肺结节病合并Alternaria alternata所致皮肤链格孢病1例

患者,女,61岁,确诊肺结节病、口服糖皮质激素7月,双手背及腕部红色斑块3个月。组织病理示表皮轻度棘层增厚,真皮浅、中层中性粒细胞、淋巴、组织细胞、浆细胞、多核巨细胞混合性浸润,可见散在双轮廓厚壁酵母样结构。六铵银染色见不规则肿胀菌丝及酵母样厚壁孢子。真菌培养见棕/灰褐色菌落,镜下见棕色分隔孢子。ITS区序列分析鉴定为Alternaria alternate。口服伊曲康唑胶囊200 mg/d,联合外用硝酸舍他康唑乳膏2次/d,连续用药4个月后皮损完全消退,随访半年,未见复发。     

天疱疮和大疱性类天疱疮患者口腔念珠菌感染的调查研究

随着医学界对天疱疮和大疱性类天疱疮认识的不断深入,这两种疾病的患者生存期延长,但是广泛应用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂,真菌感染的发病率逐渐增加,特别是口腔念珠菌感染为其中一种最常见的感染。本文对2003年6月~2006年6月期间,沈阳市第七人民医院皮肤科住院的87例天疱疮和133例大疱性类天疱疮患者进行口腔念珠菌检查、随访,旨在了解天疱疮和大疱性类天疱疮患者口腔念珠菌感染的现状及其规律。现将结果报告如下:1资料和方法1.1临床资料87例天疱疮和133例大疱性类天疱疮患者均为沈阳市第七人民医院皮肤科确诊并接受治疗的患者。其中男106例,…     

链格孢霉醇和链格孢霉醇单甲醚产生菌株的筛选

本文对分离自小麦、马铃薯、番茄和茄子上链格孢霉属(Alternaria)2个种(链格孢和茄链格孢)的96个菌株,用枯草杆菌生长抑制试验筛选链格孢霉醇(AOH)和链格孢霉醇单甲醚(AME)的产生菌株,有48株产生毒性作用(占所测菌株的50％)。18株产强、中毒性菌用高效液相色谱分析,有13株产AOH和AME(占所测菌株的72.2％)。链格孢的产毒素菌株率比茄链格孢低。但产毒素含量却是前者明显高于后者。其中产AOH和AME的最高含量,链格孢菌株XA-8分别为280和5140mg/kg,而茄链格孢菌株SA-10分别为95.9和94.3mg/kg。     

中国链格孢属的研究I．

本文报道链格孢属的2个新种：寄生在苦术科(Simaroubaceae)臭椿[Ailanthus altissima(Mill)Swingle]上的臭椿链格孢(Alternaria ailanthi sp nov),寄生在桦术科(Betulaceae)黑桦(Betuladahurica Pall)上的桦术链格孢(A. betulae sp nov.),2个新组合：豆链格孢[A．Azulaae (Hara)comb．Nov],蔷薇生链格孢[A. rosicola(Rao) comb. Nov]和1个新名称红花链格孢(A．Carthami-tinctoriinom nov．)。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述和图。模式标本保藏在山东农业大学植物病理标本室(HSAUP)．     

中国链格孢属的研究I.(英)

本文报道链格孢属的2个新种：寄生在苦木科（Simaroubaceae）臭椿［Ailanthusaltissima（Mill.）Swingle]上的臭椿链格孢（Alternariaailanthispnov）,寄生在桦木科（Betulaceas）黑桦（BetuladahuricaPall.）上的桦木链格孢（A．betalaesp．nov．）,2个新组合：豆链格孢［A．azukiae(Hara)comb.nov.],蔷薇生链格孢[A.rosicola（Rao）comb.nov.]和1个新名称红花链格孢（A．carthami-tinctoriinom．nov）。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述和图。模式标本保藏在山东农业大学植物病理标本室（HSAUP）。     

