健康教育干预应用于喉切除术后患者的效果观察

目的：探讨健康教育干预应用于喉切除术后患者的临床效果。方法：将符合诊断标准的86例患者随机分为观察组、治疗组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予鼻饲营养健康教育、咳嗽方法健康教育、吞咽功能健康教育、语言训练健康教育等健康教育措施。结果：两组平均住院时间比较,观察组平均住院时间（18．8±5.3）d,明显少于对照组的（21．5±5．2）d,差异有统计学意义（t=2．3845,P〈0．05）。两组并发症发生率比较,观察组并发症发生率2.32％明显少于对照组的18．60％,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=4．47,P〈0．05）。结论：健康教育干预可增强护理人员与患者之间的互动、促进护患关系融洽,增进患者对护理人员的尊重、信任,增加了患者对自身疾病的了解,及自我护理能力的提高,增加了战胜疾病的信心,提高了生活质量。值得临床进一步推广应用。     

高血压病患者健康教育干预探讨以及效果分析

目的：观察健康教育对原发性高血压病人的干预效果。方法：将80例原发性高血压患者随机分为两组,观察组用药物治疗的同时配合健康教育;对照组单纯药物治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后血压及生活行为的改变情况,进行比较分析。结果：观察组降压效果明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）;两组患者行为模式转变具有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：综合运用药物治疗和健康教育,能消除或减轻危险因素的作用,使高血压得到有效控制,以推迟或防止心脑血管病并发症的发生,提高患者的生活质量。     

高血压病患者健康教育干预探讨以及效果分析

目的:观察健康教育对原发性高血压病人的干预效果。方法:将80例原发性高血压患者随机分为两组,观察组用药物治疗的同时配合健康教育;对照组单纯药物治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后血压及生活行为的改变情况,进行比较分析。结果:观察组降压效果明显优于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者行为模式转变具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:综合运用药物治疗和健康教育,能消除或减轻危险因素的作用,使高血压得到有效控制,以推迟或防止心脑血管病并发症的发生,提高患者的生活质量。     

高血压病患者健康教育及护理干预

高血压病是最常见的心血管疾病之一,目前我国高血压病的发病率呈上升趋势,而高血压病的发病与年龄、环境、不良行为及心理因素密切相关,通过对高血压患者的生活方式的健康教育,以提高高血压病患者对疾病的认识,提高患者的自我保健意识,以期对高血压病的治疗起到积极作用。     

围手术期健康教育对全肺切除术后患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨围手术期有效健康教育对患者全肺切除术后长期生活质量(QOL)的影响。方法:随机将100例全肺切除术后患者分为二组,分别采取对患者及家属有效健康教育干预和无干预措施,采用欧洲癌症治疗与研究组织癌症生存量表核心量表(EORTC QLQ-C30,简称QLQ-C30)中文版评估病人的生活质量,对术前及术后1,3,6和12个月的QLQ-C30得分与参考值进行比较。结果:1)两组患者术后长期生活质量中的功能得分无统计学差异(P0.05);2)症状方面,术后呼吸困难,疼痛明显加重;术后第6个月疲乏及经济困难明显加重;术后第12个月起,经济困难状况好转,较术前无明显差异(P0.05);3)无干预组与有效健康教育组在体力功能、角色功能、情绪功能及总体状况方面有统计学差异(P0.05);4)在术后,无干预组在疲劳和呼吸困难方面的QLQ-C30得分比有效健康教育组的低,且有统计学差异(P0.05),但是在12月之后直至病人基本恢复与有效健康教育组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:围手术期实施有效健康教育,可使全肺切除患者术后生活质量明显提高;比较两种护理措施术后生活质量,有效健康教育组较无干预组患者功能恢复较快,自觉不良症状更少。     

健康教育护理干预对原发性高血压患者的影响分析

目的:对健康教育护理干预对原发性高血压患者的影响进行探讨分析。方法:选取我院在2010年7月-2012年7月收治的原发性高血压患者100例并将其随机分为两组,观察组50例,对照组50例。在对患者进行降压治疗的基础上,对对照组患者进行常规性高血压护理,观察组患者在对照组常规护理的基础上进行健康教育护理干预。健康教育干预时间为4周。对两组患者在进行护理和健康教育护理干预前后的收缩压和舒张压进行测量并对比数据。结果:观察组在进行健康教育护理干预后其收缩压和舒张压与对照组数据相比有显著性差异,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:健康教育护理干预能够明显改善原发性高血压患者的生活质量,对于患者血压控制有着积极意义。     

喉癌全喉切除术后患者生活质量影响因素调查及护理对策

目的:探讨喉癌全喉切除术后患者生活质量影响因素及护理对策.方法:选择82例喉癌全喉切除术后患者为观察组研究对象,选取同期体检的60例健康者为对照组.采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量核心量表(EORTCQLQ-C30)对两组研究对象生活质量进行调查研究,采用Logistic回归对生活质量影响因素进行多因素分析.结果:观察组EORTCQLQ-C30量表各项功能评分及整体生活质量评分显著低于对照组,差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Logistic回归显示:躯体功能、情绪功能及社会功能与患者生活质量显著相关(P＜0.05).结论:喉癌全喉切除术后患者生活质量受多种因素影响,加强对患者的综合护理,有助于提高患者生活质量.     

