牧马豆生物碱成分研究

从豆科野决明属植物牧马豆(Thermopsis lanceolata R.Br.)的全草中分得五个生物碱.经物理常数测定及光谱分析,分别签定为:奥豆碱(Ⅰ),无叶豆碱(Ⅱ),13-0-Acetylbaptifoline(Ⅲ),黄华胺(Ⅳ)和N-甲醛基金雀花碱(Ⅴ).其中化合物Ⅲ和Ⅴ为首次从该种植物中分得.     

昆明山海棠茎中化合物的分离及其抗炎活性

从昆明山海棠茎的氯仿提取物中分离得到6个化合物,经鉴定为雷公藤内酯甲(Ⅰ)、昆明山海棠二萜内酯(Ⅱ)、雷公藤内酯乙(Ⅲ)、雷酚二萜酸(Ⅳ)、雷公藤碱(Ⅴ)及3-epikatonic acid(Ⅵ)。其中,化合物Ⅲ及Ⅵ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ为首次从该植物茎中分离得到。药理实验显示化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ对大鼠足跖部角叉菜胶炎症模型具有明显的抑制作用。     

头序楤木化学成分研究

自头序楤木70%EtOH提取物分得6个化合物,应用光谱技术(IR,MS,(?)~HNMR,~(13)C NMR.DEPT,2DNMR)及化学方法.确定了他们的结构,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ),齐墩果酸(Ⅲ),竹节参皂甙 (?)(Ⅳ):竹节参皂甙Ⅳa(Chikusetsusapomin Ⅳa)(Ⅴ),常春藤皂甙元—28-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅵ),以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,其中Ⅵ为一新化合物.     

槐果皮中的脂溶性成分

首次对槐（Sophora japonica)果皮进行了化学成分研究,从其石油醚部分分离得到了7个化合物,它们的结构经波谱和化学方法确定为：（Z）－1,1′－biindenyliden(Ⅰ),lupenone(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅲ),p-ethoxybenzoic acid(Ⅳ),hexacosoic acid(Ⅴ),nonadecyl alcohol(Ⅵ)和eicosanol(Ⅶ),其中化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物,其它均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

千金藤属植物小叶地不容中的生物碱(Ⅷ)

从小叶地不容(Steghania succitera Lo.et Tsoong)的块根中分得11种生物碱,根据理化性质及波谱测定,鉴定为克班宁(crebanine)(Ⅰ),四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)(Ⅱ),去氢克班宁(dehydrocrebanine)(Ⅲ),巴马汀(palmatine)(Ⅳ),去氢紫堇单酚碱(dehydro-corydalmiae)(Ⅴ),克班宁硝酸盐(Ⅵ),氧代克班宁(oxocrebanine)(Ⅶ),紫堇单酚碱(corydalmine)(Ⅷ),phanostenine(Ⅸ),离木明碱 discretamine(Ⅹ),及 corypalmine(Ⅺ),化合物(Ⅳ)、(Ⅴ)、(Ⅵ)、(Ⅶ)、(Ⅸ)、(Ⅹ)和Ⅺ为首次报道从该植物中分得。     

丽江蚤缀的化学成分

利用DiaionHP20及硅胶柱层析进行化合物的分离,从乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到了8个化合物,借助多种光谱技术进行结构鉴定分别鉴定为E对甲氧基肉桂酸(pEMethoxycinnamicacid)(Ⅰ),Z对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯(3(4Methoxyphenyl)2Zpropenoicacidmethylester)(Ⅱ),Z对甲氧基肉桂酸(pZMethoxycinnamicacid)(Ⅲ),E对羟基肉桂酸甲酯(pEHedroxycinnamicacidmethylester)(Ⅳ),2,4,6,4′fourhydroxydihydrochalcone(Ⅴ),5,7,4′三羟基3′,5′二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅵ),β谷甾醇(βSidosterol)(Ⅶ),胡萝卜苷(Daucosterol)(Ⅷ)。所有化合物均为已知化合物,并首次从该植物中分得。     

西洋梨枝化学成分的研究

从西洋梨的枝中分离鉴定了8个化合物,它们分别是正二十九烷(Ⅰ)、羽扇豆醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、白桦脂醇(Ⅴ)、白桦脂酸(Ⅵ)、胡萝卜甙(Ⅶ)、氢醌(Ⅷ)、和熊果甙(Ⅸ)。初步药理实验表明,化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ和Ⅸ有一定的抑菌作用,Ⅷ对S-180有一定抑瘤活性。     

贵州苗药黑骨藤化学成分的研究

利用色谱技术从黑骨藤(Periploca forrestii Schltr)中分离得到9个化合物,通过理化性质和光谱分析,分别鉴定为:α-香树脂醇(I),α-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅱ),27-羟基-α-香树脂醇(Ⅲ),β-香树脂醇(IV),β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(V),熊果酸(Ⅵ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅷ),β-胡萝卜甙(Ⅷ),大黄素(Ⅸ).化合物Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

狭叶香蒲花粉（蒲黄）中的亲脂性成分

从狭叶香蒲(Typha angustifolia L.)的干燥花粉中分离到5个化合物,经理化试验和波谱分析其中4个化合物的结构确定为7-甲基-4-三十烷酮(7-methyl-4-triacontanone,Ⅰ)、6-三十三烷醇(6-tritriacontanol,Ⅱ)、二十五烷(pentacosane,Ⅲ)和β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯(β-sitosterol patmitate,Ⅳ),另外还分得一个化合物Ⅴ。Ⅳ是降低血清胆固醇的有效成分。Ⅰ、Ⅱ是新化合物。     

贵州紫云产黄花香茶菜的化学成分研究

采用甲醇回流提取和硅胶柱层析方法,从紫云产黄花香茶菜中分离得到6个化合物,结合1H-NMR、13C-NMR数据及文献资料鉴定为黄花香茶菜乙素(Ⅰ)、黄花香茶菜丁素(Ⅱ)、大萼变型香茶菜甲素(Ⅲ)、3β-Hydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic acid(Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅴ)和熊果酸(Ⅵ)。其中化合物Ⅳ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.     

杆状病毒出芽病毒粒子膜融合蛋白的研究进展

杆状病毒是一类感染节肢动物的病原微生物,其基因组为双链环状DNA,大小为80～180kb.     

Inception of the Modern Public Health System in China and Perspectives for Effective Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases: In Commemoration of the 140th Anniversary of the Birth of the Plague Fighter Dr. Wu Lien-Teh

In this article, we systematically review Dr. Wu Lien-Teh's academic achievements and outstanding contributions in the prevention and control of the plague epidemic in northeast China and introduce the development of the earliest public health epidemic prevention system in China in order to commemorate the 140th anniversary of Dr. Wu Lien-Teh's birth. We hope that this article will provide insights into the effective prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases as well as the current worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, facilitating the improvement and development of public health systems in China and around the globe.