小腹茧蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：小腹茧蜂亚科）

本文记述采自广西的小腹茧蜂属ＭｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒＬａｔｒｅｉｌｌｅ一新种,黄褐小腹茧蜂Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒｒａｖｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

三刺茧蜂属一新种记述(膜翅目,茧蜂科,茧蜂亚科)

首次报道三刺茧蜂属Trispinaria Quicke在中国的分布，并描述1新种。模式标本存放于浙江大学寄生蜂标本室。可通过以下特征区分：第2-6腹部背板中央均具有黑斑；额凹陷较深；颜面具粗糙的纵向陷纹；前翅r脉长，r：3—sR≥0.8；后翅1r-m脉略弯曲。     

山东小腹茧蜂属一新种记述：膜翅目：茧蜂科：小腹茧蜂亚科

本文记述了采自山东泰山小腹茧蜂属Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒ Ｌａｔｒｅｉｌｌｅ １８０４一新种,即泰山小腹茧蜂Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒ ｔａｉｓｈａｎａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．新种与分布于古北区和东洋区的Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒ ｇｌｏｂａｔａ 相似,模式标本保存在山东农业大学植保系昆虫标本室。     

中国悦茧蜂属记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：悦茧蜂亚科）

本文报道我国悦茧蜂亚科Ｃｈａｒｍｏｎｔｉｎａｅ悦茧蜂属Ｃｈａｒｍｏｎ１新种（红胸悦茧蜂Ｃ．ｒｕｆｉｔｈｏｒａｘｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）和２新种记录种（血色悦茧蜂Ｃ．ｃｒｕｅｎｔａｔｕｓＨａｌｉｄａｙ,长管悦茧蜂Ｃ．ｅｘｔｅｎｓｏｒ（Ｌｉｎｎａｅｕｓ）。新种模式标本存浙江农业大学。     

中国热茧蜂属-新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：茧蜂亚科）

热茧蜂属Tropobracon Cameron是1个小型属,过去全世界已知5种。本文报道了我国发现的1个新种——黑热茧蜂T.niger,sp．nov．,并建立了该属中国已知3种的分种检索表。新种模式标本保存于福建农林大学植物保护学院益虫研究室。黑热茧蜂Tropobracon niger,新种（图1～8） 本新种与三化螟热茧蜂Tropobracon luteus Cameron,1905较接近,但前者的1）后翅1-SC＋R脉宽度明显比1r-m脉窄（图1）;2）头部光滑,后头强度凹入（图8）;3）中胸盾片中前方无1条短沟（图6）;4）体大多黑色,头部及胸部部分红褐色;5）复眼长为上颊长的1．8倍（图8）,颚眼距长为上颚基宽的2．3倍（图3）等特征可与之区别。正模：♀,福建沙县洋坊,1981-Ⅺ-17,黄居昌采：副模：3♀♀,同正模。     

中国小腹茧蜂属二新记录种（膜翅目：茧蜂科：小腹茧蜂亚科）

本记述了分布于我国的小腹茧蜂属二新记录种,球小腹茧蜂Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒ ｇｌｏｂａｔａ（Ｌｉｎｎａｅｕｓ）１７５８和三色小腹茧蜂Ｍｉｃｒｏｇａｓｔｅｒ ａｓｒａｍｅｎｅｓ Ｎｉｘｏｎ１９６８。     

中国五节茧蜂属记述：膜翅目：茧蜂科：软节茧蜂亚科

本文记述中国五节茧蜂属１新种，即稻苞虫五节茧蜂Ｐｅｎｔａｔｅｒｍｕｓｐａｒｎａｒａｅ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本存于浙江农业大学。     

中国长柄茧蜂属亚长柄茧蜂亚属记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

对长柄茧蜂属Ｓｔｒｅｂｌｏｃｅｒａ亚长柄茧蜂亚属Ａｓｉａｓｔｒｅｂｌｏｃｅｒａ Ｂｅｌｏｋｏｂｙｌｓｋｉｊ（膜翅目：茧蜂科）的种类进行了研究。亚长柄茧蜂亚属仅分布于我国和俄罗斯远东地区。以前仅知２种：具角长柄茧蜂Ｓ．（Ａ．）ｃｏｒｎｕｔａＣｈａｏ,１９６４和大峪长柄茧峰Ｓ．（Ａ．）ｄａｙｕｅｎｓｉｓ Ｗａｎｇ,１９８３。本文记述了该亚属的一新种：扁角长柄茧蜂,新种Ｓ．（Ａ．）Ｐｌａｎｉｃｏｒｎｉ     

侧沟茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科:小腹茧蜂亚科)

记述采自浙江省龙王山的侧沟茧蜂属Ｍｉｅｒｏｐｌｉｔｉｓ Ｆｏｅｒｓｔｅｒ一种新,龙王山则沟茧蜂ＭＬｅｒｏｐｌｉｔｉｓ ｔｏｎｇｗａｎｇｓｈａｎａ Ｘｕ ｅｔ Ｈｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism