广西豆科植物新记录属——镰瓣豆属

该文报道了中国广西豆科(Fabaceae)植物新分布记录属,即镰瓣豆属[Dysolobium (Benth.) Prain],同时描述了该属的分类学特征,并提供了镰瓣豆[D. grande (Benth.) Prain]的引证标本、地理信息和图片。     

Dalbergia prazeri Prain(豆科)之考证

在发表Dalbergia prazeri Prain时Prain曾认为其与托叶黄檀(D.stipulacea Roxb.)近缘,只是该种小叶背面疏被微柔毛,花萼被硬毛与托叶黄檀不同,同时又指出其荚果也与后者不同,但是并没有解释其不同点。之后Prain又将其归并入奥氏黄檀(D.oliveri Gamble ex Prain),亦未给出相应的理由。经研究D.prazeri Prain与南岭黄檀(D.assamica Benth.)为同种,而被归并入后者。Prain发表该种时引证Prazer s.n.为模式,但并没有指定主模式。涉及该种的Prazer s.n.的标本共有6份,该文将藏于印度国立标本馆加尔各答馆(CAL),条形码为CAL0000012326(CAL标本号131311)的标本指定为后选模式(lectotype),其余分别藏于加尔各答标本馆的4份及英国皇家植物园邱园标本馆(K)的1份为等后选模式(isolectotype)。     

The varieties of Bauhinia pottsii G. Don in Thailand (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae)

 Bauhinia pottsii G. Don, B. subsessilis Craib, B. velutina (Wall. ex Benth.) Baker, B. mollissima (Wall.) Prain, and B. decipiens Craib were recently recognized as five varieties of Bauhinia pottsii G. Don. They grow naturally in southern Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula. Bauhinia pottsii var. decipiens (Craib) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen is endemic to Thailand and known only from the type collection, so it was omitted from this study. Quantitative and qualitative morphological characters were examined in 200 specimens using multivariate and univariate analyses to determine the taxonomic relationship among the four. Some variation in qualitative characters was found between the varieties which separated them as previously defined in Flora of Thailand. Forty-three quantitative characters were subjected to cluster analysis to allow an objective classification into groups. The groups were subsequently evaluated by a canonical discriminant analysis. It was found that these characters collectively support the four varieties as defined by qualitative characters. However, the close relationship of varieties mollissima (Wall. ex Prain) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen and velutina (Wall. ex Benth.) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen is observed. The linear discriminant function has an overall rate of 98.5% correct classification and is useful for variety classification. Among quantitative characters, petal-claw length and ovarystalk length together with some qualitative characters are useful for key construction to separate the four varieties. Received April 24, 2001 Accepted December 11, 2001     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Tabaroa</Emphasis>, a new genus of Leguminosae tribe Brongniartieae from Brazil

A new genus of Leguminosae in tribe Brongniartieae is proposed based on a new species endemic to the Caatinga of Bahia state. The new genus is named as Tabaroa L. P. Queiroz, G. P. Lewis & M. F. Wojc. and the new species as Tabaroa caatingicola L. P. Queiroz, G. P. Lewis & M. F. Wojc. A phylogenetic study of the Brongniartieae based on nuclear rDNA ITS and plastid matK sequences supports a closer relationship between Tabaroa and Harpalyce Moc. & Sessé than to the two South American genera Poecilanthe Benth. and Cyclolobium Benth., which are more similar morphologically. Optimisation of selected morphological characters on one of the most parsimonious trees indicates that the sessile ovary and the explosive pollen presentation are putative synapomorphies of the Tabaroa-Harpalyce clade. The genus Tabaroa may be diagnosed by the absence of peltate glandular trichomes; leaves imparipinnate, exstipellate and with opposite leaflets; flowers sessile, not resupinate, grouped in panicles; anthers apiculate; and fruit indehiscent. The only known species inhabits areas of arboreal caatinga on sandy soil in southwestern Bahia, near the boundaries of Dom Basílio and Livramento de Nossa Senhora municipalities.     

