Effects of single and double exposure to brilliant cresyl blue on the selection of porcine oocytes for in vitro production of embryos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of single and double application of the brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) test on the selection of porcine oocytes as an indirect measure of oocyte growth for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and nuclear transfer. In the first experiment, oocytes were exposed to BCB before and after maturation culture and classified according to their cytoplasmic coloration: blue coloration and colorless. The classified oocytes were fertilized with spermatozoa and then cultured for 7 days. The percentages of maturation to metaphase II in blue oocytes at the start of maturation culture were higher than those of colorless oocytes (68.7-70.1% versus 0.8-3.6%, P < 0.05). However, double application of BCB test before and after maturation culture had a toxic effect on fertilization and embryonic development. No significant differences in the blastocyst formation were found between blue oocytes without double application of BCB test and control oocytes without any application of BCB test, whereas the total cell number per blastocyst from the blue oocytes was higher than that from the control oocytes (48.0 versus 34.2, P < 0.05). In the second experiment, oocytes were exposed to the BCB test before or after maturation culture, and then the matured oocytes were activated to evaluate the ability of parthenogenetic development. The proportion of blastocyst formation of blue oocytes classified after maturation culture was lower than that of blue oocytes classified before maturation culture (10.0% versus 27.0%, P < 0.05). Therefore, double application of the BCB test before and after maturation culture impaired fertilization and embryonic development, whereas a single application before maturation culture was efficient to select oocytes for IVF and nuclear transfer.     

Test of the validity of the Poisson assumption for analysis of most-probable-number results

A test of the validity of the Poisson assumption for sample replicates in dilution series of finite length is proposed and its properties are examined by using Monte Carlo simulation. The test is based on an examination of the number of intervals between complete sterility and complete infection in a series. The test is applied to a data set of routine influent coliform samples at the Chicago water supply intake. By this test, the data set is rejected as being drawn from a Poisson replication. Tables for direct application to a 3-dilution, 5-tube decimal series are presented, and their application is illustrated.     

The effect of the persistence of juvenile hormone mimics on their activity on Rhodnius prolixus

The apparent juvenile hormone (JH) activity of methyl 12-homo-juvenate on fed fifth instar Rhodnius prolixus is nearly twelve times greater if the compound is applied topically over a period of 7 days (serial application) rather than as a single dose 1 day after feeding. Of five other JH mimics tested, four were more active by serial application, although none showed so great an increase in activity as methyl 12-homojuvenate; only farnesyl methyl ether was more active by single application. It is considered that the generally greater activity shown in the serial application tests is because less JH mimic is wasted by degradation and/or excretion. Therefore the serial application test provides a more accurate estimate of inna e JH activity than the single application test.     

Test of the validity of the Poisson assumption for analysis of most-probable-number results.

A test of the validity of the Poisson assumption for sample replicates in dilution series of finite length is proposed and its properties are examined by using Monte Carlo simulation. The test is based on an examination of the number of intervals between complete sterility and complete infection in a series. The test is applied to a data set of routine influent coliform samples at the Chicago water supply intake. By this test, the data set is rejected as being drawn from a Poisson replication. Tables for direct application to a 3-dilution, 5-tube decimal series are presented, and their application is illustrated.     

蚯蚓在环境安全研究中的应用

蚯蚓在环境污染的生态毒理学诊断方面具有重要生态学意义,这是蚯蚓在环境安全研究中应用的基础。本文概述了蚯蚓生态毒理诊断的一些试验方法,包括急性毒性试验法、田间生态毒性试验法、污染环境的生物检测法和微观生物指标检测法。在这基础上,就蚯蚓的环境安全生态指示研究进展进行了剖析与展望。还从蚯蚓处理生活垃圾与农业有机废弃物以及污水的蚯蚓过滤处理等应用方面,论述了蚯蚓在污染环境解毒过程中的重要生态作用及今后的发展方向。     

