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1.
Jiang SY Bachmann D La H Ma Z Venkatesh PN Ramamoorthy R Ramachandran S 《Plant molecular biology》2007,65(4):385-402
The availability of diversified germplasm resources is the most important for developing improved rice varieties with higher
seed yield or tolerance to various biotic or abiotic stresses. Here we report an efficient tool to create increased variations
in rice by maize Ac/Ds transposon (a gene trap system) insertion mutagenesis. We have generated around 20,000 Ds insertion rice lines of which majority are homozygous for Ds element. We subjected these lines to phenotypic and abiotic stress screens and evaluated these lines with respect to their
seed yields and other agronomic traits as well as their tolerance to drought, salinity and cold. Based on this evaluation,
we observed that random Ds insertions into rice genome have led to diverse variations including a range of morphological and conditional phenotypes.
Such differences in phenotype among these lines were accompanied by differential gene expression revealed by GUS histochemical
staining of gene trapped lines. Among the various phenotypes identified, some Ds lines showed significantly higher grain yield compared to wild-type plants under normal growth conditions indicating that
rice could be improved in grain yield by disrupting certain endogenous genes. In addition, several 1,000s of Ds lines were subjected to abiotic stresses to identify conditional mutants. Subsequent to these screens, over 800 lines responsive
to drought, salinity or cold stress were obtained, suggesting that rice has the genetic potential to survive under abiotic
stresses when appropriate endogenous genes were suppressed. The mutant lines that have higher seed yielding potential or display
higher tolerance to abiotic stresses may be used for rice breeding by conventional backcrossing combining with molecular marker-assisted
selection. In addition, by exploiting the behavior of Ds to leave footprints upon remobilization, we have shown an alternative strategy to develop new rice varieties without foreign
DNA sequences in their genome.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Yang L Tang R Zhu J Liu H Mueller-Roeber B Xia H Zhang H 《Plant molecular biology》2008,66(4):329-343
Inositol phosphates (IPs) and their turnover products have been implicated to play important roles in stress signaling in
eukaryotic cells. In higher plants genes encoding inositol polyphosphate kinases have been identified previously, but their
physiological functions have not been fully resolved. Here we expressed Arabidopsis inositol polyphosphate 6-/3-kinase (AtIpk2β) in two heterologous systems, i.e. the yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae and in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and tested the effect on abiotic stress tolerance. Expression of AtIpk2β rescued the salt-, osmotic- and temperature-sensitive growth defects of a yeast mutant strain (arg82Δ) that lacks inositol polyphosphate multikinase activity encoded by the ARG82/IPK2 gene. Transgenic tobacco plants constitutively expressing AtIpk2β under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter were generated and found to exhibit improved tolerance to
diverse abiotic stresses when compared to wild type plants. Expression patterns of various stress responsive genes were enhanced,
and the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were elevated in transgenic plants, suggesting a possible involvement of AtIpk2β
in plant stress responses.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Plant productivity is greatly influenced by various environmental stresses, such as high salinity and drought. Earlier, we
reported the isolation of topoisomerase 6 homologs from rice and showed that over expression of OsTOP6A3 and OsTOP6B confers abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. In this study, we have assessed the function of nuclear-localized topoisomerase 6 subunit A homolog, OsTOP6A1, in
transgenic Arabidopsis plants. The over expression of OsTOP6A1 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants driven by cauliflower mosaic virus-35S promoter resulted in pleiotropic effects on plant growth and development. The
transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed reduced sensitivity to stress hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), and tolerance to high salinity and dehydration
at the seed germination; seedling and adult stages as reflected by the percentage of germination, fresh weight of seedlings
and leaf senescence assay, respectively. Concomitantly, the expression of many stress-responsive genes was enhanced under
various stress conditions in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Moreover, microarray analysis revealed that the expression of a large number of genes involved in various processes
of plant growth and development and stress responses was altered in transgenic plants. Although AtSPO11-1, the homolog of
OsTOP6A1 in Arabidopsis, has been implicated in meiotic recombination; the present study demonstrates possible additional role of OsTOP6A1 and provides
an effective tool for engineering crop plants for tolerance to different environmental stresses.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
5.
