湿润烧伤膏与周林频谱仪照射治疗101例毒蛇咬伤后溃疡小结

湿润烧伤膏与周林频谱仪照射治疗１０１例毒蛇咬伤后溃疡小结周宗富刘湘生湖南省东安县人民医院４２５９００本院从１９８９年以来,试用“光明科技”研制的湿润烧伤膏及ＨＳ３０１０型普通周林频谱治疗仪治疗毒蛇咬伤后溃疡１０１例,效果满意。介绍如下：１材料与方法１...     

原发性皮肤隐球菌病合并热带念珠菌感染1例

报告1例原发性皮肤隐球菌病.患者因“面部溃疡半年”来我科就诊.皮肤科检查：右侧额头见约5 cm×5 cm不规则地图状溃疡,病理检查示：溃疡组织中大量炎细胞浸润,PAS染色、六氨银染色均见带荚膜的圆形孢子.真菌培养为热带念珠菌.综合考虑,诊断为原发性皮肤隐球菌病合并热带念珠菌感染.经伊曲康唑治疗迅速好转.     

坏疽性脓皮病伴念珠菌性肉芽肿1例

报告坏疽性脓皮病伴念珠菌性肉芽肿1例。患者男性,59岁。双下肢反复发作溃疡增生性皮疹19个月。组织病理示坏疽性脓皮病,糖皮质激素治疗后皮损好转。病程中右侧小腿皮损再次溃疡增生,取组织进行真菌培养,鉴定为白念珠菌。口服氟康唑抗真菌,同时服用泼尼松片控制坏疽性脓皮病。治疗2个月,患者右小腿溃疡愈合,增生物消退。     

大鼠糖尿病溃疡动物模型的初步研究

目的构建大鼠糖尿病溃疡动物模型,观察评价该模型的临床及病理特点。方法利用磁片循环压迫的方法,构建大鼠糖尿病溃疡动物模型,并从整体,组织和生化三个层次对糖尿病溃疡进行了研究。结果构建出了一个可以复制的糖尿病溃疡动物模型,该模型具有组织坏死、白细胞聚集以及高浓度晚期糖化终末产物等特征。结论利用缺血再灌注法构建了大鼠糖尿病溃疡动物模型。其病理改变与人极为相似,是一种很好的用于糖尿病溃疡发病机制和治疗研究的动物模型。     

黄龙退壳出构棘

构棘(Cudrania cochinchin-ensis)是一种在我国东部至西南各省区常绿阔叶林或沟谷丛莽中较常见的常绿直立或攀援状灌木,属于桑科柘属。它的根系十分发达,根既长又粗,圆柱形,外皮金黄色或橙红色,极薄,挖出后易爆裂脱落,因此被俗称为“黄龙退壳”、“金蝉脱壳”、“金腰带”、“黄蛇根”。产地民间常用其根捣敷治跌打损伤,或晒干切片治疗肺结核、肝硬化腹水、急性黄疸型肝炎、风湿性腰腿痛和胃、十二指肠溃疡等病症,效果颇为显著。“国家中药保护品种”和“国家基本药物”之一的“中华跌打丸”中,就有这味主药。构棘高2—4米,枝上生有长1—5…     

全蝎软膏治疗下肢静脉溃疡的临床研究

目的:观察全蝎软膏对下肢静脉溃疡患者创面的影响。方法:40例下肢静脉溃疡患者,按入院顺序随机分为两组,全蝎软膏组20例,凡士林组20例,两组患者均予基础治疗,全蝎软膏组予全蝎软膏局部创面换药,疗程14天,2个疗程后,观察患者溃疡创面的变化情况。结果:全蝎软膏组患者溃疡创面的改善优于凡士林组(p0.05)。结论:全蝎软膏可促进下肢静脉溃疡创面的愈合,具有明显疗效。     

原发性皮肤毛霉病1例

报告1例以颏部皮肤坏死、溃疡为主要表现的原发性皮肤毛霉病。患者男,44岁,因“颏部红肿疼痛20余d”就诊。查体见颏部约6cm×7cm溃疡面,上有白色絮状物,周边见黑色坏死组织。患者既往有Ⅱ型糖尿病史,入院检查发现处于酮症酸中毒状态。入院后经溃疡面分泌物真菌涂片和小培养证实为根霉菌,经清创和两性霉素B治疗1个月后创面有新鲜肉芽生长,真菌涂片和培养转阴。     

粘膜防御在消化性溃疡发病机制中的作用

粘膜防御在消化性溃疡发病机制中的作用潘柳萍广西柳州市红会医院柳州５４５００１众所周知，消化性溃疡的发病机理主要是致溃疡的侵蚀力增强和／或抗溃疡的防御力下降。多年来，消化性溃疡的研究着重于如何消除侵蚀因素而促使溃疡愈合。近年来，“强化”粘膜防御逐渐受到...     