健康教育应用于糖尿病护理中的效果分析

目的:分析健康教育在糖尿病患者护理中的作用效果。方法:将进行糖尿病治疗的患者随机分为两个组,进行不同的护理模式,并通过多种调查方式对护理效果进行整理。结果:进行健康教育的研究组患者,对护理工作更为支持且对糖尿病相关知识有了更为深入的了解。结论:在糖尿病传统护理工作中开展健康教育在建立良好护患关系方面所起的作用是明显的,对保证患者的治疗和康复具有重要意义。     

Proseal与Slipa喉罩在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的麻醉效果比较

目的:比较proseal与slipa喉罩在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的麻醉效果。方法:收集我院收治的68例胆囊行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,随机分为A组和B组,每组各34例,A组患者应用slipa喉罩,B组患者应用proseal喉罩进行麻醉。观察并比较两组患者各时间点血压、心率水平,患者麻醉时间、苏醒时间、喉罩插入时间与拔除时间以及患者的不良反应发生率。结果:与喉罩置入前相比,两组患者手术中收缩压(SBP)以及舒张压(DBP)水平均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者各时间点的血压以、心率、麻醉时间及苏醒时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与B组相比,A组患者的喉罩插入时间较长,喉罩沾血的发生率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:Pro seal与Slipa喉罩在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的麻醉效果相当,但Slipa喉罩的插入时间以及喉罩沾血的发生率更高。     

社区糖尿病患者护理干预后效果观察

目的:探讨对社区糖尿病患者进行有效护理干预的方法和效果.方法:对106例糖尿病患者从自我监测血糖、遵医嘱用药、长期规律运动、饮食控制、低血糖和高血糖管理、情绪的控制和应对、足部护理、戒烟、保持理想体重等等方面有效护理干预.结果:接受护理干预后糖尿病患者的空腹血糖和餐后2h血糖显著低于护理干预前.结论:实施行之有效的护理干预,可提高DM患者生活质量,减少DM患者并发症的发生,并提高DM患者自我管理能力,充分表明糖尿病患者可从积极有效的护理干预中获益.提示应该加强社区卫生服务,提供社会支持网络,最大限度地满足患者的客观支持需求,以造福广大DM患者.     

Evaluating the effect of health education program on outcomes of type I diabetic patients: A randomized controlled study

Background; findings from the meta-analysis have shown that patients present improvements in glycaemic control, and in the prevention and control of the acute and chronic complications, when they receive effective treatment, self-management support and regular monitoring. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a health education program on outcomes of type I diabetic patients. Quasi-experimental study design was used to fulfill the aim of the study. The study was conducted in the outpatient diabetic clinic at Asyut University Hospital; 60 adult male and female patients who attended the outpatient diabetic clinic were included. Two tools were used in this study; structured interviewing questionnaire with three parts; part one: demographic patient variables, part two: patient's medical data and part three: patient's knowledge regarding diabetes, the second tool is evaluation of type I diabetic patients' outcomes (pre/post). Results revealed that the highest percentage of the studied samples were in the age group 18 to less than 30 years, 90.0% of the study group and 83.4% of the control group were having a family history of diabetes, a statistically significant difference was found in the study group patients pre and post application of the program regarding insulin injection and glycemic control. Conclusion: this study demonstrated the effectiveness of health education program implementation on the outcomes of type I diabetic patients in terms of improved knowledge and practicing exercise, teeth care, feet care and on glycemic control.     

The cost-effectiveness of health education in improving knowledge and awareness about intestinal parasites in rural Bangladesh

The impact of regular health education in improving knowledge, attitude and practices in the control of intestinal parasites was examined in four rural areas of Bangladesh; two areas received health education and the other two areas were controls. By the end of the 18-month study households receiving health education showed highly significant improvements in knowledge, water and sanitation facilities and personal hygiene compared with households in the control areas. Improving knowledge by 1% cost between US dollars 0.75 and 0.82 per household, while a 1% improvement in personal hygiene cost between US dollars 1.10 and 1.32 per household and water and sanitation between US dollars 1.39 and 1.52 per household.     