注水式结肠镜检查法的研究进展

注水式结肠镜检查法是指用注水代替传统的注气,通过向肠腔内注水以扩张肠管,循腔进镜的肠镜检查方法。自1984年《新英格兰杂志》首次报道应用传统的注气式结肠镜检查失败时,应用辅助注水的方式帮助寻找肠腔走行,有利于内镜顺利通过憩室段以来,经过三十年的发展与研究,注水式结肠镜检查法较传统的注气式结肠镜检查具有减轻患者腹痛、缩短进镜时间及提高盲肠插管成功率等方面的优势。本文主要就注水式结肠镜检查法的历史起源、发展历程、研究进展、存在的问题以及应用前景等进行了综述。     

Note on the choice of statistic for testing hypotheses regarding seasonality

The Kolmogorov-Smirnov one-sample test and the Pearson chi-square test are discussed regarding their application for testing hypotheses of seasonality in births. This paper addresses some points mentioned in an earlier paper by McCullough and argues that the chi-square procedure may be the better test.     

秩和检验法在动物生态学研究中的应用

秩和检验法是非参数统计法中的一种重要方法,是对成组数据t—检验的一个补充。在动物生态学领域的实验设计以及数据统计分析中有一定的实用价值,本文简要介绍这一方法的使用。     

Measurement of cell swelling in a hypotonic medium as a rapid and sensitive test of cell injury

A development and application of a novel test of cell damage is described. The test is based on the ability of undamaged cells to swell in the hypotonic medium. The test is much more rapid and sensitive than the tests based on staining with trypan blue or fluorescein diacetate.     

500例疑似需氧菌性阴道炎患者阴道分泌物镜检和生化检测结果对比分析

目的探讨需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）生化检测法的临床应用价值。方法使用镜检和生化检测对500例疑似AV患者阴道分泌物进行检查,对检测结果进行对比分析。结果在500例疑似AV患者中,镜检法检出阳性患者409例,生化检测法共检出阳性患者414例。两种方法的诊断符合率为96.60%,二者呈中度一致性（Kappa=0.783,P〈0.05）。以镜检法为标准,生化检测法的敏感度为98.53%、特异性为87.91%。结论生化检测法对AV诊断具有很高的敏感度和特异度,且与镜检法符合率高,值得临床推广使用。     

Detection of mutagens in the urine of rats following topical application of hair dyes.

Mutagens were detected in the urine of rats following topical application of two commercial oxidative-type hair dye preparations. The test system used was induction of back mutation with the bacterial tester strain TA1538, a histidine-dependent mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. Various quantities of dye were applied to the shortened hair on the backs of the test animals. The dye was allowed to remain on the hair for 20 min after application and was then removed by shampooing and thorough rinsing. Maximal levels of mutagenic activity occurred with urine collected during first 24 h following dye application, and a dose--response was observed when increasing volumes of mutagenic urine were tested. Mutagens were detected in rat urine after intraperitoneal injection, and also after topical application of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, one of the constituents of the hair-dye preparations.     

~(13)C-methacetin breath test parameter S for liver diseases diagnosis

The mechanism of 13C-methacetin breath test is set forth clearly with the analysis of pharmacokinetics mode, and the measuring method of 13C-methacetin breath test and its clinical applications in the diagnosis of liver diseases are reported in detail. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the clinical test data, the advanced diagnostic parameter S is of important significance for the application and development of breath test.     

Serological Diagnosis of Pullorum Disease with the Microagglutination System

The application of a tetrazolium-stained Salmonella pullorum antigen in the microagglutination test is described and compared with the macroscopic tube agglutination test for detecting carriers of pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in chickens. Titers revealed by both testing procedures are similar; however, the microagglutination test is preferred because of the savings in time, space, and cost.     

A Comparison between the LEHMACHER & WALL Rank Tests and Pyhel's Permutation Test for the Analysis of r Independent Samples of Response Curves

LEHMACHER & WALL'S (1978) example of the application of a rank test for the comparison of two independent samples of response curves is reanalyzed by PYHEL'S (1980) permutation test for the hypothesis of parallelism of response curves. This permutation test is part of a complete evaluation of effects for a split-plot design using the permutation test based procedure by WILLMES & PYHEL (1981). Differences in test decisions are discussed.     

