脐血流S／D比值异常108例临床分析

目的：应用胎儿脐血流检测仪测定脐动脉S／D值探讨导致脐血流S／D比值升高的主要原因。方法：对2009年9月-2010年12月在我院进行产前检查的1919例孕28-42周的孕妇检测胎儿脐动脉血流（S／D）。结果：异常组108例的脐带因素、胎儿窘迫、羊水过少及妊高征的发生率均明显高于正常组,两者比较差异有显著性（P〈0．0S）。结论：脐动脉S／D比值增高可及早地警示和发现胎儿宫内缺氧情况,指导临床提早采取干预和处理措施,提高围产保健质量。     

孕妇UtA与胎儿UmA和MCA测量在胎儿宫内窘迫诊断中的价值

目的:探讨胎儿大脑中动脉(Middle cerebral artery,MCA)与脐动脉(umbilical artery,UmA)和孕妇子宫动脉(uterine artery,UtA)测量诊断胎儿宫内窘迫的临床价值。方法:将我院自2017年1月至2019年1月间收治的孕晚期发生胎儿宫内窘迫的孕妇80例作为研究组,选择同期入院各项指标正常的健康孕妇78例作为对照组,对比观察两组胎儿MCA与UmA和孕妇UtA预测胎儿窘迫的价值及胎儿MCA与UmA与新生儿Apgar评分的相关性。结果:研究组孕妇UtA血流参数脐血流搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)、脐血流阻力指数(resistance index,RI)和收缩/舒张比(systole/diastole ratios,S/D)指标水平均明显高于对照组,研究组胎儿MCA血流参数PI、S/D均明显低于对照组,研究组患儿UmA的血流参数PI和S/D高于对照组(P<0.05),RI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组新生儿Apgar评分≤7分的比例为40.00%,明显高于对照组15.38%。研究组UmA-PI、UmA-RI和UmA-S/D随着Apgar评分的降低呈现升高的趋势,MCA-PI、MCA-S/D和MCA-S/D随着Apgar评分的降低呈现逐渐减低的趋势。UtA血流参数联合MCA血流参数诊断胎儿宫内窘迫的敏感度为97.50%,特异性为96.25%,均明显高于各项参数单独诊断在的敏感度和特异性(P<0.05)。结论:临床可利用孕晚期孕妇UtA、胎儿UmA和MCA的血流动力学参数改变来预测胎儿宫内窘迫发生的几率,根据胎儿UmA和MCA的血流指标随着Apgar评分的变化趋势,可指导临床早期干预,降低胎儿出生缺陷和死亡率,临床价值较高,可推广使用。     

丹参治疗胎儿生长受限的疗效分析

目的探讨丹参对胎儿生长受限(FGR)的疗效。方法选择我院及廊坊卫生职业学院2012年1月~2014年1月收治的产前检查诊断为FGR者71例,随机分成二组:实验组35例,对照组36例。对照组用能量合剂+复方氨基酸等药物静滴;实验组在对照组的基础上加用丹参注射液16ml静滴。结果实验组在胎儿双顶径(BPD)增长,脐动脉S/D比值下降较对照组疗效明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丹参能有效改善子宫胎盘的血流灌注,促进胎儿生长,对治疗FGR有效。     

产前超声诊断胎儿单脐动脉及其与胎儿异常的应用价值研究

目的:探究产前超声诊断在胎儿单脐动脉与胎儿异常中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析自2014年12月~2016年8月于我院行超声检查且确诊为单脐动脉的胎儿58例,观察并记录其超声表现,并对其合并其它异常病症、脐动脉缺失的侧别进行分析。结果:所有入组孕妇中于20周前发现单脐动脉胎儿7例,于孕21~24周检测发现单脐动脉胎儿32例,于孕25~28周检测出单脐动脉胎儿13例,于孕28周发现单脐动脉胎儿6例。左侧脐动脉缺失36例,右侧脐动脉缺失22例,孤立型脐动脉缺失27例,合并其它组织器官畸形31例。27例孤立型脐动脉缺失胎儿仅存1例S/D值明显升高,其余均处于正常状态。胎儿染色体检测结果为27例孤立型单脐动脉中5例染色体表现为多态性,其他染色体结果均显示正常;31例合并其它组织结构异常的单脐动脉中8例染色体结果显示异常。58例单脐动脉胎儿中活产23例,引产30例,死于宫内5例。结论:单脐动脉与胎儿畸形异常密切相关,且经产前超声检查可有助于明确胎儿单脐动脉的发生发展,对改善孕妇妊娠结局具有重要意义。     