运用微生物法测定保健食品中的维生素B6

介绍运用微生物法测定保健食品中维生素B6的含量。GB／T5009．154—2003将微生物法规定为测定食品中维生素B6的国家标准方法Ⅲ。其原理为卡尔斯伯酵母菌需在有维生素B6存在的条件下才能生长,在一定条件下维生素B6的量与其生长量成正比关系。用分光光度仪在550nm波长下测定该菌的生长．与标准曲线相比较,从而得出该样品中维生素B6的含量。通过对国标方法作较详细的注解,并对有些地方作适当的修改,以期对需要开展此项工作的实验室及其人员会有较大的帮助。     

Apical dominance in Phaseolus vulgaris. The triggering effect of shoot decapitation and leaf excision on growth of the lateral buds

It was postulated that the release of lateral buds from apical dominance is triggered by the immediate increase in apoplastic water potential (hydrostatic pressure) that is produced by shoot decapitation and that is rapidly transmitted throughout the plant. In experiments conducted to test this hypothesis the use of a strain gauge transducer capable of measuring bud growth with an accuracy of ± 0.1 μm, showed that growth of the inhibited lateral bud at the primary leaf node of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) ev. Canadian Wonder was initiated within 1 to 5 s following shoot decapitation or excision of the primary leaves. When only the apical bud was excised the lateral bud showed a brief, transitory growth response of ca 1 min duration, but the axillary buds of the first and second trifoliate leaves were released from inhibition. Decapitation of the shoot just below the first trifoliate leaf induced a lateral bud response characterized by three distinct stages: a) a rapid initial growth response with a mean duration of 4.9 min b) a period of arrested growth, which varied in duration from 2 min to 4 h and c) the subsequent resumption of growth.
Excision of both primary leaves induced a rapid but transitory bud response of considerably greater duration than that induced by apical bud excision. Excision of the primary leaves prior to decapitation of the shoot eliminated the phase of arrested growth, which characterized the bud response to decapitation of the intact plant. The rapidity of the bud response to both shoot decapitation and leaf excision and the interaction between the effect of these two treatments are consistent with the hypothesis that competition for water plays a major role in the correlative inhibition of lateral buds.     

The effect of rising obesity on eligibility to serve in the U.S. public health service commissioned corps

This study investigates how rising obesity has affected eligibility to serve in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC), the uniformed service charged with protecting and promoting public health in the U.S. Data are drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Between 1959 and 2010, the percentage of eligible civilians who exceed the weight-for-height and body fat standards of the PHSCC rose from 9.05% to 18.24% among men, and from 6.13% to 23.10% among women. Simulations indicate that a further 1% increase in population body weight will result in an additional 3.42% of men and 5.08% of women exceeding PHSCC accession standards.This study documents an under appreciated consequence of the rise in obesity: fewer Americans eligible to develop and implement a public health response to obesity through the PHSCC. This illustrates how a public health problem can undermine the public health labor force, compromising a response and risking a self-reinforcing trend. These findings are timely as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) calls for a major expansion of the PHSCC.     

大学生科学素质教育课程“走进微生物世界”的建设与实践

微生物学的研究和应用在人类社会发展中起着越来越重要的作用。微生物与人类的生产和生活密切相关,开展微生物学方面的素质教育非常必要。因此,我们面向非生物专业本科生开设了"走进微生物世界"素质教育课程。根据学生的知识水平和认知规律,本课程重视知识体系的系统性和关联性,基础理论、生产应用和实践教学等教学内容依次展开,开拓学生视野,培养创新思维。不同的教学内容采用了差别化的教学方法,配合多媒体教学、网络教学和基于云课堂的即时互动教学,提高学生的学习兴趣,学习效果回馈及时,方便师生交流。经过3年的建设,本课程已形成教学方法有特色、教学内容符合学生知识水平和学科发展潮流的素质教育课程。     

The effect of heterotachy in multigene analysis using the neighbor joining method

Sequence alignments of multiple genes are routinely used to infer phylogenetic relationships among species. The analysis of their concatenation is more likely to give correct results under an assumption of homotachy (i.e., the evolutionary rates within lineages in each of the concatenated genes are constant during evolution). Here, we examine how the violation of homotachy (i.e., presence of within-site rate variation, called heterotachy) distorts species phylogenies. A theoretical examination has been conducted using a four taxon case and the neighbor joining (NJ) method, concluding that NJ recovers the incorrect tree when concatenated genes exhibit heterotachy. The application of average and weighted-average distance approaches, where gene boundaries are kept intact, overcomes the detrimental effect of heterotachy in multigene analysis using the NJ method.     

青年教师卓越教学能力的提升对留学生人体解剖与组织胚胎学教学的影响

高校留学生教育迅速发展,我国高校青年教师教学能力的发展还存在诸多问题,"卓越计划"背景下高校青年教师的留学生教学能力亟待提高。根据我校青年教师的发展特点以及留学生教学现状,我们通过组织精彩示范课、教师系列培训等活动以及加强基础教师实践能力培养等一系列措施,形成了一套切实可行的提高青年教师人体解剖与组织胚胎学教学能力的有效策略。经过统计分析发现,教学效果显著提高。