组合添加雌激素和催乳素对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞酪蛋白合成的影响

为了探讨组合添加雌激素和催乳素对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)酪蛋白合成的影响及作用机制,以课题组前期筛选出的最佳雌激素和催乳素浓度为基础,开展组合添加试验.雌激素和催乳素的添加总量为300 ng/mL,根据二者的添加比例分为试验Ⅰ组(对照组,不添加雌激素和催乳素)、试验Ⅱ组(雌激素∶催乳素=5∶1)、试验Ⅲ组(雌激素...     

甲状腺素T4对体外高温培养奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生长和凋亡的影响

以体外培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞为模型,采用台盼蓝染色绘制生长曲线,细胞流式检测细胞凋亡,以正常培养温度(38℃)为对照,研究体外高温培养条件下(42℃),添加不同浓度(0.01、01和1mol/L)甲状腺素(thyroxine,T4)对细胞生长和凋亡的影响.结果表明,不同浓度的T4在38℃有促进奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生长的趋势,但是变化不显著(P>0.05),而T4对缓解高温所造成的乳腺上皮细胞的生长抑制作用也不显著(P>0.05);不同的T4都能够极显著缓解42℃培养1 h和3 h的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的凋亡(P<0.01),并且对缓解42℃培养3 h的细胞凋亡效果更加明显,但是对42℃培养5 h和8 h的细胞,仅1 μmol/L的T4能够极显著缓解其凋亡(P<0.01).结果提示,T4对高温造成的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的生长抑制没有明显的缓解作用,但能缓解高温诱导的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞凋亡.     

miR-221对小鼠乳腺上皮细胞增殖和泌乳功能的影响

MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类大约22个核苷酸的非编码RNA.miR-221能通过调控受体表达,引发肿瘤形成、细胞增殖和组织器官发育.本文应用脂质体转染技术,改变miR-221在小鼠乳腺上皮细胞和组织中的表达量.采用HPLC、Western 印迹、电镜技术等观察miR-221对小鼠乳腺上皮细胞和乳腺组织的影响.结果表明,miR-221沉寂后,细胞增殖能力增强（P<0.01）,β酪蛋白表达增加（P>0.05）,生长激素受体(GHR)表达增强（P<0.01）,泌乳期乳腺组织中上皮细胞数量增加（P<0.05）,小鼠泌乳量增加（P<0.05）.结果提示,miR-221可能通过抑制靶蛋白GHR表达,进而抑制乳腺上皮细胞增殖和泌乳.     

奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系的建立及高温对细胞超微结构的影响

应用差酶消化法和反复贴壁法在体外建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞培养方法,以细胞流式术、免疫组化、免疫印迹、超微结构观察等方法对乳腺上皮细胞特性进行检测,并研究高温热刺激对乳腺细胞超微结构的影响。实验结果表明,运用本方法建立的奶牛乳腺细胞系上皮特性及遗传特征完备;41℃1h的高温热刺激可使乳腺细胞染色质浓缩、线粒体肿胀、空泡化,形成凋亡小体,说明高温可以诱发乳腺细胞凋亡。     

奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系的建立及高温对细胞超微结构的影响

应用差酶消化法和反复贴壁法在体外建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞培养方法,以细胞流式术、免疫组化、免疫印迹、超微结构观察等方法对乳腺上皮细胞特性进行检测,并研究高温热刺激对乳腺细胞超微结构的影响。实验结果表明,运用本方法建立的奶牛乳腺细胞系上皮特性及遗传特征完备;41℃ 1h 的高温热刺激可使乳腺细胞染色质浓缩、线粒体肿胀、空泡化,形成凋亡小体,说明高温可以诱发乳腺细胞凋亡。     

