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了解陕西省手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的致病病原体柯萨奇病毒A10型(CV-A10)的流行特征及VP1区基因特征。对2014年收集的HFMD病例标本,通过荧光定量PCR检测确定肠道病毒型别,对CV-A10引起的HFMD流行特征进行描述性分析。使用RD细胞进行病毒分离,RT-PCR扩增CV-A10的VP1区基因片段并进行序列测定,使用Meg Align软件进行核苷酸及氨基酸的同源性分析,并使用MEGA5.0软件构建系统进化树。2014年CV-A10是陕西HFMD病原谱中的第三大病原,占其他肠道病毒的57.71%,13例重症HFMD病例的致病病原体鉴定为CV-A10,占重症病例的9.03%。CV-A10感染HFMD病例以≤3岁年龄组儿童为主(83.07%),男女性别比为1.15∶1。发病时间主要集中在4～7月。实验室分离出101株CV-A10,覆盖全省10市(区)。完成测序的18株CV-A10核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为94.0%～100.0%和97.3%～100.0%,与A型原型株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为76.2%～77.5%和91.9%～93.0%,与近年来河北、湖南和河南地区流行株具有较高的同源性。系统进化显示陕西CV-A10分离株属于C基因型。CV-A10是2014年陕西HFMD的优势病原,能引起重症HFMD,本次分离到的CV-A10毒株均属于C基因型。 相似文献
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Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), together with enterovirus type 71 (EV71), is responsible for most cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) worldwide. Recent findings suggest that the recombination between CVA16 and EV71, and the co-circulation of these two viruses may have contributed to the increase of HFMD cases in China over the past few years. It is therefore important to further understand the virology, epidemiology, virus-host interactions and host pathogenesis of CVA16. In this study, we describe the viral kinetics of CVA16 in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells by analyzing the cytopathic effect (CPE), viral RNA replication, viral protein expression, viral RNA package and viral particle secretion in RD cells. We show that CVA16 appears to first attach, uncoat and enter into the host cell after adsorption for 1 h. Later on, CVA16 undergoes rapid replication from 3 to 6 h at MOI 1 and until 9 h at MOI 0.1. At MOI 0.1, CVA16 initiates a secondary infection as the virions were secreted before 9 h p.i. CPE was observed after 12 h p.i., and viral antigen was first detected at 6 h p.i. at MOI 1 and at 9 h p.i. at MOI 0.1. Thus, our study provides important information for further investigation of CVA16 in order to better understand and ultimately control infections with this virus. 相似文献
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目的了解濮阳市手足口病流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法通过国家疾病监测信息管理系统收集的全市2008—2012年6月6日手足口病疫情资料进行描述和分析,并对部分病例和重症病例标本进行肠道病毒病原学检测。结果全市共报手足口病16 492例,发病高峰是每年的3-5月(第12～20周),呈典型的单峰型曲线;发病年龄以0～4岁居多;男性多于女性;散居儿童多于托幼机构儿童,爆发病例多发生在托幼机构,手足口病病原有EV71、CoxA16和其他肠道病毒,以EV71和CoxA16为主。结论手足口病发病有明显的季节性、年龄和性别差异,小年龄组儿童是手足口病预防控制重点人群,流行年度和流行季节的优势毒株为EV71,重症患者中EV71占到86.35%;非流行年和季节手足病例主要由CoxA16和其他肠道病毒引起。手足口病防控重点应体现在对病例分类管理上,同时应继续加强重症病例疫情监测和爆发控制。 相似文献
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Suqin Duan Fengmei Yang Yanyan Li Yuan Zhao Li Shi Meng Qin Quan Liu Weihua Jin Junbin Wang Lixiong Chen Wei Zhang Yongjie Li Ying Zhang Jingjing Zhang Shaohui Ma Zhanlong He Qihan Li 《中国病毒学》2022,37(4):610-618
Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is one of the etiological agents associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and also causes a variety of illnesses in humans, including pneumonia, and myocarditis. Different people, particularly young children, may have different immunological responses to infection. Current CV-A10 infection animal models provide only a rudimentary understanding of the pathogenesis and effects of this virus. The characteristics of CV-A10 infection, replication, and shedding in humans remain unknown. In this study, rhesus macaques were infected by CV-A10 via respiratory or digestive route to mimic the HFMD in humans. The clinical symptoms, viral shedding, inflammatory response and pathologic changes were investigated in acute infection (1–11 day post infection) and recovery period (12–180 day post infection). All infected rhesus macaques during acute infection showed obvious viremia and clinical symptoms which were comparable to those observed in humans. Substantial inflammatory pathological damages were observed in multi-organs, including the lung, heart, liver, and kidney. During the acute period, all rhesus macaques displayed clinical signs, viral shedding, normalization of serum cytokines, and increased serum neutralizing antibodies, whereas inflammatory factors caused some animals to develop severe hyperglycemia during the recovery period. In addition, there were no significant differences between respiratory and digestive tract infected animals. Overall, all data presented suggest that the rhesus macaques provide the first non-human primate animal model for investigating CV-A10 pathophysiology and assessing the development of potential human therapies. 相似文献
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柯萨奇病毒B组5型(Coxsackievirus B5,CVB5)感染人体后可引起一系列疾病,包括上呼吸道感染、腹泻、手足口病(Hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)、病毒性脑炎、无菌性脑膜炎、胰腺炎、弛缓性麻痹、扩张性心肌炎以及糖尿病等症状。为了解云南省手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎患者中CVB5的分子特征,本研究从2018-2019年昆明市儿童医院收集的HFMD和疱疹性咽峡炎(Herpangina,HA)患者粪便中分离得到9株CVB5,基于CVB5的VP1区的系统进化树以及蛋白二级结构的预测来分析分离株的基因序列特征以及与CVB5原型株Faulkner之间的差异,并对CVB5的分子流行病学特征进行分析。结果显示,2018-2019年分离株均属于E基因簇,与Faulkner株相比,所有分离株的VP1区域的氨基酸出现共同的10个氨基酸突变且增加了1个蛋白连接位点。本研究初步探索了肠道病毒CVB5进化过程中突变导致患者症状的差异以及揭示CVB5的全球流行趋势。 相似文献
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Suqin Duan Wei Zhang Yongjie Li Yanyan Li Yuan Zhao Weihua Jin Quan Liu Mingxue Li Wenting Sun Lixiong Chen Hongjie Xu Jie Tang Jinghan Hou Zijun Deng Fengmei Yang Shaohui Ma Zhanlong He 《中国病毒学》2024,39(2):290-300
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the pathogen causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which manifests across a spectrum of clinical severity from mild to severe. However, CVB3-infected mouse models mainly demonstrate viral myocarditis and pancreatitis, failing to replicate human HFMD symptoms. Although several enteroviruses have been evaluated in Syrian hamsters and rhesus monkeys, there is no comprehensive data on CVB3. In this study, we have first tested the susceptibility of Syrian hamsters to CVB3 infection via different routes. The results showed that Syrian hamsters were successfully infected with CVB3 by intraperitoneal injection or nasal drip, leading to nasopharyngeal colonization, acute severe pathological injury, and typical HFMD symptoms. Notably, the nasal drip group exhibited a longer viral excretion cycle and more severe pathological damage. In the subsequent study, rhesus monkeys infected with CVB3 through nasal drips also presented signs of HFMD symptoms, viral excretion, serum antibody conversion, viral nucleic acids and antigens, and the specific organ damages, particularly in the heart. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in myocardial enzyme levels, and the clinical symptoms resembled those often associated with common, mild infections. In summary, the study successfully developed severe Syrian hamsters and mild rhesus monkey models for CVB3-induced HFMD. These models could serve as a basis for understanding the disease pathogenesis, conducting pre-trial prevention and evaluation, and implementing post-exposure intervention. 相似文献
