毕赤酵母表达猪干扰素—γ基因及其抑制蓝耳病毒效果

为了研究和应用猪重组干扰素-γ（rPoIFN-γ)预防和治疗病毒性疫苗,将大白猪PoIFN-γ基因插入到酵母整合载体pHIL-S1,构建了重组GS115工程菌（pHIL-S1/rPoIFN-γ)。经过SDS－PAGE,Western blot分析和抗滤泡性口炎病毒（VSV）活性测定,证实了rPoIFN-γ分子量为18kD,在GS115中的表达量为18％。其抗VSV活性为450－540u/mL。用rPoIFN-γ处理猪肺巨噬细胞系Marc-145后,经细胞病变抑制法（CPE50）测定,rPoIFN-γ可以抑抗蓝耳病病毒（PRRSV）感染。结果显示酵母表达的rPoIFN-γ是有应用价值的抗病毒生物工程制剂。     

猪γ干扰素的表达及其抗病毒活性的安全检测

为了提高干扰素抗病毒活性测定的生物安全性,本研究使用含有GFP的复制缺陷型水疱性口炎病毒(VSV△G*G)为指示病毒,分别对经原核表达系统和杆状病毒表达系统表达的重组猪γ干扰素(PoIFN-γ)在MDBK细胞上进行抗病毒活性测定。结果显示:由杆状病毒表达的重组PoIFN-γ具有高度抗病毒活性,其抗病毒活性为105IU/mL,原核表达的重组PoIFN-γ纯化后经缓慢复性也会产生一定的抗病毒活性,其抗病毒活性为32IU/mL。该方法与利用表达GFP的重组水疱性口炎病毒(VSV*GFP)所检测的干扰素抗病毒活性结果完全一致,表明复制缺陷型病毒VSV△G*G可作为复制型重组病毒的替代品,使得干扰素抗病毒活性检测更加安全、准确。     

毕赤酵母表达猪干扰素-γ基因及其抑制蓝耳病病毒效果

为了研究和应用猪重组干扰素-γ（rPoIFN-γ）预防和治疗病毒性疫病,将大白猪PoIFN-γ基因插入到酵母整合载体pHIL-S1、构建了重组GS115工程菌（pHIL-S1/rPoIFN-γ）。经过SDSPAGE、Western blot分析和抗滤泡性口炎病毒（VSV）活性测定,证实rPoIFN-γ分子量为18 kD,在GS115中的表达量为18%;其抗VSV活性为450～540 u/mL。用rPoIFNγ处理猪肺巨噬细胞系Marc145后,经细胞病变抑制法（CPE50）测定,rPoIFNγ可以抵抗蓝耳病病毒（PRRSV）感染。结果显示酵母表达的rPoIFN-γ是有应用价值的抗病毒生物工程制剂。     

猪γ-干扰素在重组杆状病毒中的表达及其抗病毒活性的测定

研究利用Bac-To-Bac杆状病毒表达系统构建含有猪γ-干扰素(porcine interferon-γ,PoIFN-γ)完整开放阅读框的供体质粒pFastBacTM1-PoIFN-γ,转化DH10Bac感受态细胞获得重组穿梭质粒rBacmid-PoIFN-γ,转染sf9昆虫细胞救获表达PoIFN-γ的重组杆状病毒rBac-PoIFN-γ。以抗PoIFN-γ单克隆抗体为一抗进行Western blot、间接免疫荧光(IFA)及间接ELISA检测,结果表明PoIFN-γ在重组杆状病毒rBac-PoIFN-γ感染的昆虫细胞中获得正确表达。抗病毒活性试验显示,重组杆状病毒表达rPoIFN-γ能有效抑制水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)在猪肾细胞系(PK-15)的复制,rBac-PoIFN-γ感染昆虫细胞培养上清抗病毒活性为2×104抑制单位(IU)/mL,其抗病毒活性可以被鼠抗原核表达重组PoIFN-γ免疫血清有效阻断。结果表明rPoIFN-γ在重组杆状病毒rBac-PoIFN-γ在感染昆虫细胞获得有效表达,并具有高效抗病毒活性。     