转基因小鼠乳腺上皮细胞的体外培养及其对催乳素反应的研究

实现转基因生物乳腺反应器对外源蛋白的高效表达是目前生物制药亟待解决的难题。催乳素对泌乳期乳蛋白的合成与分泌具有重要的调控功能。通过转基因小鼠乳腺上皮细胞模型的建立,研究催乳素如何调控乳蛋白的表达,为提高乳腺反应器高效表达外源蛋白提供技术及理论支撑。应用机械破碎及胶原酶消化法,经差速贴壁纯化,成功培养含人转铁蛋白基因的小鼠乳腺上皮细胞,细胞上清液中检测到人转铁蛋白表达。细胞经牛催乳素诱导后人转铁蛋白的表达水平明显升高。利用转基因小鼠乳腺上皮细胞模型,可以进行催乳素和环境因素等对乳腺上皮细胞合成及分泌蛋白能力影响的研究。     

奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞的分离、培养及鉴定

应用组织块培养法高密度培养、连续传代法建立西农萨能奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞体外培养体系,通过生长曲线绘制、核型分析、免疫荧光染色 (角蛋白、上皮膜抗原、波形蛋白、β-酪蛋白)、油红染色及β-酪蛋白基因的RT-PCR分析进行培养细胞鉴定。实验结果表明细胞生长曲线为典型的S型,染色体数目众数为60,细胞角蛋白、上皮膜抗原、波形蛋白、β-酪蛋白表达均呈阳性,油红染色后可见细胞质内的脂滴,且细胞表达酪蛋白mRNA。说明运用本方法培养的细胞为正常的乳腺上皮细胞,并具有一定的泌乳功能。     

Pten对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞活力及乳蛋白合成的影响

Pten作为抑癌基因,参与调控细胞生长、粘附、凋亡以及其它细胞活动.目前,国内外关于Pten在奶牛乳腺发育过程中表达及调节的研究鲜有报道.为了揭示Pten的表达与奶牛乳腺发育与泌乳之间的关系,本研究应用qRT-PCR技术检测Pten在不同泌乳时期和不同乳品质的奶牛乳腺组织中的表达差异,进而应用脂质体转染方法,通过siRNA介导的RNA干扰技术改变Pten基因在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中的表达量,CASY法检测细胞活力,用ELISA试剂盒检测细胞分泌β-酪蛋白的含量,采用qRT-PCR、Western 印迹等技术检测Pten对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中乳蛋白相关信号通路基因表达的影响.结果显示,泌乳期高乳品质奶牛乳腺组织中Pten表达水平显著低于泌乳期低乳品质及干乳期奶牛;Pten基因沉寂后,细胞活力提高,β-酪蛋白质量浓度增加,CSN2、AKT、MTOR、STAT5表达量增加.研究表明,Pten可通过抑制细胞活力和乳蛋白分泌而影响泌乳.     

高温对乳腺上皮细胞生长及凋亡的影响

近年来随着生物技术的发展,对应激的研究已经深入到细胞水平上,Li met al·(2006)揭示细胞抵抗热应激的能力因细胞种类、热处理的温度、时间的不同而存在差异;热应激还会引起G1/S或G2/M细胞周期调控点的阻滞(Kuhl and Rensing,2002;Fuse et al.,1996),剧烈的热应激还可以诱导细     

14-3-3γ蛋白协同mTOR信号通路影响奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生理功能

14-3-3γ作为蛋白质与蛋白质之间的"桥梁蛋白",广泛参与细胞凋亡、细胞分裂、信号转导和蛋白质合成等生物体所有的重要生命活动的调节。以体外培养的荷斯坦奶牛(Vaccas)乳腺上皮细胞(dairy cow mammary gland epithelial cells,DCMECs)为模型,研究14-3-3γ对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳蛋白、乳脂合成的影响。瞬时和稳定转染p GCMV/IRES/EGFP/14-3-3γ即14-3-3γ过表达的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,应用CASY细胞活力分析仪分析细胞活力的变化,测定细胞中甘油三脂(triglyceride,TG)和β-酪蛋白(β-Casein,CSN2)的合成,并且通过Western blot检测DCMECs中m TOR(mammalian target of rapamycin,m TOR)和p-m TOR的表达量,探究14-3-3γ影响奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生理功能的机制。结果显示,瞬时和稳定转染p GCMV/IRES/EGFP/14-3-3γ的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞相对正常培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,细胞活力极显著增强(P0.01),CSN2和TG表达量极显著增加(P0.01),同时m TOR和p-m TOR的表达量也显著增加(P0.01)。研究结果表明14-3-3γ参与泌乳关键信号通路即m TOR信号通路,能够增强乳腺上皮细胞活力,促进奶牛乳腺上皮细胞CSN2和TG的合成,丰富了奶牛泌乳信号通路,为乳品质研究提供了新的理论依据。     

