伪狂犬病病毒ul24基因表达蛋白的胞内定位研究

根据GenBank已发表的PrVul24基因序列(NC006151),设计并合成一对引物,PCR扩增出ul24基因编码区,克隆于pEGFP-N1载体,得到重组质粒pUL24-GFP。酶切鉴定,测序及WesternBlot验证重组质粒。ul24基因序列测定结果已提交GenBank,登录号DQ226544。Westernblot分析结果表明UL24-GFP融合蛋白为45KD。将pUL24-GFP转染真核细胞,激光共聚焦显微镜观察融合蛋白的细胞内定位,结果表明UL24-GFP融合蛋白定位于细胞核。     

利用酵母双杂交系统筛选与人巨细胞病毒皮层蛋白pUL23相互作用的病毒编码蛋白

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV) UL23基因编码病毒皮层蛋白,该基因缺失时,病毒在人包皮成纤维细胞(HFF)中的繁殖速度加快.为进一步阐述HCMV UL23基因编码产物 pUL23的功能及调控机制,采用鸟枪法构建了融合于GAL4活性区域的HCMV Towne株 基因组随机表达文库.利用酵母双杂交技术,以pGBKT7 -UL23为诱饵质粒,从构建 的HCMV基因组表达文库中筛选到与pUL23相互作用的病毒编码蛋白pUL24. GST-pull down实验和免疫共沉淀实验进一步确认两种病毒蛋白之间的相互作用.结果 表明,构建的HCMV基因组表达文库能够用于GAL4酵母双杂交系统筛选与诱饵蛋白相互作用的病毒自身编码蛋白.病毒蛋白pUL23和pUL24之间具有相互作用,这为进一 步阐述pUL23在HCMV感染过程中的功能提供依据.该研究为揭示HCMV病毒感染机制奠定了基础.     

人巨细胞病毒编码蛋白pUL23在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达和纯化

大肠杆菌中高效表达携带组氨酸标签的人巨细胞病毒皮层蛋白pUL23,并进行纯化以及鉴定.提取感染HCMV Towne病毒株的HFF细胞的总RNA,逆转录为cDNA作为模板,经PCR获得UL23的基因片段,将此片段插入表达载体pET-28a(+),构建pET28a(+)-UL23重组质粒.将pET28a(+)-UL23转化至大肠杆菌BL21( DE3),进行IPTG诱导表达.表达产物经Western blotting分析后进行发酵,再用Ni sepharose亲和层析纯化,纯化产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测.结果表明,成功构建pET28a(+)-UL23原核表达载体,表达及纯化了His-pUL23融合蛋白.为进一步研究pUL23奠定基础.     

Tet-On3G系统调控人巨细胞病毒蛋白pUL23稳定表达的人胚肺成纤维细胞(HELF)系的建立

人巨细胞病毒(Human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)为疱疹病毒家族一员,易导致免疫力低下或缺陷的人群严重疾病,目前对HCMV编码的皮层蛋白pUL23功能的相关报道很少。本研究应用Tet-On3G诱导表达系统,在人胚肺成纤维细胞(Human embryonic lung fibroblast,HELF)建立诱导表达HCMV病毒蛋白pUL23细胞模型。将病毒基因UL23和阳性对照基因EGFP分别定向插入应答慢病毒载体pLVX-TRE3G中,获得pLVX-TRE3GUL23-3×Flag、pLVX-TRE3G-EGFP重组慢病毒载体。运用二代慢病毒包装系统与Lenti-X293T包装细胞系,制备收获慢病毒后感染人胚肺成纤维细胞HELF。遗传霉素(Geneticin,G418)和嘌呤霉素(Puromycin,Puro)抗性筛选后多西环素(Doxycycline,Dox)诱导外源基因表达。感染后的细胞在96孔板有限稀释法成单克隆,分别采用RT-PCR与Western blot技术检测病毒UL23基因在mRNA水平与蛋白水平的表达量,筛选出当诱导时高效表达且未诱导时低表达的单克隆细胞;并评估Dox诱导剂量与诱导时间对外源蛋白pUL23表达的影响。限制性内切酶与测序显示重组质粒pLVX-TRE3G-UL23-3×Flag、pLVX-TRE3G-EGFP序列和方向正确。病毒蛋白pUL23在感染细胞中能够被诱导表达;当Dox浓度高于400ng/mL时pUL23蛋白表达量不再随Dox剂量增高而增高。在Dox诱导2h后,RT-PCR结果表明在921bp处有特定条带(UL23-3×Flag基因)与此同时,Western blot实验也检测到pUL23蛋白。这些结果表明,成功构建重组慢病毒载体,包装成慢病毒感染后,病毒基因UL23能够在人胚肺成纤维细胞中诱导表达。Dox的最佳工作浓度为400ng/mL,最佳诱导时间为12h至24h之间。这将为进一步研究病毒蛋白pU23的功能奠定基础。     

基于Red重组系统构建含Flag标签标记UL23基因的重组人巨细胞病毒

利用来源于λ噬菌体的Red系统,将Flag标签及两侧带有FRT位点的卡那霉素抗性基因片段插入原HCMV TowneBAC中UL23基因3 '末端区域,通过卡那抗性筛选带有抗性标记的重组菌株,并通过表达重组酶FLP的质粒pCP20去除卡那霉素抗性基因,得到带有Flag标签标记UL23基因和单一FRT位点的突变BAC.重组后的BAC分子同质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-pUL82共转染HFF细胞后重建重组HCMV.Western blotting检测证实所构建重组病毒能够表达含Flag标签标记的pUL23蛋白.此含有Flag标签标记UL23基因的重组HCMV的成功构建为了进一步研究人巨细胞病毒UL23基因及其产物的功能提供依据.     

