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1.
D. M. Webb B. M. Baltazar A. P. Rao-Arelli J. Schupp K. Clayton P. Keim W. D. Beavis 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(4):574-581
Resistance to the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is difficult to evaluate in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding. PI 437.654 has resistance to more SCN race isolates than any other known soybean. We screened 298 F67 recombinant-inbred lines from a cross between PI 437.654 and BSR101 for SCN race-3 resistance, genetically mapped 355 RFLP markers and the I locus, and tested these markers for association with resistance loci. The Rhg
4 resistance locus was within 1 cM of the I locus on linkage group A. Two additional QTLs associated with SCN resistance were located within 3cM of markers on groups G and M. These two loci were not independent because 91 of 96 lines that had a resistant-parent marker type on group G also had a resistant-parent marker type on group M. Rhg
4 and the QTL on G showed a significant interaction by together providing complete resistance to SCN race-3. Individually, the QTL on G had greater effect on resistance than did Rhg
4, but neither locus alone provided a degree of resistance much different from the susceptible parent. The nearest markers to the mapped QTLs on groups A and G had allele frequencies from the resistant parent indicating 52 resistant lines in this population, a number not significantly different from the 55 resistant lines found. Therefore, no QTLs from PI 437.654 other than those mapped here are expected to be required for resistance to SCN race-3. All 50 lines that had the PI 437.654 marker type at the nearest marker to each of the QTLs on groups A and G were resistant to SCN race-3. We believe markers near to these QTLs can be used effectively to select for SCN race-3 resistance, thereby improving the ability to breed SCN-resistant soybean varieties. 相似文献
2.
VIRGIL D. LUEDDERS 《The Annals of applied biology》1990,116(2):313-319
Selection and inbreeding of soybean cyst nematodes increased populations' ability to produce cysts on some soybean lines with concurrent decreases in numbers of cysts on other soybean lines: evidence that some alleles for incompatibility were either linked or at the same loci. Some responses could be explained only by linkage of nematode genes for avirulence. Linkage of nematode alleles for incompatibility could be involved when selection increased numbers of cysts on several lines even though the usual interpretation has been that the lines had some of the same genes for resistance. Most of the lines used in this study may have fewer alleles for incompatibility than most "resistant" lines. Use of these lines with fewer genes for resistance should help in the identification of individual alleles for incompatibility necessary for resolving the allelism and/or linkage of these nematode genes. 相似文献
3.
A bacterial artificial chromosome library for soybean and identification of clones near a major cyst nematode resistance gene 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
D. Danesh S. Peñuela J. Mudge R. L. Denny H. Nordstrom J. P. Martinez N. D. Young 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(2):196-202
We constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library for soybean (Glycine max) consisting of approximately 30 000 clones with an average insert size of 120 kilobase pairs. The library was successfully
screened with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and microsatellite markers tightly linked to a major resistance
gene for the cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. Since many soybean RFLPs hybridize to duplicate loci, BACs homologous to duplicate RFLP loci were distinguished by digestion
with the restriction enzyme originally used to map the RFLP, followed by a comparison of the hybridizing fragments. Linkage
mapping of BAC clones identified with markers linked to the cyst nematode resistance gene demonstrated that these clones were
located at the expected chromosomal positions and that there were no indications of chimeras within the genomic inserts.
Received: 3 July 1997/Accepted: 26 August 1997 相似文献
4.