新型猫源干扰素FeIFN-ω与干扰素FeIFN-α的表达及抗病毒活性比较

ω型干扰素(IFN-ω)与α型干扰素(IFN-α)同属于Ⅰ型干扰素,都具有抗病毒,抗增殖和免疫调节的功能,但它们之间的活性却存在较大差异.通过PCR扩增猫ω型干扰素基因(FeIFN-ω),根据GenBank公布的猫α型干扰素基因序列,合成猫α型干扰素基因(FeIFN-α).分别构建原核表达载体pET-His/FeIFN-α和pET-His/FeIFN-ω,转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)进行表达.表达产物经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化,复性后蛋白用细胞病变抑制法进行抗病毒活性测定.结果显示,重组猫ω型干扰素(FeIFN-ω)抗病毒活性明显高于重组猫α型干扰素(FeIFN-α),尤其对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV),FeIFN-ω的活性是FeIFN-α的160倍,对犬瘟热病毒(CDV),FeIFN-ω的活性是FeIFN-α的4倍,而日本同类产品Intercat 对CDV和AIV均未表现活性.以上研究为以ω型干扰素为基础的抗病毒药物应用奠定了重要的理论基础.     

不同型别的基因工程干扰素抗病毒活性的比较

对大肠杆菌生产的不同型别的基因工程干扰素rIFN-α1(α1)、rIFN-αA(αA)、rIFN-β17ser(β17ser)和rIFN-γ(γ),以及自然人白细胞干扰素nIFN-αco,在不同细胞上对不同病毒的抗病毒活性做了比较研究。证明:①α1抗病毒作用的细胞谱较广,尤其在牛肾MDBK细胞和猪肾PK细胞上有很高的活性,分别为在人细胞上的29倍和7倍。β17ser和γ在异种细胞上活性极低,在鼠、猪和牛肾细胞上的活性为人细胞上的1～2％以下。②5种干扰素对麻疹、CoxB1、Sindbis、腺病毒7型和Ⅰ、Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒的抗病毒活性无明显差异。但不同病毒对干扰素的敏感性有明显差别,以Sindbis病毒为最敏感,7型腺病毒最不敏感。③5种干扰素对流行性出血热病毒均有明显的抗病毒作用,尤以人α1型和β干扰素作用最强,α1对出血热病毒的抗病毒活性是对滤泡性口膜炎病毒(VSV)的1/2.85,人β干扰素是对VSV的1/4.1。上述结果为人基因工程干扰素的临床应用提供了实验依据。     

CHO细胞表达重组猪干扰素-γ及其抗病毒活性

为利用中国仓鼠卵巢(Chinese hamster ovarian,CHO)细胞表达系统制备重组猪干扰素-γ(recombinant porcine interferon gamma,r Po IFN-γ),并分析其体外抗病毒活性,本研究首先构建r Po IFN-γ真核表达质粒pc DNA3.1-Po IFN-γ,转染悬浮培养的CHO细胞,进行上清分泌表达,利用亲和层析纯化目的蛋白,并进行SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定;通过CCK-8实验分析r Po IFN-γ对细胞的毒性,用VSV/PK-15系统检测其抗病毒活性效价;最后分析r Po IFN-γ对塞内卡病毒A (Seneca virus A,SVA)的抗病毒活性及其对细胞内干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes,ISGs)和细胞因子的诱导作用。结果显示,本研究利用CHO悬浮细胞表达系统成功制备了纯化的r Po IFN-γ,该r Po IFN-γ对细胞无毒性,VSV/PK-15系统检测其活性效价为5.59×107 U/mg;此外,r Po IFN-γ可诱导细胞内多种ISGs和细胞...     