活动性应激溃疡可以预防吗?

将大鼠放入一种旋转活动的笼子中,让它们随笼运动,并可自由饮水、进食。5天以后,将进食时间改为每天1小时,在以后的几周里,这些大鼠的食量越来越少,最后死于所谓“活动性应激溃疡”。研究结果表明,这种溃疡是由于较高的能量消耗与能量摄入不足造成代谢失衡而引起的,而喂食方式的突然改变是溃疡发病的重要原因。假如预先施加大鼠限制进食时间的训练,是否会减少发生活动性应激溃疡的可能性     

糖尿病下肢溃疡影响因素分析及治疗方法

目的探讨糖尿病下肢溃疡的原因和治疗方法。方法回顾总结我院近年来急诊科临床收治的糖尿病并发下肢溃疡患者12例,全部病例均使用胰岛素控制血糖、抗生素抗感染、静脉滴注活血化瘀的中药、常规局部换药并结合使用具有去腐、生肌、消炎作用的中药膏剂进行治疗,同时对患者进行糖尿病相关知识的教育和自我护理技能培训。结果全部病人均治愈出院,其中截趾术后伤口愈合出院1例,点状邮票植皮后伤口愈合1例,经换药伤口愈合10例。随访期间全部病例溃疡未复发。结论糖尿病下肢溃疡是由血管、神经、感染等多重因素造成的。对糖尿病并发下肢溃疡患者采用多种方法综合治疗可以取得较好的疗效,同时强调重视糖尿病的管理和教育。     

提高类球红细菌5-氨基乙酰丙酸产率的措施

5-氨基乙酰丙酸是四吡咯化合物生物合成的必需前体物,它作为一种无公害的绿色除草剂、杀虫剂、植物生长促进剂以及治疗癌症的药物而受到广泛的关注。文章综述了类球红细菌5-氨基乙酰丙酸的发酵生产现状以及提高其发酵产率的策略与措施。     

Eph receptor A10 has a potential as a target for a prostate cancer therapy

We recently identified Eph receptor A10 (EphA10) as a novel breast cancer-specific protein. Moreover, we also showed that an in-house developed anti-EphA10 monoclonal antibody (mAb) significantly inhibited proliferation of breast cancer cells, suggesting EphA10 as a promising target for breast cancer therapy. However, the only other known report for EphA10 was its expression in the testis at the mRNA level. Therefore, the potency of EphA10 as a drug target against cancers other than the breast is not known. The expression of EphA10 in a wide variety of cancer cells was studied and the potential of EphA10 as a drug target was evaluated. Screening of EphA10 mRNA expression showed that EphA10 was overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines as well as in prostate and colon cancer cell lines. Thus, we focused on prostate cancers in which EphA10 expression was equivalent to that in breast cancers. As a result, EphA10 expression was clearly shown in clinical prostate tumor tissues as well as in cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. In order to evaluate the potential of EphA10 as a drug target, we analyzed complement-dependent cytotoxicity effects of anti-EphA10 mAb and found that significant cytotoxicity was mediated by the expression of EphA10. Therefore, the idea was conceived that the overexpression of EphA10 in prostate cancers might have a potential as a target for prostate cancer therapy, and formed the basis for the studies reported here.     

Sterilisation of explants and cultures with sodium dichloroisocyanurate

The effectiveness of Sodium dichloroisocyanurate as a disinfectant for micropropagated plants was assessed. Analysis of the microbial flora of micropropagated plants showed a wide range of bacteria with predominantly Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Actinomycetes. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate was highly stable both as preprepared tablets and as solutions maintained at room temperature. Sterilisation of a range of plants which were heavily contaminated with bacteria was examined. Phytotoxicity was generally low and restricted to old leaves and cut surfaces. Solutions of Sodium dichloroisocyanurate were more effective at high concentrations (5000 ppm) than a commercially available bleach for disinfection of shoot cultures. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate was also used at low concentrations (300 ppm) for longer periods (24 h–48 h) to disinfect shoot explants from the field, and was at least as effective for sterilisation as a combination of Mercuric Chloride and Calcium hypochlorite.Abbreviations NaDCC Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate     