秦岭植物分布3新记录属

报道了秦岭植物分布3新记录属:鹿蹄草科(Pyrolaceae)的沙晶兰属(Monotropastrum Andres)、列当科(Orobanchaceae)的藨寄生属(Gleadovia Gamble et Prain)和爵床科(Acanthaceae)的十万错属(Asystasia Blume)。相应的新记录种或变种为无毛沙晶兰[M.humile(D.Don)H.Hara var.glaberrimum H.Hara]、藨寄生(G.ruborum Gamble et Prain)和白接骨[A.neesiana(Wallich)Nees]。     

Two new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lonchocarpus</Emphasis> (Leguminosae,Papilionoideae, Millettieae) from Brazil

Two new species of Lonchocarpus from Brazil, assigned to sect. Laxiflori Benth., are described and illustrated and their affinities, geographical distribution and conservation status are discussed. Lonchocarpus laticiferus from arboreal caatinga vegetation of Bahia State, and deciduous forest of Minas Gerais State is related to L. montanus A. M. G. Azevedo ex M. J. Silva & A. M. G. Azevedo. Lonchocarpus graciliflorus, known only from the rain forest of Paraná, is morphologically similar to L. longiunguiculatus M. J. Silva & A. M. G. Azevedo.     

Meconopsis taylorii,a new Species from Nepal

Summary

Meconopsis taylorii (Papaveraceae) described here is a new species from the Annapurna Himal of Central Nepal, allied to M. superba Prain and M. regia G. Taylor, but distinct in its pink flowers, inaperturate pollen grains and long narrowly clavate capsules.     

纺锤根锥花——中国唇形科锥花属一新记录种

报道了中国唇形科锥花属一新记录种———纺锤根锥花Gomphostemma mastersii Benth.ex Hook.f.,并提供了该种的形态描述和野外生态照片。纺锤根锥花是现知锥花属植物中唯一具有纺锤根的种类。     

A REAPPRAISAL OF THE SUBGENUS GLYCINE

The genus Glycine Willd. is divided into three subgenera, Glycine Willd., Soja (Moench) F. J. Herm., and Bracteata Verdc. Six species are currently recognized in the subgenus Glycine: G. canescens F. J. Herm., G. clandestina Willd., G. falcata Benth., G. latrobeana (Meissn.) Benth., G. tabacina (Labill.) Benth., and G. tomentella Hayata. Distribution of the subgenus extends from south China to Tasmania and includes several Pacific islands. A collection of these species was examined cytologically and morphologically in an attempt to evaluate existing variability between and within taxa. Chromosome counts confirmed G. canescens, G. clandestina and G. falcata to be diploid with 2n = 40. Both tetraploids (2n = 80) and diploids were found in G. tabacina, the latter restricted to Australia. Glycine tomentella accessions were primarily tetraploid, but several collections from New South Wales, Australia, were found to be aneuploid with 78 chromosomes. One collection was aneuploid at the diploid level with 38 chromosomes. Meiosis appeared normal in the aneuploids with regular bivalent formation. Several accessions previously identified as G. tomentella were diploid. Seed of G. latrobeana was not available for analysis. Numerical techniques in the form of cluster analysis and principal components analysis were applied to morphological data on vegetative and inflorescence characters obtained from each collection. Numerical analysis grouped the accessions essentially according to current species delimitations with some exceptions. Glycine tabacina specimens from Taiwan approached G. clandestina in several characteristics. The diploid G. tomentella specimens formed a separate cluster and appeared morphologically distinct from the remaining taxa.     

白毛算盘子(叶下珠科)在中国无分布

长期以来,白毛算盘子(Glochidion arborescens Blume)被认为广布于中国云南西部至南部地区。该研究基于多年野外考察及标本查阅工作发现,由于白毛算盘子在中国的分布实为标本错误鉴定所致,相关错误鉴定的标本绝大部分属于绒毛算盘子[G.heyneanum(Wight&Arn.) Wight],少部分属于里白算盘子(G.acuminatum var.acuminatum Müll. Arg.)、毛果算盘子(G.eriocarpum Champ. ex Benth.)、艾胶算盘子[G.lancolarium(Roxb.) Voigt]或厚叶算盘子[G.zeylanicum var.tomentosum(Dalzell) Trimen]等物种,故在此将白毛算盘子在中国的分布予以排除。另外,对白毛算盘子进行了后选模式指定,并提供了白毛算盘子与相关混淆种的物种检索表。     