携带猪γ干扰素基因逆转录病毒载体的构建及其在猪肾细胞(PK-15)中的表达

将梅山猪γ干扰素基因定向插入逆转录病毒载体pLXSN(neor),构建逆转录病毒重组质粒,利用脂质体介导法将重组质粒转染逆转录病毒包装细胞系PA317,转染细胞经含G418(400μg/mL)培养基筛选一周后获得稳定产毒的PA317细胞系。从细胞培养上清中提取RNA,进行RT-PCR检测,扩增到目的片段;将上清感染猪肾细胞(PK-15),经含G418(400μg/mL、600μg/mL和800μg/mL)的DMEM筛选一周,间接免疫荧光表明表达的猪γ干扰素主要锚定于细胞膜。收取PK-15细胞上清,在牛肾细胞(MDBK)上进行干扰素抗病毒活性检测,结果显示重组病毒表达的猪γ干扰素抗水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)的活性为1200IU/106cells.48h。以表达的干扰素处理PK-15细胞后,经细胞病变抑制法测定,重组猪γ干扰素可以抵抗口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)感染。试验结果表明猪γ干扰素基因已成功插入逆转录病毒基因组并在PK-15细胞中表达,表达的重组猪γ干扰素具有较强的抗病毒生物活性。     

重组腺病毒载体表达的α干扰素对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒复制的抑制作用

目的:研究猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)新的防治方法.方法:利用表达猪α干扰素的重组腺病毒(rAd-IFNα),通过病毒滴度、间接免疫荧光试验和实时定量RT-PCR检测,在Marc-145细胞上观察其对高致病性PRRSV SY0608株的复制抑制作用.结果:将rAd-IFNα接种细胞后24h,再感染PRRSV,可以有效阻止PRRSV造成的细胞病变,PRRSV滴度和mRNA水平明显降低;该抑制作用随rAd-IFNα接种剂量的增加而增强,但随病毒培养时间延长而逐渐减弱.此外,将PRRSV感染细胞后24h,再接种rAd-IFNα,仍可以有效降低PRRSV滴度和mRNA水平,并且rAd-IFNα对PRRSV传统毒株S1株同样具有明显的抑制作用.结论:rAd-IFNα可以有效抑制PRRSV在Marc-145细胞上复制,为PRRSV的防治提供了理论依据.     

猪脾细胞干扰素与人白细胞干扰素之间的抗原性关系

我们应用中和试验在不同细胞上对干扰素血清与猪脾细胞干扰素(PSIFN)及人干扰素(HuIFN-α)的中和能力进行了试验,结果证明HuIFN-α多克隆抗体具有明显的中和PSIFN的能力。而人免疫干扰素(Hu IFN-γ)抗体具有微弱的中和猪脾细胞干扰素能力。猪脾细胞干扰素不仅可在同源细胞表现出抗病毒活性,而且可在异源细胞表现出较高的抗病毒活性。应用人白细胞干扰素多克隆抗体亲和层析可有效地分离猪脾细胞干扰素,证实猪脾细胞干扰素与人白细胞干扰素之间具有高度的同源性关系。     

Chromosomal mapping of human adenylyl cyclase genes type III,type V and type VI

Adenylyl cyclase activity plays a central role in the regulation of most cellular processes. At least eight different adenylyl cyclases have been identified, which are endowed with various and sometimes opposing regulatory properties. Recently we have localized the human genes encoding two of these adenylyl cyclases: the gene for type 11 adenylyl cyclase is located on chromosome 2 (sub-band 2p15.3), the gene for type VIII is located on chromosome 8 (sub-band 8824.2). More recently the type I gene has been located on chromosome 7 (sub-band 7pl2–7p13). Using in situ hybridization, we have now localized the genes for three other adenylyl cyclases: the type III gene has been localized on chromosome 2 in the sub-band 2p22–2p24, the type V gene on chromosome 3 at position 3q13.2–3q21, and the type VI gene on chromosome 12 at position 12q12–12q13. It therefore appears that all adenylyl cyclase genes, known at present are located on different chromosomes and thus are likely to be independently regulated.     

The second von Willebrand type A domain of cochlin has high affinity for type I, type II and type IV collagens

Cochlin is colocalized with type II collagen in the extracellular matrix of cochlea and has been suggested to interact with this collagen. Here we show that the second von Willebrand type A domain of cochlin has affinity for type II collagen, as well as type I and type IV collagens whereas the LCCL-domain of cochlin has no affinity for these proteins. The implications of these findings for the mechanism whereby cochlin mutations cause the dominant negative DFNA9-type hearing loss are discussed.