假格链格孢属一新种

报道丝孢纲假格链格孢属一新种一大戟生假格链格孢(Nimbya euphorbiicola W.Q.Chen et T. Y. Zhana)。对新种作了拉丁文和中文描述。模式标本保藏于西北农业大学真菌标本室(HMUABO)。     

链格孢属一新种

在陕西洛南烟田发现一个链格孢属新种一烟草链格孢（AlternarianicotianaJ.L.Cheng）,该新种与烟草赤星病[A.alternata（Fries）Keissler]的分生孢子形态、大小明显不同,引起的病害症状相近,但前者病斑大,色泽深,有光泽,发病时间早,在烟叶生长中后期发病。新种的模式标本存放在陕西省烟草研究所植保室。     

生于菊科植物上的两个链格孢新种

报道生于菊科植物上的两个链格孢新种:瘤链格孢Alternariatuberculata和莴苣链格孢Alternarialactucae。二者分生孢子隔膜均增厚,但瘤链格孢的分生孢子表面具瘤状突起,莴苣链格孢的分生孢子具长的假喙。模式标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

链格孢霉合并克柔念珠菌所致肺部感染1例

1临床资料患儿,男,10岁,于2009年6月25日入住我院小儿科。9d前无明显诱因出现发热、咳嗽（当日外周血白细胞11．5×10^9／L,中性粒细胞72．4％）,在外院抗感染治疗无效,并伴胸闷、气短、心悸转入我院。入院查体,呼吸音粗,双肺可闻及少许细湿罗音和干罗音,伴少许喘鸣音;胸片可见双肺斑片状影,边界不清,呈“蝴蝶翼”样,     

大疱性类天疱疮IgG型抗基底膜带抗体的靶抗原初步分析

目的　研究大疱性类天疱疮 Ｉｇ Ｇ 型抗基底膜带抗体的靶抗原。方法　应用 Ｄ Ｉ Ｆ与 Ｉ Ｉ Ｆ检测的 Ｉｇ Ｇ型抗体阳性 Ｂ Ｐ 血清进行 Ｗ ｅｓｔｅｒｎ 免疫印迹分析。结果　初步研究发现 Ｉｇ Ｇ 阳性的 Ｂ Ｐ 血清能结合抗原１８０ Ｋ Ｄ,１６０ Ｋ Ｄ 以及 １０５ Ｋ Ｄ 与 ７７ Ｋ Ｄ 的多肽。结论　 Ｉｇ Ｇ 型 Ｂ Ｐ自身抗体可能靶向基底膜带不同层出现的不同抗原并提示该病的发生可能涉及不同的免疫机制。     

Dissecting the sequence specific functions of alternative N-terminal isoforms of mouse bullous pemphigoid antigen 1

Bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPAG1) is a member of the plakin family of proteins that is involved in cross-linking the cytoskeletal elements and attaching them to cell junctions. BPAG1 null mice develop severe degeneration of sensory neurons that was attributed in part due to the absence of a splice variant called BPAG1a that harbors an actin-binding domain at the N-terminus. Additional alternative splicing also results in BPAG1a isoforms with different first exons, leading to three additional types of BPAG1a called isoforms 1, 2 and 3 (or BPAG1a1, BPAG1a2, and BPAG1a3). These unique N-terminal extensions of the BPAG1a isoforms are of variable length. In this study, we characterized these N-terminal isoforms and evaluated the influence of these unique N-terminal sequences to the actin-binding properties. The unique N-terminal region of isoform 1 is very short and was not expected to affect the property of the ABD that followed it. In contrast, transfection studies and mutagenesis analyses signified that the N-terminal sequences of isoform 2 had the ability to bundle actin filaments and the N-terminal region that contained isoform 3 showed cortical localization. Isoforms 1, 2 and 3 also displayed differential tissue expression profiles. Taken together, these data suggested that the unique N-terminal regions of these isoforms have different roles that may be tailored to meet tissue specific functions.     