中国绿绒蒿属新资料

吉隆沟是喜马拉雅西部最大的水汽通道,水热条件好,地形地貌多样,孕育了丰富的植物多样性。该文报道了在西藏吉隆县发现的中国绿绒蒿属2个中国新记录种——秋花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis autumnalis P. Egan)、美花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis bella Prain)以及1个发表后再次记录到的物种——心叶绿绒蒿［Meconopsis polygonoides (Prain) Prain］。文中提供了形态特征描述、分布及生境,并简要说明了与近似种的区别。该发现丰富了中国西藏植物区系,为中国绿绒蒿属研究提供了新资料。结合过往的调查,作者认为吉隆县的植物多样性调查应减少传统吉隆县沿吉隆藏布到吉隆镇的过度采集,建议向吉隆口岸及两侧深入采集。     

A new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Macroptilium</Emphasis> (Benth.) Urb. (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Leguminosae</Emphasis>: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Papilionoideae</Emphasis>: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaseolinae</Emphasis>) from North-Eastern Brazil

Summary  A new species of Macroptilium sect. Microcochle (Benth.) J. A. Lackey is herein described from the states of Piauí and Bahia, Brazil. Macroptilium cochleatum is characterized by few-flowered inflorescences, calyx teeth longer than the tube, a tightly four-coiled keel, and linear, patent fruits. The discovery of this unique Macroptilium species, with its distally coiled keel, expands the diagnostic features of the genus. A key to the Brazilian species of sect. Microcochle is provided.     

中国哥纳香属(番荔枝科)植物新资料

番荔枝科(Annonaceae)是基部被子植物木兰目(Magnoliales)中较进化且物种数最多的科。目前的系统发育研究将番荔枝科划分为4个亚科,即蒙蒿子亚科(Anaxagoreoideae)、澄光木亚科(Ambavioideae)、番荔枝亚科(Annonoideae)和排石木亚科(Malmeoideae),有107属,2 400多种,中国原产21 属约110 种。番荔枝科泛热带分布,是热带植物区系的优势类群,中国云南盈江位于云南省最西部边境,与缅甸东北部接壤,并与印度的东阿萨姆较近,植物区系处于东南亚(印度—马来西亚)热带生物区系向东亚亚热带-温带生物区系的过渡地带,属典型热带北缘性质,在植被地理和生物地理上十分重要,成为生物多样性保护的关键和热点地区。该区的热带雨林是印度阿萨姆和缅甸北部的热带雨林向东和向北扩散分布的边缘类型,是东南亚热带雨林在纬度和海拔分布上的极限类型。该文报道了采自中国云南省盈江县,引种保存于中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园的番荔枝科哥纳香属2个中国新记录种,即皱叶哥纳香 [Goniothalamus sesquipedalis(Colebr. ex Wall.)Hook. f. & Thomson]和长梗哥纳香(G. peduncularis King & Prain)。Flora of China将盈江哥纳香(G. lii X. L. Hou & Y. M. Shui)处理为云南哥纳香(G. yunnanensis W. T. Wang)的异名,基于活植物观察、馆藏标本和文献研究,该文对盈江哥纳香的分类地位进行了澄清,将其处理为长梗哥纳香的异名。皱叶哥纳香原记载产于印度、孟加拉国和缅甸等地,长梗哥纳香仅产于缅甸,该文对它们进行了补充描述,并提供彩色图版以便于鉴别。凭证标本存放于中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园标本馆(HITBC)。哥纳香属2个新记录的发现,丰富了中国番荔枝科植物多样性的认识,为中国云南热带植物区系属于热带亚洲(印度—马来西亚)植物区系,以及与缅甸北部、印度东北部植物区系的关系增加了例证。     

623. DACTYLICAPNOS MACROCAPNOS

Summary Dactylicapnos macrocapnos (Prain) Hutch., a tuberous rooted perennial climber from China, India and Nepal, is described and illustrated. Characters distinguishing it from D. scandens are provided, although the two species in cultivation are easily recognized.     