恶性肿瘤胸腹水细胞学检验的探讨

目的探讨胸腹水细胞学检验在恶性肿瘤细胞诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾我院2014年1月~2016年6月376例胸腹水脱落细胞学的检验结果,分析胸腹水细胞学检验在恶性肿瘤诊断中的应用价值。结果 376例胸腹水脱落细胞学检验患者中,发现疑似肿瘤细胞3例,恶性肿瘤细胞74例,病理组织学证实恶性肿瘤患者79例,胸腹水细胞学检验的正确率高达97.47%,假阴性率为2.53%,假阳性率为0%。结论胸腹水脱落细胞学检验在恶性肿瘤诊断中具有重要的临床价值,值得临床推广。     

恶性转化试验及其相关试验体系在致癌机理研究中的应用

肿瘤的发生以细胞的恶性转化为基础,本就以细胞恶性转化为基础的恶性转化试验及其相关试验体系用于致癌机理的研究近况作一综述,并分别介绍了各研究体系所揭示的结果。     

A Generalization of the Intraclass Tau Correlation for Tied and Censored Data

Intraclass tau correlations and a corresponding asymptotic permutation test have already been derived by WHITFIELD (1949), though for continuous data only. WHITFIELD'S concepts are now generalized for use with tied and censored data and a suggestion is made for the application of the methods to arbitrary and varying group sizes. Special attention is given to their application to dichotomous data. Extensive simulations confirming the safe use of the asymptotic test even for samples of moderate size are reported and calculated examples with data from twin-births and kidney transplantations presented.     

水肥耦合对橡胶树产胶量的影响

水分和养分是限制橡胶树生长和产胶量的重要因子.以17年生的7-33-97橡胶树为试验材料,采用施氮量、灌水量、施磷量和施钾量四因素五水平(1/2实施)的二次回归通用旋转设计,通过田间小区试验,研究了不同水肥耦合水平对橡胶树产量和干胶含量的影响,并建立了橡胶树干胶产量的水肥回归数学模型.结果表明：不同水肥耦合水平对橡胶树橡胶产量和干胶含量都有显著影响;各因素对橡胶产量的效应顺序为：施氮量＞灌水量＞施磷量＞施钾量;各因素间耦合效应顺序为：氮、水＞氮、磷＞磷、水＞钾、水,且施钾量和土壤水分呈负交互效应;水肥调控的最佳组合为：尿素用量为476.39 kg·hm^-2,过磷酸钙用量为187.70 kg·hm^-2,氯化钾用量为225.77 kg·hm^-2,土壤相对含水量控制在82.78％左右.     

拉曼光谱检测胃癌变信号的研究

利用激光拉曼光谱对胃癌患者血清及非胃癌患者血清进行对比检测,并结合对体外培养胃癌细胞分泌物的检测,对胃癌特征拉曼峰作初步探讨。得出一种有重要临床应用价值的癌症辅助快速诊断方法。     

施磷对稻田土壤及田面水磷浓度影响的模拟

通过施用不同剂量磷肥稻田土壤淹水培养试验,研究了施磷对稻田土壤及田面水磷浓度的影响.结果表明,土壤速效磷（Olsen-P）浓度在施磷后迅速下降,60 d后趋于稳定.随施磷量的增加,土壤速效磷和缓效磷库量均递增,Olsen-P与施磷量呈正相关关系(y=21.49+0.086x),表明该土壤有很高的固磷潜力.施磷后田面水中全磷浓度呈先迅速上升后又缓慢下降趋势,施磷120 d后,田面水中全磷浓度与施磷量呈指数相关关系(y=0.3 72e^0.0022x),施磷量在400～800 kg·hm^-2之间田面水全磷浓度加速增长,如果施磷量达到或超过800 kg·hm^-2,则磷容易进入田面水并导致流失,低于该施磷量时,则磷进入田面水中的量较少.利用分段回归模型模拟土壤Olsen-P与水面全磷关系,预测出导致田面水中磷激增的土壤Olsen-P浓度“突变点”为82.7 mg·kg^-1,即施磷量为712 kg·hm^-2.因此,土壤Olsen-P浓度可作为预测田面水中磷损失程度的指标.