Probable association of HLA-DR5 with bullous pemphigoid

HLA typing was performed in 35 French Caucasoids with bullous pemphigoid and compared with 160 healthy controls. 47 HLA antigens were characterized by a lymphocytotoxicity micromethod. Analysis of the results only reveals one statistically significant difference: an increased incidence of HLA-DR5, which reaches 51.43% in patients versus 22.42% in controls, with P = 0.0007 and Pc = 0.0329. Several bullous dermatosis are associated with various HLA-DR antigens. These data suggest a direct role of HLA-DR molecules in the constitution of these autoimmune disease. An abnormal expression of DR products on some skin cells membrane would permit the presentation of a non self peptide, accumulated in skin cells, to helper T lymphocytes. An heteroimmunization against the non self peptide could lead to lesion of self cells. This peptide perhaps derives from food protein.     

茄病镰刀菌致皮肤透明丝孢霉病1例

目的报告1例茄病镰刀霉引起的皮肤透明丝孢霉病。方法从患者皮损取材作真菌镜检、培养及组织病理学检查。结果直接镜检及组织病理切片均发现真菌菌丝,3次培养均为同一菌株生长。镜下可见大分生孢子基部细胞短、钝圆,小分生孢子呈假头状着生,可见厚壁孢子。根据以上形态学特征鉴定为茄病镰刀菌。结论对于透明丝孢霉病应早期诊断,并进行体外抗真菌药物的敏感试验,明确并有效控制基础疾病。     

Two new cases of cutaneous alternariosis with a review of the literature

Summary Two cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Alternaria tenuissima in patients affected with primitive myeloproliferative syndrome and lymphocytic lymphoma respectively are reported.Following a review of the specific literature, the authors discuss the etiopathogenic mechanisms, the clinical and histologic aspects of the lesions and the therapeutic problems.     

Studies with a plant fungicide,imazalil, with vapor-phase activity,in the therapy of human alternariosis

The use of a plant fungicide, the imidazole imazalil, in the therapy of human alternariosis is described. The patient's disease involved the palate, nose and sinuses, and had been unresponsive to conventional therapy. Imazalil has been used to treat Alternaria infections of plant materials. The patient's isolate was susceptible in vitro. We also showed that the drug was inhibitory to fungi in vitro as a vapor, not requiring contact by diffusion through agar or broth. The drug was used topically, by installation and irrigation, in this case and administered orally in doses of up to 1 200 mg daily, for 6 months. Peak serum concentrations exceeded 4 meg/ml. The infection was arrested but not cured. The drug was tolerated without evident toxicity, though an unpleasant taste and nausea at high doses were limiting.     

Collagens,collagen-binding heat shock protein 47 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 are induced in cicatricial pemphigoid: possible role(s) in dermal fibrosis

Cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) is an autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease associated with scarring. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is thought to play an important role in fibrogenesis, but its role in skin lesions of cicatricial pemphigoid is not yet known. In the present study, we examined the role of HSP47 in dermal fibrosis in cutaneous lesions of a CP patient. Skin biopsies from a patient with CP, and from normal subjects were studied for the expression of HSP47, and interstitial collagens (type I and type III collagens) by immunohistochemistry. Dermal fibroblasts isolated from skin of normal individuals and from fibrotic skin of a CP patient were used to study the expression of HSP47, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), type I and type III collagens. Compared to the control skin sections, an increased expression of HSP47 was associated with an increased deposition of interstitial collagens in the fibrotic skin section of the CP patient. Similarly, in contrast to control dermal fibroblasts, the fibroblasts isolated and cultured from fibrotic skin of the CP patient, and grown in vitro, exhibited increased expression of HSP47, type I and type III collagens. Furthermore, compared to the normal control fibroblasts, an increased expression of TGF-beta 1 was detected in the dermal fibroblasts isolated from fibrotic skin of the CP patient. When dermal fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of TGF-beta 1 (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 ng/ml for 24 h), it induced the expression of both type I collagen and HSP47, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR. In conclusion, the expression of TGF-beta 1, HSP47, type I collagen and type III collagen was up-regulated in the fibrotic skin of CP patient, and a complex interaction of these molecules may initiate and propagate the fibrotic cascade in the skin of CP patients.