一种检测kras基因突变的新型TB-ARMS qPCR方法的建立

在荧光定量PCR基础上建立一种简单有效并且高度灵敏的TB-ARMSkras基因突变检测方法,并对其检测性能进行评估,探讨其临床应用价值。针对kras基因8种常见的点突变类型,通过设计并优化突变特异性引物、野生型特异性封闭引物并综合应用突变富集扩增反应条件等多种手段,提高点突变检测的灵敏度和特异性,采用已知野生型基因组样品和构建的突变质粒作为标准品,进行方法学评价;通过对临床样本的检测及与现有商品化试剂盒的比较进行性能验证;通过对术前血浆和配对组织样品的对比检测,评估方法是否适用于血液样本的检测。建立了TB-ARMS kras突变检测的新方法,能检测的最低突变率可达到0.01%。通过综合采用野生型特异性封闭引物和突变富集扩增条件等方法证明了其0.01%的突变检测灵敏度。检测准确性优于现有商品化试剂盒,血浆DNA TB-ARMS qPCR检测结果与配对组织DNA测序结果相符合。因此,TB-ARMS kras基因突变检测方法具有广泛的临床应用价值,既适用于临床组织样品的检测,也可应用于液体活检。     

A novel detection of a single Plasmodium falciparum in infected blood

Detection of Plasmodium falciparum malaria by a specific DNA probe is a highly promising means for epidemiological surveillance of human malaria. However, none of presently available DNA probe methods could detect as little as a few parasites in infected blood. By amplification of a specific 206 base pairs P. falciparum DNA sequence using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as little as 0.01 picogram DNA or one-half of a parasite was sufficient for a specific detection. A PCR procedure for detection of P. falciparum in infected blood without prior DNA extraction was also developed which was sensitive for a single parasite. The procedure was simple and should be applicable for a large scale epidemiological study involving a very low parasitemia situation.     

Potential of biotechnological conversion of lignocellulose hydrolyzates by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 as a model organism for a bio‐based economy

Lignocellulose‐derived hydrolyzates typically display a high degree of variation depending on applied biomass source material as well as process conditions. Consequently, this typically results in variable composition such as different sugar concentrations as well as degree and the presence of inhibitors formed during hydrolysis. These key obstacles commonly limit its efficient use as a carbon source for biotechnological conversion. The gram‐negative soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is a promising candidate for a future lignocellulose‐based biotechnology process due to its robustness and versatile metabolism. Recently, P. putida KT2440_xylAB which was able to metabolize the hemicellulose (HC) sugars, xylose and arabinose, was developed and characterized. Building on this, the intent of the study was to evaluate different lignocellulose hydrolyzates as platform substrates for P. putida KT2440 as a model organism for a bio‐based economy. Firstly, hydrolyzates of different origins were evaluated as potential carbon sources by cultivation experiments and determination of cell growth and sugar consumption. Secondly, the content of major toxic substances in cellulose and HC hydrolyzates was determined and their inhibitory effect on bacterial growth was characterized. Thirdly, fed‐batch bioreactor cultivations with hydrolyzate as the carbon source were characterized and a diauxic‐like growth behavior with regard to different sugars was revealed. In this context, a feeding strategy to overcome the diauxic‐like growth behavior preventing accumulation of sugars is proposed and presented. Results obtained in this study represent a first step and proof‐of‐concept toward establishing lignocellulose hydrolyzates as platform substrates for a bio‐based economy.     

Characterization and action patterns of two beta-1,4-glucanases purified from cellulomonas uda CS1-1

Two beta-1,4-glucanases (DI and DIII fractions) were purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of a cellulolytic bacteria, Cellulomonas sp. CS1-1, which was classified as a novel species belonging to Cellulomonas uda based on chemotaxanomic and phylogenetic analyses. The molecular mass was estimated as 50,000 Da and 52,000 Da for DI and DIII, respectively. Moreover, DIII was identified as a glycoprotein with a pI of 3.8, and DI was identified as a non-glycoprotein with a pI of 5.3. When comparing the ratio of the CMC-saccharifying activity and CMC-liquefying activity, DI exhibited a steep slope, characteristic of an endoglucanase, whereas DIII exhibited a low slope, characteristic of an exoglucanase. The substrate specificity of the purified enzymes revealed that DI efficiently hydrolyzed CMC as well as xylan, whereas DIII exhibited a high activity on microcrystalline celluloses, such as Sigmacells. A comparison of the hydrolysis patterns for pNP-glucosides (DP 2-5) using an HPLC analysis demonstrated that the halosidic bond 3 from the nonreducing end was the preferential cleavage site for DI, whereas bond 2, from which the cellobiose unit is split off, was the preferential cleavage site for DIII. The partial N-terminal amino acid sequences for the purified enzymes were 1Ala-Gly-Ser-Thr-Leu-Gln-Ala-Ala-Ala-Ser-Glu-Ser-Gly-Arg-Tyr15- for DI and 1Ala-Asp-Ser-Asp-Phe-Asn-Leu-Tyr-Val-Ala-Glu-Asn-Ala-Met-Lys15- for DIII. The apparent sequences exhibited high sequence similarities with other bacterial beta-1,4-glucanases as well as beta-1,4-xylanases.     