Amolkumar U. Solanke Manoj K. Sharma Akhilesh K. Tyagi Arun Kumar Sharma 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2009,282(2):153-164
Characterization of genes responsive to stress is important for efforts on improving stress tolerance of plants. To address
components involved in stress tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a stress-responsive gene family encoding A20/AN1 zinc finger proteins was characterized. In the present study, 13 members
of this gene family were cloned from tomato cultivar Pusa Ruby and named as Stress Associated Protein (SAP) genes. Out of 13 genes, 12 have been mapped on their respective chromosomes. Expression of these genes in response to cold,
heat, salt, desiccation, wounding, abscisic acid, oxidative and submergence stresses was analysed. All tomato SAP genes were found to be responsive to one or other type of environmental stress. The phylogenetic analysis of these genes,
along with their orthologs from Solanaceae species suggests the presence of a common set of SAP genes in the studied Solanaceae species. The present study characterizes a SAP gene family, which encodes A20/AN1 zinc finger containing proteins from tomato for the first time. Genes showing high expression
in response to a particular stress can be exploited for improving stress tolerance of tomato and other Solanaceae members.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Transformation of Synechococcus with a gene for choline oxidase enhances tolerance to salt stress 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Patcharaporn Deshnium Dmitry A. Los Hidenori Hayashi Laszlo Mustardy Norio Murata 《Plant molecular biology》1995,29(5):897-907
Choline oxidase, isolated from the soil bacterium Arthrobacter globiformis, converts choline to glycinebetaine (N-trimethylglycine) without a requirement for any cofactors. The gene for this enzyme, designated codA, was cloned and introduced into the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. The codA gene was experssed under the control of a strong constitutive promoter, and the transformed cells accumulated glycinebetaine at intracellular levels of 60–80 mM. Consequently the cells acquired tolerance to salt stress, as evaluated in terms of growth, accumulation of chlorophyll and photosynthetic activity. 相似文献
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Proteins with the A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain are present in all eukaryotes and are well characterized in animals, but little is known about their function in plants. Earlier, we have identified an A20/AN1 zinc-finger containing stress associated protein 1 gene (SAP1) in rice and validated its function in abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, genome-wide survey of genes encoding proteins possessing A20/AN1 zinc-finger, named SAP gene family, has been carried out in rice and Arabidopsis. The genomic distribution and gene architecture as well as domain structure and phylogenetic relationship of encoded proteins numbering 18 and 14 in rice and Arabidopsis, respectively, have been studied. Expression analysis of the rice SAP family was done to investigate their response under abiotic stress conditions. All the genes were inducible by one or the other abiotic stresses indicating that the OsSAP gene family is an important component of stress response in rice. Manipulation of their expression and identification of their superior alleles should help confer stress tolerance in target crops.Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
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Sumita Kumari Prabhjeet Singh Sneh L. Singla-Pareek Ashwani Pareek 《Molecular biotechnology》2009,42(2):195-204
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Qb-SNARE proteins belong to the superfamily of SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) and function as important components of the vesicle trafficking
machinery in eukaryotic cells. Here, we report three novel plant SNARE (NPSN) genes isolated from rice and named OsNPSN11, OsNPSN12 and OsNPSN13. They have about 70% nucleotide identity over their entire coding regions and similar genomic organization with ten exons
and nine introns in each gene. Multiple alignment of deduced amino acid sequences indicate that the OsNPSNs proteins are homologous
to AtNPSNs from Arabidopsis, containing a Qb-SNARE domain and a membrane-spanning domain in the C-terminal region. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assays showed
that the OsNPSNs were ubiquitously and differentially expressed in roots, culms, leaves, immature spikes and flowering spikes. The expression
of OsNPSNs was significantly activated in rice seedlings treated with H2O2, but down-regulated under NaCl and PEG6000 stresses. Transient expression method in onion epidermal cells revealed that OsNPSNs
were located in the plasma membrane. Transformed yeast cells with OsNPSNs had better growth rates than empty-vector transformants when cultured on either solid or liquid selective media containing