脐动脉血流对预测子痫前期新生儿和产妇结局的价值分析

目的:探讨应用脐动脉血流用于预测子痫前期新生儿和产妇结局的临床价值。方法:选择在我院产科建档分娩的120例孕产妇作为研究对象,根据子痫前期发病情况分为子痫前期组60例与对照组60例,记录和比较两组孕产妇的一般资料、血脂、血糖水平、分娩前脐动脉血流与新生儿体重、胎盘的重量及Apgar评分,并进行相关性与危险因素分析。结果:两组孕产妇的年龄、孕次、产次、流产次数、孕周等对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。子痫前期组的血清HDL-C水平低于对照组(P0.05),血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG水平高于对照组(P0.05)。与对照组比较,子痫前期组脐动脉S/D、RI与PI值显著升高(P0.05)。所有孕产妇都顺利完成分娩,孕产妇与新生儿都存活,子痫前期组的新生儿出生体重及Apgar评分和胎盘的重量均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。在子痫前期组中,脐动脉S/D、RI、PI值与新生儿出生体重呈现显著负相关性(P0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示子痫前期孕产妇的脐动脉S/D、RI、PI值为影响新生儿出生体重的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:脐动脉血流与子痫前期新生儿出生体重显著相关,脐动脉S/D、RI、PI值为影响新生儿出生体重的独立危险因素,子痫前期脐动脉血流监测可为预测新生儿和产妇结局以及预后提供参考。     

彩色多普勒超声联合监测胎儿脐动脉及大脑中动脉对重度子痫前期患者的临床意义

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声(CDU)联合监测胎儿脐动脉(UA)及大脑中动脉(ACM)对重度子痫前期患者的临床意义。方法:选择从2014年2月到2017年2月在我院分娩的90例重度子痫前期患者作为观察组。另选择同期在我院接受剖宫产分娩的90例健康孕妇作为对照组,比较两组孕妇胎儿UA及ACM的血流阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)、收缩期和舒张期的血流速度之比(S/D)、新生儿Apgar评分和体重,采用Spearman相关性分析法分析新生儿Apgar评分和体重与胎儿RI、PI和S/D值的相关性。结果:观察组患者胎儿UA的RI、PI和S/D值均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者胎儿ACM的RI、PI和S/D值均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者的新生儿Apgar评分和体重均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。根据Spearman相关性分析后发现,新生儿Apgar评分和体重与胎儿UA的RI、PI和S/D值均呈负相关(P0.05),而与胎儿ACM的RI、PI和S/D值均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:CDU联合监测胎儿UA和ACM对于重度子痫前期患者具有重要的临床意义,可评价胎儿在子宫内的生长发育情况以及母婴结局,从而有助于辅助临床诊治工作的进行。     

产前超声孕妇血流动力学血流参数监测对中晚期胎儿宫内生长受限临床意义分析

摘要 目的：通过监测产前彩色多普勒超声心动图子宫动脉、脐动脉和大脑中动脉的血流参数,进而分析其在中晚期宫内胎儿生长受限（FGR）的临床意义。方法：以我院2020年1月-2021年12月就诊的中晚期孕妇为研究对象,其中110例为孕晚期FGR孕妇,60例为孕晚期健康孕妇,分别记录为FGR组（n=110）和对照组（n=60）,用彩色多普勒超声监测两组孕晚期孕妇的多血管（子宫动脉、脐动脉和大脑中动脉）的3个血流参数,对比两组之间血流参数的差异性;并根据Apgar评分,比较不同Apgar评分下的血流参数差异,分析子宫动脉、脐动脉和大脑中动脉的3个血流参数与宫内FGR的相关性。结果：（1）FGR组胎儿子宫动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;（2）FGR组胎儿脐动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;（3）FGR组胎儿大脑中动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;（4）Apgar≤7分组子宫动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）显著高于Apgar＞7分组,Apgar≤7分组脐动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）显著高于Apgar＞7分组,Apgar≤7分组大脑中动脉的3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）显著低于Apgar＞7分组。结论：彩色多普勒超声心动图子宫动脉、脐动脉、大脑中动脉3个血流参数（RI、PI、S/D）异常与FGR的发生密切相关,为临床筛查和诊断FGR提供有用帮助。     