Identification of a new major QTL associated with resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
I. Schuster R. V. Abdelnoor S. R. R. Marin V. P. Carvalho R. A. S. Kiihl J. F. V. Silva C. S. Sediyama E. G. Barros M. A. Moreira 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(1):91-96
Resistance of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), one of the most destructive pathogens affecting soybean, involves a complex genetic system. The identification
of QTLs associated with SCN resistance may contribute to the understanding of such system. The objective of this work was
to identify and map QTLs for resistance to SCN Race 14 with the aid of molecular markers. BC3F2:3 and F2:3 populations, both derived from an original cross between resistant cv. Hartwig and the susceptible line BR-92–31983 were
screened for resistance to SCN Race 14. Four microsatellite (Satt082, Sat_001, Satt574 and Satt301) and four RAPD markers
(OPAA-11795, OPAE-08837, OPR-07548 and OPY-072030) were identified in the BC3F2:3 population using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) technique. These markers were amplified in 183 F2:3 families and mapped to a locus that accounts for more than 40% of the resistance to SCN Race 14. Selection efficiency based
on these markers was similar to that obtained with the conventional method. In the case of the microsalellite markers, which
identify homozygous resistant genotypes, the efficiency was even higher. This new QTL has been mapped to the soybean linkage
group D2 and, in conjunction with other QTLs already identified for SCN resistance, will certainly contribute to our understanding
of the genetic basis of resistance of this important disease in soybean.
Received: 12 October 1999 / Accepted: 14 April 2000 相似文献
5.
以前研究发现,辽宁地区大豆生长期间及收获期土壤中胞囊孵出的二龄幼虫量很少,推测线虫卵的休眠与大豆生长时期或季节相关。为明确该地区大豆胞囊线虫的休眠特点,2002-2003年采用田间随机多点取样、室内分离及模拟自然条件孵化等方法对大豆胞囊线虫的休眠进行深入研究。结果表明:在生长季节,感病品种辽豆10根围土壤中的白色雌虫、卵囊及褐色的胞囊均可孵出二龄幼虫,且孵化持续时间较长,第21d仍有幼虫孵出,白色雌虫及卵囊内的卵孵化率高于褐色胞囊;不同作物对其根围土壤中胞囊内卵的孵化影响不大,寄主作物大豆、非寄主作物玉米根围及休闲地土壤中的胞囊在条件适宜均可孵出二龄幼虫;季节对胞囊内卵的孵化有较大的影响,出苗期孵化率最高,收获期最低,2周时平均1个胞囊孵出幼虫分别为83.8和9.7条;胞囊皮对线虫卵的孵化有显著的影响。表明沈阳地区大豆胞囊线虫在正常和逆境条件下均有部分卵表现休眠。 相似文献
6.
J. R. Heeren K. L. Steffey N. A. Tinsley R. E. Estes T. L. Niblack M. E. Gray 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2012,136(9):646-655
Soybean aphids, Aphis glycines Matsumura, and soybean cyst nematodes, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, are economic pests of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., in the north‐central United States. Combined, these pests may account for 20–50% of yield reductions in a soybean crop. Only limited information is available concerning the interaction of these two pests on soybean production. During the summers of 2006 and 2007, we conducted a field‐experiment near Urbana, IL, to evaluate the effect of resistant and susceptible soybean lines on the development and reproduction of both pests in combination with each other. We also examined how each pest, as well as their interaction, affected the yield of susceptible and resistant soybean lines. Soybean plants grown within caged plots were infested with soybean aphids and soybean cyst nematodes; cumulative aphid days and soybean cyst nematode egg densities were determined at the end of each growing season. Soybean aphids were able to survive on all four soybean lines in both years of this study; however, aphid‐resistant lines generally had fewer cumulative aphid days than aphid‐susceptible lines. Likewise, nematode‐resistant lines typically had fewer eggs than nematode‐susceptible lines. During both years, we failed to observe a significant interaction between these two pests on the reproduction of one another. Yield data from 2006 was inconclusive; however, results from 2007 suggest that yield‐loss when soybean aphids and soybean cyst nematodes occur jointly is not significantly greater than when these two pests occur independently. The relationship between these two pests, and our inability to observe an interaction, are discussed. 相似文献
7.