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埃可病毒11型(Echovirus 11,ECHO11)属于肠道病毒B组,是最常见的人类肠道病毒(Human enterovirus,HEV)之一,常引起儿童无菌性脑膜炎、脑炎和急性迟缓性麻痹等疾病。为了对云南省手足口病(Hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)监测中分离到的4株ECHO11毒株的VP1基因进行序列分析,并为云南地区ECHO11的进化及流行趋势等研究提供基础数据,本研究对收集到的HFMD病例标本进行病毒分离培养和鉴定,对鉴定为ECHO11的毒株VP1基因测定其完整序列,与GenBank上其他参考株的VP1区序列构建遗传进化树进行基因分析。结果显示,4株ECHO11型毒株分属A1和D5两个基因亚型,分别与各自基因亚型参考株的同源性为最高。D5基因亚型ECHO11分离株在进化树上聚集为3簇,提示存在多个传播链,其D5-1簇的VP1区氨基酸在多个位点上与同基因亚型的其他簇参考株存在特异突变。本研究揭示,云南地区存在两种不同基因亚型的ECHO11流行情况,特别是D5亚型的出现,提示我国周边流行的ECHO11基因型已进入中国大陆,应密切关注其流行变异情况,为今后制定由ECHO11引起的HFMD的公共卫生策略提供依据。 相似文献
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柯萨奇病毒B组3型(Coxsackievirus B3,CVB3)是肠道病毒中流行较为广泛的血清型之一,在全球多个国家和地区曾报道儿童急性心肌炎、无菌性脑膜炎、手足口病等的暴发流行,严重威胁儿童健康和公共卫生安全。本研究对广东省2020年手足口病患者标本中分离到的8株CVB3进行基因特征和进化分析,结果显示分离到的8株CVB3 VP1区核苷酸序列相似性为98.2%~99.5%,与原型株Nancy的核苷酸序列相似性在77.9%~78.5%之间,与其他CVB3中国大陆流行株的核苷酸序列相似性为79.6%~82.2%。8株CVB3均为E基因型,为广东省首次报道。8株CVB3分离株在进化树上聚集,提示病毒发生了局部传播。全基因组序列分析提示2株广东CVB3分离株在非结构蛋白区有重组现象的发生。本研究为E基因型CVB3在我国的流行传播和疾病防控提供基础资料。 相似文献
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Hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) is a major public health concern in China. The most predominant enteroviruses that cause HFMD have traditionally been attributed to enterovirus A71(EVA71) and coxsackievirus A16(CVA16). Since its first large outbreak in 2008, the dominant HFMD pathogens are constantly changing. In 2013 and 2015, CVA6 exceeded both EVA71 and CVA16 to become the leading cause of HFMD in some provinces. However, there still lacks a comprehensive overview on the molecular epidemiology and evolution of HFMD-related enteroviruses at the national level. In this study, we performed systematic epidemiological analyses of HFMD-related enteroviruses using the data of 64 published papers that met the inclusion criteria, and conducted phylogenetic analyses based on 12,080 partial VP1 sequences identified in China before 31 st June 2018. We found that EVA71 prevalence has decreased sharply but other enteroviruses have increased rapidly from 2008 to 2016 and that one subtype of each enterovirus is represented during the epidemic. In addition, four genotypes EVA71_C4, CVA16_B1, CVA6_D and CVA10_C are the most predominant enterovirus strains and collectively they cause over 90% of all HFMD cases in China according to the phylogenetic trees using representative partial VP1 sequences. These four major enterovirus genotypes have different geographical distributions, and they may cocirculate with other genotypes and serotypes. These results suggest that more molecular epidemiological studies should be performed on several enteroviruses simultaneously, and such information should have implications for virological surveillance, disease management, vaccine development and policy-making on the prevention and control of HFMD. 相似文献