Enantioselective synthesis of amines via reductive amination with a dehydrogenase mutant from Exigobacterium sibiricum: Substrate scope,co-solvent tolerance and biocatalyst immobilization

In recent years, the reductive amination of ketones in the presence of amine dehydrogenases emerged as an attractive synthetic strategy for the enantioselective preparation of amines starting from ketones, an ammonia source, a reducing reagent and a cofactor, which is recycled in situ by means of a second enzyme. Current challenges in this field consists of providing a broad synthetic platform as well as process development including enzyme immobilization. In this contribution these issues are addressed. Utilizing the amine dehydrogenase EsLeuDH-DM as a mutant of the leucine dehydrogenase from Exigobacterium sibiricum, a range of aryl-substituted ketones were tested as substrates revealing a broad substrate tolerance. Kinetics as well as inhibition effects were also studied and the suitability of this method for synthetic purpose was demonstrated with acetophenone as a model substrate. Even at an elevated substrate concentration of 50?mM, excellent conversion was achieved. In addition, the impact of water-miscible co-solvents was examined, and good activities were found when using DMSO of up to 30% (v/v). Furthermore, a successful immobilization of the EsLeuDH-DM was demonstrated utilizing a hydrophobic support and a support for covalent binding, respectively, as a carrier.     

A quantitative assay for the detection of hepatitis B virus DNA employing a biotin-labeled DNA probe and the avidin-β-galactosidase complex

We have developed a procedure for the quantitation of specific DNA which employs nonradioisotopic probes and β-galactosidase as a detector. The sample DNA was immobilized on a nitrocellulose filter paper. After the filter paper had been processed to hybridization with a biotinylated probe DNA, the paper was incubated with avidin-β-galactosidase complex. The optimum ratio of avidin to biotinylated β-galactosidase for preparation of a complex between the two was determined. The filter paper was punched. Each punched piece was put into a microtiter well and β-galactosidase activity was measured using 4-methylumbelliferyl β-d-galactosidase as a substrate. By this method, we were able to quantify as little as a few picograms of specific DNA. The application of this method for the quantitative assay of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum sample is also described. The sensitivity for the detection of the DNA by our method was practically comparable to that of the conventional radioisotopic method. The validity of our method for detection of the virus DNA was further supported by comparison with the serological data.     

Evaluation of a cervical cancer screening program based on HPV testing and LLETZ excision in a low resource setting

We conducted studies in Vanuatu to evaluate potential screening and treatment strategies to assist with control of cervical cancer. In a pilot study of 496 women, visual inspection and cytology were evaluated as screening tests for detection of CIN 2 or worse (CIN2+), observed in 21 of 206 subjects biopsied on the basis of abnormal visual inspection or cytology. Sensitivity of visual inspection with Lugol's Iodine for detection of CIN2+ on biopsy was 0.63, specificity was 0.32, and the positive predictive value was 0.09. For HSIL cytology, sensitivity was 0.99, specificity was 0.77, and the positive predictive value was 0.88. HSIL cytology was significantly more sensitive and had a significantly higher PPV for CIN 2+ than visual inspection (p<0.01). In a further study of 514 women, we compared testing for HR HPV and cytology as predictors of biopsy proven CIN 2+. Sensitivity of HSIL cytology for CIN2+ as established by loop excision of the cervix was 0.81, specificity was 0.94, and positive predictive value was 0.48. Sensitivity of a positive test for HR HPV for detection of CIN2+ was non-significantly different from cytology at 0.81, specificity was 0.94, and positive predictive value was 0.42. Combining the two tests gave a significantly lower sensitivity of 0.63, a specificity of 0.98, and a positive predictive value of 0.68. For women over 30 in a low resource setting without access to cytology, a single locally conducted test for high risk HPV with effective intervention could reduce cervical cancer risk as effectively as intervention based on cytology conducted in an accredited laboratory.