大豆孢囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)是危害大豆生产的世界性病害。山西省兴县“灰布支黑豆”是对目前我国鉴定的所有流行小种表现出免疫或高抗的重要抗源。利用目前国际通用的一套鉴别寄主和小种划分标准,通过人工接种的方法,确定了14号是北京马连洼中国农业科学院植物保护研究所实验站土壤中大豆孢囊线虫群体的主导小种。用敏感的栽培品种“冀豆7号”作母本,与灰布支黑豆杂交,采用人工接种的方法,对后代群体进行大豆孢囊线虫14号小种的抗性鉴定。F1的2个单株都表现出抗性。随机取2个单株的F2代群体,分别测定每个群体的116和78个单株。每个群体都表现出43抗:21感的分离比例,支持兴县灰布支黑豆对大豆孢囊线虫14号小种的抗性是由3对基因控制、一对隐性基因对两对显性基因的上位和两对显性基因互补作用的遗传假设。随机取F3代的30个株系,每个株系随机测定10~15个单株。19抗:38分离:7感的株系间分离比确认上述的遗传假设是正确的。 相似文献
8.
Genomic analysis of the rhg1 locus: candidate genes that underlie soybean resistance to the cyst nematode 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ruben E Jamai A Afzal J Njiti VN Triwitayakorn K Iqbal MJ Yaegashi S Bashir R Kazi S Arelli P Town CD Ishihara H Meksem K Lightfoot DA 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2006,276(6):503-516
The rhg1 gene or genes lie at a recessive or co-dominant locus, necessary for resistance to all Hg types of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines I.). The aim here was to identify nucleotide changes within a candidate gene found at the rhg1 locus that were capable of altering resistance to Hg types 0 (race 3). A 1.5 ± 0.25 cM region of chromosome 18 (linkage group G) was shown to encompass rhg1 using recombination events from four near isogenic line populations and nine DNA markers. The DNA markers anchored two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones 21d9 and 73p6. A single receptor like kinase (RLK; leucine rich repeat-transmembrane-protein kinase) candidate resistance gene was amplified from both BACs using redundant primers. The DNA sequence showed nine alleles of the RLK at Rhg1 in the soybean germplasm. Markers designed to detect alleles showed perfect association between allele 1 and resistance to soybean cyst nematode Hg types 0 in three segregating populations, fifteen additional selected recombination events and twenty-two Plant Introductions. A quantitative trait nucleotide in the RLK at rhg1 was inferred that alters A47 to V47 in the context of H297 rather than N297. Contiguous DNA sequence of 315 kbp of chromosome 18 (about 2 cM) contained additional gene candidates that may modulate resistance to other Hg-types including a variant laccase, a hydrogen-sodium ion antiport and two proteins of unknown function. A molecular basis for recessive and co-dominant resistance that involves interactions among paralagous disease-resistance genes was inferred that would improve methods for developing new nematode-resistant soybean cultivars.Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
9.
V. D. Luedders 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1989,77(6):893-898
Summary Soybean (S, Glycine max (L.) Merr.) lines with relatively few cysts of soybean cyst nematode (CN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) populations are usually called CN-resistant. The phenotype of number of cysts per plant is of the CN-S (Cyst Nematode-Soybean) association and determined by the interactions of genes for avirulence-resistance. The acronym alins was proposed for these alleles for incompatibility, with xalin representing the interaction X of one microsymbiont malin with its host h-alin. These alins are dominant in the gene-for-gene model but may be mostly recessive with CN-S. Definitive genetic studies have been hindered by the heterogeneity of sexually reproducing CN populations and lack of the appropriate genetic models. Loegering's abstract interorganismal genetic model was modified so that one model represented all four possible interactions of dominant-recessive alins for an incompatible phenotype. This involved redefining the Boolean algebra symbol 1 to represent both the alins AND their frequencies. The model was used to derive the relationship: {ie893-01} where the expectation E of cysts (of any CN-S combination, as proportion of number of cysts on a check cultivar) is proportional to the product of CN genotypic frequencies expressed as functions of m-alin frequencies. Each m-alin is at a different locus, i.e., {ie893-02}. The number of terms multiplied for each CN-S is equal to the number of alins in the S line (or F2 plant). There are too many unknowns in the equation to solve for any of them. The relationship does explain the continuous distributions of phenotypes that were nearly always observed. Basic genetic principles were used to concurrently derive the models and to obtain discontinuous distributions of numbers of cyst phenotypes in segregating generations due to one recessive alin in a CN-susceptible soybean line.Contribution from the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station, Journal Series No. 9739 相似文献
10.