The Impact of ABCG2 on Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Proliferation

The ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCG2, has been identified as a gene of significance in the regulation of bovine lactation by a number of gene mapping studies yet its role in lactational physiology remains unclear. We have used the potent ABCG2 specific inhibitor, Ko143, to investigate role of ABCG2 in primary bovine mammary epithelial cell (BMEC) proliferation and differentiation. After incubation with Ko143, the proliferation rate of BMECs was reduced at 48 and 72 hours by up to 80% (P < 0.001), and the effect was dose-dependent (approximately 40% with 10 nM Ko143 and 80% with 20 nM Ko143). Morphological changes in BMEC mammosphere formation were not observed when co-incubated with Ko143. Our results suggested that ABCG2 plays a role in mammary epithelial cell proliferation and that functional polymorphisms in this gene may influence the cellular compartment of the mammary gland and potentially milk production.     

牛乳腺上皮细胞的分离培养及其生物学特性

采用胶原酶消化法和胰蛋白酶选择性消化法分离、培养和纯化牛乳腺上皮细胞。形态学观察表明,培养的细胞具有典型的上皮细胞形态特征;染色体分析结果表明,培养的细胞具有正常的染色体数目。通过荧光免疫细胞染色方法鉴定了培养的细胞表达上皮细胞特异的角蛋白5和8。该细胞在添加胰岛素、氢化可的松以及羊催乳素的无血清培养液中诱导培养时,用RT-PCR方法检测到了β-酪蛋白基因的转录。这些结果表明,分离培养的细胞是乳腺上皮细胞,这些细胞在诱导培养的条件下能够转录表达β-酪蛋白。     

Adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Induced by Growth in Milk Whey

Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine intramammary infection (mastitis) were tested for adhesion to bovine mammary epithelial cells after growth in milk whey or TSB. Bacteria grown in milk whey adhered more efficiently to mammary gland epithelial cells in vitro than the corresponding homologous bacteria grown in TSB. Trypsin treatment of milk whey-grown S. aureus had no effect on their adherence. Whereas, pretreatment with periodate significantly decreased bacterial adherence capacity. Periodate treatment of TSB-grown bacteria had no effect on adhesion to the mammary gland epithelial cells.     

SRB法和MTT法抗肿瘤药物筛选结果相关性研究

为了探索抗肿瘤药物体外筛选中磺酰罗丹明B（SRB）法和四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法实验结果的相互验证作用,作者以PC-3、BGC-823、Bcap-37细胞系为研究对象,利用SRB法和MTT比色法对供试化合物行体外抑制活性考察,并用SPSS12．0对两种筛选方法得到的实验结果进行差异性分析。结果表明,SRB法和MTT比色法实验结果相关性好,可以相互验证实验结果的准确性和可靠性。     