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分析2008～2017年新疆维吾尔手足口病流行病学和病原学特征。采用描述性流行病学的方法,对2008～2017年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的手足口病例和新疆手足口病网络实验室数据的进行分析。2008～2017年新疆累计报告手足口病例68 820例,重症107例,死亡10例,年均发病率为31.33/10万;病例主要集中在乌鲁木齐市、伊犁州、昌吉州和塔城地区,占总病例数68.26%;5月～7月为发病高峰,病例以1岁～4岁儿童为主,占总病例数的74.46%,散居儿童和幼托儿童分别占51.52%和40.34%;对12 345例手足口病例标本进行核酸检测,阳性8 872例,阳性率71.87%,普通病例中肠道病毒71型(EV-A71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CV-Al6)和其他肠道病毒分别占33.01%、40.33%和26.65%,重症和死亡病例的病原型别均以EV-A71为主,分别占91.03%和100%。新疆1岁～4岁的儿童为手足口病主要发病人群,不同地区发病水平不同,手足口病病原谱呈现EV-A71、CV-A16和其他EV交替流行态势。 相似文献
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本文旨在分析2011—2016年上海地区手足口病病原谱的构成和主要病原体流行规律,为手足口病的疫情防控和重症预警提供参考。采集2011—2016年哨点医院临床诊断为手足口病的患儿标本,首先进行肠道病毒通用型核酸和分型检测,其次对2012—2016年核酸检测为柯萨奇病毒A组6型(coxsackievirus A6,CA6)阳性样本进行基因型重组检测,分离重组型和非重组型CA6株,比较两者生物学特性。结果显示,2011—2012年秋季上海地区手足口病主要致病原为肠道病毒71型(enterovirus type 71,EV71)和CA16;2012年秋季起CA6成为主要病原体;2013—2014年重组型CA6(recombinant CA6,R CA6)占一定比例;2015—2016年非重组型CA6(non-recombinant CA6,NR CA6)成为优势流行株。R CA6和NR CA6代表株在RD细胞中增殖良好,在KB、MRC-5和HEp-2细胞中未见明显增殖。比较R CA6与NR CA6代表株接种于RD细胞后细胞活性下降的动态变化,未见显著差异。本研究证实,CA6为近年来上海地区手足口病的主要病原体,R CA6和NR CA6的构成比逐年变化,提示持续监测手足口病主要病原体并了解其生物学特性,对上海地区手足口病的防控预警及疫苗研发具有重要意义。 相似文献
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2007年北京地区儿童手足口病病原的初步筛查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2007年4～6月儿童手足口病流行期间,对北京地区51例皮损症状典型、伴/不伴发热、无重症合并症的手足口病患儿采样,建立RT-PCR方法,以5'非编码区(5'UTR)肠道病毒通用引物、CA16和EV71 VP1区特异性引物直接对82份临床标本进行了初步筛查,肠道病毒阳性率达70.6%。检测病例中CA16阳性25例(25/51)、EV71阳性4例(4/51)、非CA16和EV71的肠道病毒阳性病例7例(7/51),三者比例约为6:1:2。2007年北京地区儿童轻症手足口病主要病原包括CA16和EV71,同时还存在一定比例其它肠道病毒。部分EV71毒株经测序验证及系统进化分析显示为C4基因亚型。 相似文献
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Yonghong Zhou Chongchen Zhou Kai Wang Qi Qiu Yibing Cheng Yu Li Peng Cui Lu Liang Peng Li Xiaowei Deng Lili Wang Wen Zheng Hui Gong Fang Wang Meng Xu Justin Jang Hann Chu Lance Turtle Hongjie Yu 《中国病毒学》2023,38(2):268-275
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major public health problem among children in the Asia-Pacific region. The optimal specimen for HFMD virological diagnosis remains unclear. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) neutralizing antibody titres detected in paired sera were considered the reference standard for calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of throat swabs, rectal swabs, stool, blood samples and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by RT-PCR or ELISA assay. In this study, clinical samples from 276 HFMD patients were collected for analysing the sensitivity of different kind of specimens. Our results showed that stool had the highest sensitivity (88%, 95% CI: 74%–96%) and agreement with the reference standard (91%). The order of diagnostic yield for EV-A71 infection was stool sample ≥ rectal swab > throat swab > blood sample > CSF sample, and using a combination of clinical samples improved sensitivity for enterovirus detection. The sensitivity of ELISA for IgM antibody detection in sterile-site specimens was significantly higher than that of RT-PCR (serum/plasma: 62% vs. 2%, CSF: 47% vs. 0%) (P < 0.002). In conclusion, our results suggest that stool has the highest diagnostic yield for EV-A71-infected HFMD. If stool is unavailable, rectal swabs can be collected to achieve a similar diagnostic yield. Otherwise, throat swabs may be useful in detecting positive samples. Although IgM in blood or CSF is diagnostically accurate, it lacks sensitivity, missing 40%–50% of cases. The higher proportion of severe cases and shorter interval between onset and sampling contributed to the increase in congruency between clinical testing and the serological reference standard. 相似文献