中国黄檀属植物(豆科)二新记录种

报道了2种黄檀属植物,即绒叶黄檀(Dalbergia velutina Benth.)和卵叶黄檀(D.ovata Graham ex Benth.)在中国云南的分布新记录。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Valeriana neglecta</Emphasis> (Valerianaceae), a new species from Colombia

Valeriana neglecta R. Bernal (Valerianaceae) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in northern Colombia, is described as new, and illustrated, based on two specimens collected in 1844. It belongs to subgenus Valeriana sect. Porteria (Hook.) Benth. & Hook f., and differs from other species of the group in its corymboid inflorescence, with dense, capitoid, partial inflorescences, and in its narrowly spathulate leaves that are remotely dentate towards apex.     

The host range and biology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cometaster pyrula</Emphasis>; a biocontrol agent for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia nilotica</Emphasis> subsp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">indica</Emphasis> in Australia

Prickly acacia, Acacia nilotica subsp. indica (Benth.) Brenan, a major weed of the Mitchell Grass Downs of northern Queensland, Australia, has been the target of biological control projects since the 1980s. The leaf-feeding caterpillar Cometaster pyrula (Hopffer) was collected from Acacia nilotica subsp. kraussiana (Benth.) Brenan during surveys in South Africa to find suitable biological control agents, recognised as a potential agent, and shipped into a quarantine facility in Australia. Cometaster pyrula has a life cycle of approximately 2 months during which time the larvae feed voraciously and reach 6 cm in length. Female moths oviposit a mean of 339 eggs. When presented with cut foliage of 77 plant species, unfed neonates survived for 7 days on only Acacia nilotica subsp. indica and Acacia nilotica subsp. kraussiana. When unfed neonates were placed on potted plants of 14 plant species, all larvae except those on Acacia nilotica subsp. indica and Acacia nilotica subsp. kraussiana died within 10 days of placement. Cometaster pyrula was considered to be highly host specific and safe to release in Australia. Permission to release C. pyrula in Australia was obtained and the insect was first released in north Queensland in October 2004. The ecoclimatic model CLIMEX indicated that coastal Queensland was climatically suitable for this insect but that inland areas were only marginally suitable.     

Two new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sloanea</Emphasis> (Elaeocarpaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Two new species of Sloanea are described and illustrated: S. fasciculata D. Samp. & V. C. Souza and S. hatschbachii D. Samp. & V. C. Souza. Both species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest states of Espírito Santo and Paraná in Brazil. S. fasciculata is similar to S. hirsuta (Schott) Planch. ex Benth., but has a fasciculate inflorescence and deeply-divided stigma. S. hatschbachii is similar to S. lasiocoma K. Schum. with regard to the morphology of the leaves, flowers and inflorescence, which is a frondose-bracteate raceme, but can be differentiated by the size of the style, the extension of the connective, and the length of the sepals.     

Chemical Diversity in Himalayan Elsholtzia Species

The terpenoid composition of essential oils from the leaves of five Elsholtzia species, viz., E. eriostachya Benth ., E. cristata Willd ., E. polystachya Benth ., E. flava Benth ., and E. pilosa Benth ., collected from the Himalayan region (India), was examined by GC, GC/MS, and NMR analyses. Comparison of the results with previous reports revealed new chemotypes. Cluster analysis was carried out in order to discern the similarities and differences within the essential‐oil compositions at their subspecies/chemotype level. Based on the major constituents of the essential oils, six chemical groups were obtained.     

广西唇形科植物新记录

该文首次报道了唇形科5种植物在广西的新记录——簇序属(Craniotome Reichenb.)及簇序草[Craniotome furcata(Link)Kuntze]、西南水苏[Stachys kouyangensis(Vaniot)Dunn]、海南深红鸡脚参[Orthosiphon rubicundus(D.Don)Benth.var.hainanensis Sun ex C.Y.Wu]、黄花香薷[Elsholtzia flava(Benth.)Benth.]、滨海白绒草[Leucas chinensis(Retz.)R.Br.]。引证标本均存放于广西中医药研究院标本馆(GXMI)。