various concentrations of H2O2, but more sensitive to NaCl and mannitol stresses. The 35S:OsNPSN11 transgenic tobacco also showed more tolerance to H2O2 and sensitivity to NaCl and mannitol than non-transgenic tobacco. These results indicate that OsNPSNs may be involved in
different aspects of the signal transduction in plant and yeast responses to abiotic stresses.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been identified as a promising organism for the production of recombinant proteins. While during the last years important
improvements have been developed for the production of proteins within the chloroplast, the expression levels of transgenes
from the nuclear genome were too low to be of biotechnological importance. In this study, we integrated endogenous intronic
sequences into the expression cassette to enhance the expression of transgenes in the nucleus. The insertion of one or more
copies of intron sequences from the Chlamydomonas RBCS2 gene resulted in increased expression levels of a Renilla-luciferase gene used as a reporter. Although any of the three RBCS2 introns alone had a positive effect on expression, their integration in their physiological number and order created an over-proportional
stimulating effect observed in all transformants. The secretion of the luciferase protein into the medium was achieved by
using the export sequence of the Chlamydomonas ARS2 gene in a cell wall deficient strain and Renilla-luciferase could be successfully concentrated with the help of attached C-terminal protein tags. Similarly, a codon adapted
gene variant for human erythropoietin (crEpo) was expressed as a protein of commercial relevance. Extracellular erythropoietin produced in Chlamydomonas showed a molecular mass of 33 kDa probably resulting from post-translational modifications. Both, the increased expression
levels of transgenes by integration of introns and the isolation of recombinant proteins from the culture medium are important
steps towards an extended biotechnological use of this alga.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Transformation of Arabidopsis with the codA gene for choline oxidase enhances freezing tolerance of plants 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Sakamoto A Valverde R Alia Chen TH Murata N 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2000,22(5):449-453
Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with the codA gene from Arthrobacter globiformis, which encodes choline oxidase, the enzyme that synthesizes glycinebetaine from choline. The transformation enabled the plants to accumulate glycinebetaine in chloroplasts, and significantly enhanced the freezing tolerance of plants. Furthermore, the photosynthetic machinery of transformed plants was more tolerant to freezing stress than that of wild-type plants. Exogenous application of glycinebetaine also increased the freezing tolerance of wild-type plants, suggesting that the presence of glycinebetaine in transformed plants had enhanced their ability to tolerate freezing stress. Northern blotting analysis revealed that the enhancement of freezing tolerance was not related to the expression of four cold-regulated genes. These results suggest that engineering of the biosynthesis of glycinebetaine by transformation with the codA gene might be an effective method for enhancing the freezing tolerance of plants. 相似文献
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Mohammad Asadul Islam Hao Du Jing Ning Haiyan Ye Lizhong Xiong 《Plant molecular biology》2009,70(4):443-456
The outermost surfaces of plants are covered with an epicuticular wax layer that provides a primary waterproof barrier and
protection against different environmental stresses. Glossy 1 (GL1) is one of the reported genes controlling wax synthesis. This study analyzed GL1-homologous genes in Oryza sativa and characterized the key members of this family involved in wax synthesis and stress resistance. Sequence analysis revealed
11 homologous genes of GL1 in rice, designated OsGL1-1 to OsGL1-11. OsGL1-1, -2 and -3 are closely related to GL1. OsGL1-4, -5, -6, and -7 are closely related to Arabidopsis CER1 that is involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis. OsGL1-8, -9, -10 and -11 are closely related to SUR2 encoding a putative sterol desaturase also involved in epicuticular wax biosynthesis. These genes showed variable expression
levels in different tissues and organs of rice, and most of them were induced by abiotic stresses. Compared to the wild type,
the OsGL1-2-over-expression rice exhibited more wax crystallization and a thicker epicuticular layer; while the mutant of this gene showed
less wax crystallization and a thinner cuticular layer. Chlorophyll leaching experiment suggested that the cuticular permeability
was decreased and increased in the over-expression lines and the mutant, respectively. Quantification analysis of wax composition
by GC–MS revealed a significant reduction of total cuticular wax in the mutant and increase of total cuticular wax in the
over-expression plants. Compared to the over-expression and wild type plants, the osgl1-2 mutant was more sensitive to drought stress at reproductive stage, suggesting an important role of this gene in drought resistance.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献