Smith G. J. Wiebold W. J. Niblack T. L. Scharf P. C. Blevins D. G. 《Plant and Soil》2001,235(1):21-26
Soybean cultivars (Glycine max(L.) Merr.) infected with soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycinesIchinohe) often show symptoms similar to K deficiency. The objectives of this experiment were to determine if SCN infection affected macronutrient concentrations in soybean seedling vegetative tissues, determine whether increased K fertility can overcome these possible effects, and to determine if these possible effects are localized at the site of infection or expressed systemically throughout the root system. Soybean plants were grown with root systems split into two halves. This allowed differential K (0.2, 2.4 and 6.0 mM K nutrient solutions) and SCN (0 and 15 000 eggs/plant) treatments to be applied to opposite root-halves of the same plant. Thirty days after plants were inoculated with SCN, macronutrient concentrations of shoot and root tissues were determined. Potassium concentration in leaf blades was not affected; but K concentrations in leaf-petiole and stem tissues were increased with SCN infection. Roots infected with SCN contained lower K concentrations than uninfected roots, but only for the 2.4 mM K treatment. Thus, at the medium level of K fertility, SCN reduced K concentration in soybean roots, and increasing K fertility to the high level overcame the effect. Because K concentrations in the shoot tissues were not reduced by SCN infection, above ground portions of the plant may be able to overcome limitations that occur in roots during the first 30 days of infection. Increasing K fertility level in soybean fields may not benefit vegetative growth of soybean infected with SCN. 相似文献
11.
12.
Molecular characterization of resistance to Heterodera glycines in soybean PI 438489B 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
P. Yue P. R. Arelli D. A. Sleper 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(6-7):921-928
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plant introduction (PI) 438489B is a newly found germplasm source that has resistance to multiple soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, SCN) races. We studied the inheritance of resistance to SCN races 1, 2, 3, 5 and 14 in PI 438489B using F2 and F2:3 families, which were generated by crossing to the susceptible cultivar ’Hamilton.’ The objectives of this study were to investigate the inheritance for resistance to SCN races in PI 438489B, to find molecular markers associated with resistances, and to study the allelic relationships among resistance loci for different SCN races. The results showed that the responses to SCN races were approximately normally distributed with large environmental effects, and were also highly correlated, which implied that genes giving resistance to different races were similar. The narrow-sense heritabilities of resistance to all five SCN races ranged from 0.55 to 0.88. Fifty one restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers and 64 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were found to be polymorphic in the F2 population. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to SCN races were anchored on soybean linkage groups (LGs) A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1a, E and G. These QTLs explained 47.3%, 45.8%, 51.5%, 34.5% and 37.2% of the total phenotypic variances, respectively, for each race we investigated. Some QTLs for different races encompassed the same region of flanking markers; therefore, QTLs for multiple races may be linked or pleiotropic effects may be involved. Some loci provided resistance in a race-specific manner. Resistance to SCN race 14 had a different pattern compared to other races. Our results indicated that resistance to race 14 did not include loci on LGs A2 and G. These flanking markers associated with QTLs could be used to select for resistance to multiple SCN races in soybean breeding programs. Received: 25 March 2000 / Accepted: 4 August 2000 相似文献
13.
Interactions between iron-deficiency chlorosis and soybean cyst nematode in Minnesota soybean fields
Senyu Chen James E. Kurle Salliana R. Stetina Daniel R. Miller Lee D. Klossner George A. Nelson Neil C. Hansen 《Plant and Soil》2007,299(1-2):131-139
Experiments were conducted in four commercial fields differing in severity of iron-deficiency chlorosis (IDC), and soybean
cyst nematode (SCN) in Waseca and Lamberton, Minnesota to determine the interaction between the IDC and SCN. Each experiment
was a randomized complete block with a factorial treatment design including 23 cultivars with or without traits of resistance
to SCN, and IDC. The study illustrated the interactive effects of the two defensive traits on the diseases and soybean yields.
IDC rating was higher in SCN-susceptible than SCN-resistant soybean, suggesting SCN infection increased IDC. Resistance to
IDC apparently increased SCN reproduction due to better soybean plant growth. Yield response to the defensive traits depended
on the disease pressures in a field. When both IDC and SCN were present in a field, deploying SCN-resistance was the best
solution to the problems. However, SCN-resistance suppressed soybean yields when used in fields without the disease problems.
IDC-resistance increased yield of SCN-susceptible cultivars, but it did not result in detectable yield benefit of SCN-resistant
cultivars in SCN-infested sites. Effective use of the defensive traits for management of IDC and SCN requires specific knowledge
of the disease problems present in a field.
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information
and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the University of Minnesota. 相似文献
14.
SSR mapping and confirmation of the QTL from PI96354 conditioning soybean resistance to southern root-knot nematode 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Z. Li L. Jakkula R. S. Hussey J. P. Tamulonis H. R. Boerma 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(8):1167-1173
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) can cause severe yield loss of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the southern production region of the USA. Planting root-knot nematode-resistant cultivars is the most effective
method of preventing yield loss. DNA marker-assisted breeding may accelerate the development of root-knot nematode-resistant
cultivars. RFLP markers have previously been used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring resistance to southern
root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood] (Mi) in a F2:3 soybean population created by crossing the resistant PI96354 and the susceptible ’Bossier.’ A major QTL on linkage group
(LG) O conditioning 31% of the variation in Mi gall number and a minor QTL on LG-G conditioning 14% of the gall variation
were reported. With the development of SSR markers for soybean improvement, a higher level of mapping resolution and semi-automated
detection has become possible. The objectives of this research were: (1) to increase the marker density in the genomic regions
of the QTLs for Mi resistance on LG-O and LG-G with SSR markers; and (2) to confirm the effect of the QTLs in a second population
and a different genetic background. With SSR markers, the QTL on LG-O was flanked by Satt492 and Satt358, and on LG-G by Satt012
and Satt505. Utilizing SSR markers flanking the two QTLs, marker-assisted selection was performed in a second F2:3 population of PI96354× Bossier. Results confirmed the effectiveness of marker-assisted selection to predict the Mi phenotypes.
By screening the BC2F2 population of Prichard (3)×G93–9009 we confirmed that selection for the minor QTL on LG-G with flanking SSR markers would
enhance the resistance of lines containing the major QTL (which is most-likely Rmi1).
Received: 29 September 2000 / Accepted: 17 April 2001 相似文献
15.
Senyu Chen 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2007,17(2):125-134
Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate soils for their degree of suppressiveness against the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. The soils were collected in 2003 and 2004 from two fields with long-term soybean monoculture and one field with corn/soybean annual rotation. The soils were autoclaved, treated with formalin, or untreated. Both formalin and autoclave treatments removed suppressive factors and increased the nematode egg population density as compared with untreated soil. The mixture of 10% untreated soil with 90% treated soil resulted in similar nematode population densities as in the untreated soils collected from the two monoculture fields, indicating the suppressive factors were biological and can be transferred. The soils from the monoculture fields appeared to be more suppressive than the soil from the corn/soybean rotation. Hirsutella rhossiliensis was observed in all three soils, and parasitised a large percentage of second-stage juveniles of H. glycines in the monoculture soils in 2004. The fungus may be a major factor for the suppression of the nematode population, but in this study other biological factors cannot be ruled out. 相似文献
16.
Different explant sources from several Giycine max (L.) Merr. cultivars and several G. soja F. J. Herm Plant Introductions were tested for calluas production. Embryo axis explants produced callus most readily; hence, they were selected for media response studies and microscopic evaluation. Two callus types, proliferative and senescing, were identified and characterized by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Proliferative callus was composed of chloroplast-containing cells interspersed with colorless meristematic areas, while senescing callus contained mostly large, vacuolate cells without chloroplasts. In SEM preparations a furry, layered, mucilaginous coating was seen on the outer surface of the senescing callus, while proliferative callus cells had uncoated, smooth or wrinkled surfaces. The mucilage contained glucose and galactose. 相似文献
17.