EGF Modulates Expression of STAT5 in Mammary Epithelial Cells

HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells are capable of differentiatingin vitro.By growing cells in EGF-containing medium, and upon confluence withdrawing EGF, these cells become competent at responding to lactogenic hormone treatment and expressing milk proteins. We found that during proliferation and at confluence STAT5A and STAT5B proteins were expressed at equal levels or with STAT5B being predominant. In competent cells, expression levels of STAT5A and STAT5B increased markedly with STAT5A now being the predominant form, an expression pattern resembling the expression patterns of STAT5 proteins seen during mammary gland differentiationin vivo.This suggests that EGF has a suppressive effect on STAT5 expression, in particular, STAT5A, which we conclude to be mediated through ras/raf/MEK/MAPK pathway and to a lesser extent through a PI3-kinase-mediated pathway. Furthermore, we also found that EGF regulated a nuclear phosphatase capable of dephosphorylating tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT5. Our data show that HC11 cells have retained the expression patterns of STAT5 proteins seenin vivo.This makes HC11 cells useful for studying molecular mechanisms regulating expression of STAT factors and their participation in differentiation processes of mammary gland.     

MTT法用于药物对L2细胞毒性的实验研究

目的：评价噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测药物对细胞的毒性作用的可靠性。方法：大鼠肺泡上皮L2细胞以叔丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ）10．100μM,BsO以1-10mM分别处理,用MTT法检测细胞活性、JC-1（5,5’,6,6’-四氯．1,1’,3,3’-四乙基苯并咪唑羰花青碘化物）荧光染料法检测细胞线粒体电位改变、台盼蓝排斥实验检测细胞死亡率,分析各指标的情况。结果：在处理剂量范围,MTT法检测到的光密度（OD）值未能达到一般判断的半数抑制浓度（ic50）水平,最高抑制率仅达到30％左右;台盼蓝排斥试验检测数据表明TBHQ的LC50值为50μM,丁硫氨酸亚砜胺（BSO）为5mM;利用JC-1荧光染料判断的半数凋亡剂量分别为50μM和7mM。结论：MTT法作为最常采用的细胞生长抑制检测手段,但在某些特定实验中可能不能客观地反映细胞的活性,建议多种方法结合进行评价。     

miR-138对小鼠乳腺上皮细胞的作用及其调控的靶序列

miRNA是一类长约20～25 nt的内源性非编码蛋白的小RNA.miRNAs的作用遍及生命体的发生、生长、发育、分化和死亡等过程,但目前对miRNA在细胞中的确切功能和其如何发挥作用知之甚少.应用miRNA基因沉默技术,抑制小鼠乳腺上皮细胞miR-138的表达,应用荧光定量PCR、Western blot、细胞活力分析技术等分析mi-138的表达及mLR-138对小鼠乳腺上皮细胞的影响,结果显示,miR-138抑制后细胞活性增强(P＜0.05),PRL-R蛋白表达增强(P＜0.05),信号转导通路分子STAT5、MAPK表达加强.研究认为,miR-138抑制小鼠乳腺上皮细胞的增殖.miR-138在乳腺上皮细胞调控的靶序列是PRL-R,抑制其表达而发挥作用.miR-138通过调控STAT5、MAPK信号转导通路而调控乳腺上皮细胞增殖.     

Methionine protects against hyperthermia-induced cell injury in cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methionine on cell proliferation, antioxidant activity, apoptosis, the expression levels of related genes (HSF-1, HSP70, Bax and Bcl-2) and the expression levels of protein (HSP70) in mammary epithelial cells, after heat treatment. Methionine (60 mg/L) increased the viability and attenuated morphological damage in hyperthermia-treated bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Additionally, methionine significantly reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage, malondialdehyde formation, nitric oxide, and nitric oxide synthase activity. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzymatic activity was increased significantly in the presence of methionine. Bovine mammary epithelial cells also exhibited a certain amount of HSP70 reserve after methionine pretreatment for 24 h, and the expression level of the HSP70 gene and protein further increased with incubation at 42 °C for 30 min. Compared to the control, the expression of HSF-1 mRNA increased, and there was a significantly reduced expression of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA and a reduced activity of caspase-3 against heat stress. Methionine also increased survival and decreased early apoptosis of hyperthermia-treated BMECs. Thus, methionine has cytoprotective effects on hyperthermia-induced damage in BMECs.