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Qiu-Yan Zhang Jia-Qi Li Qi Li Yang Zhang Zhe-Rui Zhang Xiao-Dan Li Hong-Qing Zhang Cheng-Lin Deng Feng-Xia Yang Yi Xu Bo Zhang 《中国病毒学》2024,39(2):301-308
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common pediatric illness mainly caused by enteroviruses, which are important human pathogens. Currently, there are no available antiviral agents for the therapy of enterovirus infection. In this study, an excellent high-content antiviral screening system utilizing the EV-A71-eGFP reporter virus was developed. Using this screening system, we screened a drug library containing 1042 natural compounds to identify potential EV-A71 inhibitors. Fangchinoline (FAN), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, exhibits potential inhibitory effects against various enteroviruses that cause HFMD, such as EV-A71, CV-A10, CV-B3 and CV-A16. Further investigations revealed that FAN targets the early stage of the enterovirus life cycle. Through the selection of FAN-resistant EV-A71 viruses, we demonstrated that the VP1 protein could be a potential target of FAN, as two mutations in VP1 (E145G and V258I) resulted in viral resistance to FAN. Our research suggests that FAN is an efficient inhibitor of EV-A71 and has the potential to be a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against human enteroviruses. 相似文献
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《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2015,17(2):155-162
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by multiple enterovirus infections is a serious health threat to children in the Asia–Pacific region. This article reviews progresses in the development of vaccines for HFMD and discusses the need for polyvalent HFMD vaccines for conferring broad-spectrum protection. 相似文献
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埃可病毒9型(Echovirus 9,ECHO-9)是引起无菌性脑膜炎(Aseptic meningitis,AM)和手足口病(Hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)暴发流行的重要病原体,但目前全球关于ECHO-9分子流行病学研究仍比较匮乏,ECHO-9基于VP1全长的基因分型结果尚未明确。本研究依托国家HFMD监测网络,2013-2019年在中国大陆共分离到15株ECHO-9毒株,对其进行VP1区全长序列测定和分析,并与GenBank中下载的全部112条ECHO-9VP1区全长序列共同构建系统发育进化树。结果显示,全球ECHO-9分为A-G七个基因型,其中C、D和F基因型可被进一步划分为C1-C2,D1-D4和F1-F2基因亚型。各洲之间优势基因型别有显著差异,亚洲和欧洲分别以D和C基因型为绝对优势基因型。中国大陆ECHO-9优势基因型别为D基因型,但其优势基因亚型随时间推移有明显转变。2000-2005年,中国大陆ECHO-9全部为D1基因亚型,2006年开始出现D1、D2和D3基因亚型的共同流行,2010年后D1和D2基因亚型消失,D3成为中国大陆绝对优势基因型别。本研究测定的15株ECHO-9分离自2013-2019年,其中14株属于D3基因亚型,1株江西ECHO-9为C2基因亚型,推测其可能来源于境外。本研究建立了全球ECHO-9基于VP1全长的基因分型方法,揭示了ECHO-9在全国及全球范围的分子流行特征。 相似文献
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本文旨在建立一种快速、高效的方法检测肠道病毒71型（EV71）和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)的方法,以用于儿童手足口病的病原学监测。通过设计肠道病毒通用引物和CA16与EV71的型特异性引物,建立不同引物浓度配比及两阶段退火温度以提高检测敏感性和特异性的多重反转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法,并对首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院2010年3~10月收集的371例手足口病患儿共381份临床标本同时进行病毒分离和核酸检测。结果显示,本研究建立的多重RT-PCR方法对CA16和EV71的最低模板检测浓度分别为5.32 pg/ml和0.64 pg/ml,反应特异度为100%。应用该方法检测381份手足口病临床标本的总阳性率为78.4%,其中CA16与EV71的检测阳性率分别为32.6%和35.8%,二者检测阳性比为1:1.1。以病毒分离为标准,多重RT-PCR对CA16及EV71检测的准确率分别为95.2%和98.6%。因此,本研究新建立的多重RT-PCR方法准确、简便,适用于较大量样本的手足口病病原学监测。2010年引起北京地区儿童手足口病的主要病原为CA16和EV71。 相似文献