Bridget F. O’Neill Arthur R. Zangerl Evan H. DeLucia Clare Casteel Jorge A. Zavala May R. Berenbaum 《Insect Science》2011,18(4):419-425
Abstract Plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) experience physiological changes that influence their suitability as food for insects. To determine the effects of living on soybean (Glycine max Linnaeus) grown under elevated CO2, population growth of the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) was determined at the SoyFACE research site at the University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign, Illinois, USA, grown under elevated (550 μL/L) and ambient (370 μL/L) levels of CO2. Growth of aphid populations under elevated CO2 was significantly greater after 1 week, with populations attaining twice the size of those on plants grown under ambient levels of CO2. Soybean leaves grown under elevated levels of CO2 were previously demonstrated at SoyFACE to have increased leaf temperature caused by reduced stomatal conductance. To separate the increased leaf temperature from other effects of elevated CO2, air temperature was lowered while the CO2 level was increased, which lowered overall leaf temperatures to those measured for leaves grown under ambient levels of CO2. Aphid population growth on plants grown under elevated CO2 and reduced air temperature was not significantly greater than on plants grown under ambient levels of CO2. By increasing Glycine max leaf temperature, elevated CO2 may increase populations of Aphis glycines and their impact on crop productivity. 相似文献
18.
M. T. McCarville M. O’Neal G. L. Tylka C. Kanobe G. C. MacIntosh 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2012,143(1):55-66
Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabaceae), is an introduced crop to America and initially benefited from a small number of pests threatening its production. Since its rapid expansion in production beginning in the 1930s, several pests have been introduced from the native range of soybean. Our knowledge of how these pests interact and the implications for management is limited. We examined how three common economic soybean pests, the nematode Heterodera glycines Ichinohe (Nematoda: Heteroderidae), the fungus Cadophora gregata Harrington & McNew (Incertae sedis), and the aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), interact on soybean cyst nematode‐susceptible (SCN‐S) and soybean cyst nematode‐resistant cultivars carrying the PI 88788 resistance source (SCN‐R). From 2008 to 2010, six soybean cultivars were infested with either a single pest or all three pests in combination in a micro‐plot field experiment. Pest performance was measured in a ‘single pest’ treatment and compared with pest performance in the ‘multiple pest’ treatment, allowing us to measure the impact of SCN resistance and the presence of other soybean pests on each pest’s performance. Performance of H. glycines (80% reduction in reproduction) and A. glycines (19.8% reduction in plant exposure) was reduced on SCN‐R cultivars. Regardless of cultivar, the presence of multiple pests significantly decreased the performance of A. glycines, but significantly increased H. glycines performance. The presence of multiple pests decreased the performance of C. gregata on SCN‐S soybean cultivars (20.6% reduction in disease rating). 相似文献
19.
Soybean plants show diversity in stem-growth habit which ranges from the determinate type to the indeterminate type. Stem growth of determinate plants abruptly terminate near the beginning of flowering. The possible involvement of jasmonic acid (JA) in the control of the stem growth-habit was examined in indeterminate and determinate isolines of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merril cv. Harosoy]. JA-like activities in leaves of both isolines were very low 20 days before the commencement of flowering. The activity increased rapidly thereafter and reached a maximum near the time of flowering. Although the activities in leaves of both isolines fluctuated in a similar manner, the activity in the determinate isoline was much higher than that in the indeterminate isoline after flowering. The presence of JA in the leaves of the determinate isoline was confirmed by purification by high-performance liquid chromatography and by mass spectrometry. Exogenous application of JA to cultured shoot apices of the indeterminate isoline strongly inhibited growth. These results suggest that jasmonic acid is a major endogenous factor that controls the growth habit of soybean plants. 相似文献