Structured summary

MINT-6796048:

type I collagen (uniprotkb:P02452) binds (MI:0407) to cochlin-vWA2 uniprotkb:O43405) by surface plasmon resonance (MI:0107)

MINT-6796166:

type III collagen (uniprotkb:P02462) binds (MI:0407) to cochlin-vWA2 (uniprotkb:O43405) by surface plasmon resonance (MI:0107)

MINT-6796062:

type II collagen (uniprotkb:P02458) binds (MI:0407) to cochlin-vWA2 (uniprotkb:O43405) by surface plasmon resonance (MI:0107)

     

FBJ virus-induced osteosarcoma contains type I, type I trimer, type III as well as type V collagens

The FBJ osteosarcoma (a virus-induced osteosarcoma named after its discoverers, Finkel, Biskis, and Jinkins) contains an extensive extracellular matrix. Collagens were extracted by digestion with pepsin in dilute acetic acid from tumors grown in lathyritic mice and fractionated by differential salt precipitation, yielding five fractions. Fraction 1 (precipitated at acidic 0.7 M and neutral 2.0 M NaCl) gave rise mainly to alpha 1(III) chain on phosphocellulose column chromatography. The alpha 1(III) chain was identified by its typical behavior on interrupted electrophoresis and analysis of the CNBr-cleaved peptides. The alpha 1(III) chain of the FBJ tumor had a high content of hydroxylysine and neutral saccharide. Fraction 2 (precipitated at acidic 0.7 M and neutral 4.5 M NaCl) yielded alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chains on the phosphocellulose column from which alpha 1(I) was eluted as a broad peak, conceivably reflecting a high content of hydroxylysine and neutral saccharide. Fraction 4 (precipitated at acidic 1.2 M and neutral 4.5 M NaCl) yielded type V collagen, which also featured an exceptionally high content of neutral saccharide (Yamagata, S., et al. (1982) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 105, 1208-1214). The proportions of type I, type I trimer, type III, and type V collagens extracted by pepsin digestion from FBJ tumor were calculated to be 33, 29, 26, and 12%, respectively. The FBJ tumor is free from invasion by blood vessels, shows no deposition of calcium, and thus has the appearance of cartilage. But type II collagen, a specific gene product of cartilage, could not be identified in any of the fractions analyzed. Contrary to its appearance, collagen type analyses indicate that FBJ osteosarcoma is literally induced from osteogenic cells.     

Differential ontogeny of type 1 and type 2 benzodiazepine receptors

The postnatal development of Type 1 and Type 2 benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex was studied using CL 218,872, a novel triazolopyridazine. On postnatal day 1 most ³H-flunitrazepam binding sites appeared to be Type 2 receptors, which increased rapidly during the first week of life and reached adult levels by 3–4 weeks of age. Type 1 receptors, on the other hand, represented only a small percentage of the binding sites on postnatal day 1 and did not begin to increase in number until approximately 7–16 days of age. These results demonstrate a differential postnatal development of two sub-populations of benzodiazepine receptors.     

Structural type diversity: measuring structuredness of communities by type diversity

Recently, the notion of diversity, which is directed towards (effective) numbers of types (states of a trait such as species and genotypes), is increasingly used as an umbrella term akin to “variation”, thus including classical metrics of dispersion among others. This is probably due to the growing interest in functional aspects of variation which involve variable differences between types. Though the traditional notion of diversity does not cover these aspects, it shows up in many interpretations. To overcome this ambiguity, the traditional notion of diversity is extended in this paper to include variable differences with emphasis on their general significance as structuring features. For this purpose, structure is conceived to be captured by the representation of types via variable differences and abundances. Structural diversity then results from application of traditional measures of diversity to the relative structural representations of types in addition to their relative abundances. Since diversity as effective number of types alone provides no information about their mutual distinctness and the range covered by them, connections to measures of dispersion are indispensable. This is considered via two approaches that rely on dispersion characteristics and one approach that allows for an assessment of structural diversity for controlled levels of type distinctness. Effects of structure on dispersion and diversity are analyzed. The use of the approaches for discovering rarely considered characteristics of phylogenetic structure is demonstrated.