彩色多普勒超声用于评估妊娠高血压缺氧程度的临床价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声用于评估妊娠高血压缺氧程度的临床价值。方法:将我院自2017年6月至2019年6月收治的妊娠高血压患者106例作为研究组及同期产检正常孕妇103例作为对照组,采用彩色多普勒超声检查仪监测两组孕妇的子宫动脉血流动力学情况,并分析新生儿的缺氧程度。结果:研究组孕妇脐血流搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)、脐血流阻力指数(resistance index,RI)和脐动脉血流收缩期/舒张期(S/D)水平均明显高于对照组(P0.05),舒张早期切迹发生率为47.17%,亦明显高于对照组8.74%(P0.05)。研究组孕妇平均孕周、新生儿体重和体重指数均明显少于对照组(P0.05),其早产率为19.81%、剖宫产率为64.15%、胎儿窘迫发生率为15.09%,均明显高于对照组(5.83%、19.42%、4.85%,P0.05)。研究组中切迹组孕周、新生儿体重均明显小于非切迹组(P0.05)。研究组羊水异常发生率为16.00%,早产率为40.00%,新生儿窒息率为14.00%,胎儿窘迫发生率为26.00%,均明显高于对照组(5.36%、1.79%、1.79%、5.38%,P0.05)。结论:采用彩色多普勒超声仪检测孕妇子宫动脉血流频谱可作为了解子宫-胎盘-胎儿循环的检查方式,评估妊娠并发症的发生风险,监测胎儿宫内生长发育。     

高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨与研究高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性。方法：2018年2月到2020年1月在本院进行建档分娩的高危孕妇108例作为研究对象,都给予彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查,记录影像学特征,判定胎儿缺氧发生情况并进行相关性分析。结果：在高危孕妇108例中,发生宫内缺氧28例（宫内缺氧组）,发生率为25.9 %;宫内缺氧组的大脑中动脉、脐动脉的阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）、收缩期峰值流速舒张期流速比值（S/D）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;宫内缺氧组的上腔静脉血流心室收缩期峰值流速（S波）、心房收缩期速度（A波）、心室舒张期峰值流速（D波）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;高危孕妇108例中,Spearsman分析显示大脑中动脉、脐动脉的RI、PI、S/D以及上腔静脉血流S、D、A均与宫内缺氧都存在相关性（P<0.05）;logistic多因素回归分析显示：大脑中动脉、脐动脉的S/D与上腔静脉血流S、A为导致胎儿缺氧的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查特征具有相关性,彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声可作为检查胎儿缺氧的可行、简单无创、方便快捷的方式,具有极高的应用价值。     

试论彩色多普勒超声检测胎儿宫内缺氧大脑中动脉与脐动脉血流动力学变化的临床效果

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声在胎儿宫内缺氧大脑中动脉与脐动脉血流动力学变化检测中的临床效果及价值。方法:选取2014年9月至2015年10月到我院进行检查及分娩的孕妇75例作为研究对象,根据宫内胎儿情况,把70例患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组宫内胎儿正常,共40例,对照组宫内胎儿缺氧,共35例,应用彩色多普勒超声对两组胎儿进行检查,观察和分析胎儿大脑中动脉及脐动脉血流动力学指标。结果:经检测,观察组胎儿大脑中动脉阻力指标明显高于对照组,观察组胎儿脐动脉阻力指标明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学生意义(P0.05)。结论:在产前应用彩色多普勒超声对宫内胎儿进行检测,能够详细了解胎儿宫内缺氧大脑中动脉与脐动脉血流动力学指标,有利于及时预测宫内胎儿缺氧情况,降低围生儿病死率,具有较大的临床价值。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.