人ob基因克隆及其亚细胞定位的研究

目的:旨在克隆人肥胖(obese,ob)基因的全长cDNA序列,与EGFP重组构建融合蛋白表达载体,并分析其亚细胞水平的定位.方法:提取人脂肪细胞总RNA,采用RT-PCR方法扩增出人ob基因cDNA,并克隆至真核表达载体pEGFP-CI,重组质粒转染NIH-3T3细胞,荧光显微镜分析EGFP-ob融合蛋白的亚细胞定位.结果:克隆的ob基因cDNA为501bp,共编码167个氨基酸,与GenBank公布的人ob基因序列一致,荧光显微镜分析表明,重组的EGFP-ob融合蛋白主要分布于NIT-3T3的细胞质中.结论:成功克隆了人OB基因的cDNA序列,构建人OB基因的真核表达载体pEGFP-CI-ob,融合蛋白EGFP-ob定位于NIH-3T3细胞质中.     

GST-HRB融合蛋白的表达与纯化

构建GST-HRB重组质粒,进行融合蛋白的表达、纯化及鉴定.利用PCR扩增及基因重组技术,以pcDNA-3.1-HRB为模板扩增出HRB全基因序列,并将其插入带有GST(谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶)标签的原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,构建GST-HRB融合蛋白表达质粒.然后,将重组质粒GST-HRB转化至大肠杆菌Rosseta进行融合蛋白的表达.利用GST琼脂糖珠进行融合蛋白的纯化,最后应用SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blotting鉴定纯化的融合蛋白.结果表明,成功构建pGEX-6P-1-HRB原核表达载体,表达及纯化了GST-HRB融合蛋白.     

腺病毒介导的人巨细胞病毒UL49基因小鼠模型的建立

建立表达HCMV UL49 基因的转基因小鼠,为抗病毒药物研究提供有效的实验动物模型。本实验将UL49-GFP基因插入腺病毒穿梭质粒pDC316中,构建重组质粒pDC316-UL49-GFP,与腺病毒骨架质粒pBHGloxΔE1,3Cre 通过脂质体介导共转染293 细胞,重组产生腺病毒Ad-UL49-GFP, 经PCR和Western Blot鉴定正确后,大量扩增、纯化,制备高滴度重组腺病毒。纯化腺病毒经尾静脉注射感染小鼠,通过荧光定量PCR 和Western blot 方法,检测UL49 基因在小鼠体内组织分布和表达时相。结果显示UL49基因在小鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾组织均有表达,并且表达量由高到低顺序依次是：肝、脾、肾、心、肺,在腺病毒感染第3天在各靶器官表达水平较高,此后逐渐下降,第14天时仅存在肝和脾中。表明表达UL49基因的小鼠模型构建成功。小鼠模型的成功建立为下一步筛选以UL49基因为靶的抗病毒药物奠定了基础。     

Ⅰ型马立克病毒UL24蛋白的原核表达及其亚细胞定位的研究

为研究Ⅰ型马立克病毒(MDV)UL24蛋白的亚细胞定位,以MDV GX0101为模板,PCR扩增UL24基因全长,分别克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1、pET-32a(+)和真核表达载体pEGFP-C1中。将原核表达重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞BL21(DE3)中表达,并进行纯化和鉴定。用纯化蛋白免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备并鉴定抗UL24蛋白的多克隆抗体。通过间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)检测感染GX0101的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)中的UL24蛋白。同时,将真核表达重组质粒pEGFP-C1-UL24转染CEF细胞,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察UL24蛋白在CEF中的亚细胞定位。结果显示Ⅰ型MDV的UL24基因在原核表达载体中能够正确表达,免疫小鼠后获得抗UL24蛋白的多克隆抗体。该抗体可特异性识别MDV UL24蛋白,且MDV UL24蛋白在CEF的细胞质和细胞核中定位,以上研究结果为进一步研究MDV UL24基因的功能奠定基础。     

重组人胱抑素C的原核表达及鉴定

目的构建重组人胱抑素C（cystatinC,CysC）的原核高效表达质粒,诱导表达并纯化获得CysC重组蛋白。方法根据大肠埃希菌编码蛋白的特性设计CysC编码基因序列,人工合成目的基因克隆至pET-22b（＋）表达载体中,测序及酶切鉴定正确后诱导其在大肠埃希菌BL21中表达,所获得的包涵体蛋白经亲和层析纯化后采用SDS—PAGE及Western印迹鉴定。结果酶切结果证实构建的表达质粒结构正确;测序结果显示克隆的基因序列所编码的蛋白与GenBank中的CysC氨基酸序列相符;SDS-PAGE及Western印迹结果证实获得的重组CysC融合蛋白分子量约为16kD,经NP亲和层析纯化获得纯度大于90％的目的蛋白。结论建立了重组人CysC的原核高效表达系统并获得了CysC重组蛋白。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.