwest Coast Region . A rden R. K ing
Hyperbrachycephaly as Influenced by Cultural Conditioning . J. F ranklin E wing
Surgery of the Shoulder . A. F. D e P alma
The Mark of Oppression, A Psychological Study of the American Negro . A bram K ardiner and L ionel O vesey
Race Relations: The Interaction of Ethnic Groups . B rewton B erry
The Sociology of Georg Simmel . Translated, edited, and with an introduction by K urt H. W olff
Social Behavior and Personality: Contributions of W. I. Thomas to Theory and Social Research . Edited by E dmund H. V olkart
Handbook of Latin American Studies : 1948, No. 14. F rancisco A guilera , ed
Area Studies in American Universities . W endell C. B ennett     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Mycoplasma Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Ed. by K. M aramorosch and S. P. R aychaudhuhi .
Alpine Rasengesellschaften auf Silikatgestein bei Davos. By L uca V etterli .
The Rust Fungi. Ed. by K. J. S cott and A. K. C hakravorty .
Environment and Plant Ecology. By J. R. E thehington .
Cryptogams. By K. E sser
Nitrogen fixation. Volume 1: Ecology. Ed. by W. J. B roughton .
Agricultural Plants. By R. H. M. L anger and G. D. H ill
Decomposer Basidiomycetes: their Biology and Ecology. Ed. by J. C. F rankland , J. N. H edger and M. J. S wift .
Cell Walls'81: Proceeding of the Second Cell Wall Meeting held in Gottingen, April 8–11, 1981. Ed. by D. G. R obinson and H. Q uader .