重组别藻蓝蛋白(rAPC)抑瘤活性及其对免疫作用的研究(英文)

目的:观察重组别藻蓝蛋白(rAPC)对接种H22肝癌细胞小鼠的抑瘤活性及其免疫作用。方法:昆明小鼠随机分为5组(10只/组),即模型组、rAPC低、中、高剂量组(25,50,100mg/kg·d)、环磷酰胺组(CY对照组)。建立小鼠肝癌H22移植瘤模型,次日除模型组外,其余4组分别以不同剂量的rAPC、CY灌胃,于15d后处死,完整剥离出肿瘤、胸腺、脾脏,准确称重,计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数和脾指数,并采用放免法(RIA)测定血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平。结果:rAPC低剂量组小鼠H22肿瘤质量增长较模型组缓慢(P<0.05),中、高剂量组较模型组显著缓慢(P<0.01),抑瘤率分别为25.2%、36.7%、43.1%;rAPC各剂量组能升高胸腺指数、脾指数和血清中细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的水平。结论:rAPC可有效抑制H22肝癌的生长,促进小鼠胸腺和脾脏的生长发育,提高小鼠的免疫功能,从而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

重组别藻蓝蛋(rAPC)抑瘤活性及其对免疫作用的研究

目的:观察重组别藻蓝蛋白(rAPC)对接种H22肝癌细胞小鼠的抑瘤活性及其免疫作用.方法:昆明小鼠随机分为5组(10只/组),即模型组、rAPC低、中、高剂量组(25,50,100mg/kg·d)、环磷酰胺组(CY对照组).建立小鼠肝癌1422移植瘤模型,次日除模型组外,其余4组分别以不同剂量的rAPe、CY灌胃,于15d后处死,完整剥离出肿瘤、胸腺、脾脏,准确称重,计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数和脾指数,并采用放免法(PIA)测定血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平.结果:rAPC低剂量组小鼠H22肿瘤质量增长较模型组缓慢(P＜0.05),中、高剂量组较模型组显著缓慢(P＜0.01),抑瘤率分别为25.2%、36.7%、43.1%;rAPC各剂量组能升高胸腺指数、脾指数和血清中细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的水平.结论:rAPC可有效抑制H22肝癌的生长,促进小鼠胸腺和脾脏的生长发育,提高小鼠的免疫功能,从而抑制肿瘤的生长.     

杨树桑黄饮片水提物对免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能的影响

探究桑黄饮片水提物对环磷酰胺所致免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能的影响。本研究以桑黄饮片为原料,采用超声和沸水提取方法得到桑黄饮片水提物,注射环磷酰胺造成小鼠免疫功能低下,通过测定脾脏和胸腺指数、血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子、脾淋巴细胞增殖、碳粒廓清等实验,对免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能进行研究评价。结果表明,灌胃桑黄饮片水提物的小鼠与模型组相比,免疫器官指数、血清中免疫球蛋白含量、细胞因子水平、脾淋巴细胞增殖程度、巨噬细胞的吞噬速率和吞噬指数、小鼠耳肿胀度均有提高,脾脏苏木精-伊红(HE)染色也表明桑黄饮片水提物可以改善环磷酰胺导致的脾脏组织病理状态。本研究表明桑黄饮片水提物对环磷酰胺所致的免疫抑制小鼠具有良好的免疫保护作用,为桑黄饮片扩大临床应用提供实验依据。     

黄精多糖对力竭运动小鼠胸腺胸腺指数、脾脏指数、T淋巴细胞亚群、巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

为了探讨黄精多糖对力竭训练后小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、T淋巴细胞亚群、巨噬细胞功能的影响,本研究以100昆明雄性小鼠,随机分为安静对照组、运动训练组、运动垣低剂量给药组、运动垣中剂量给药组、运动垣高剂量给药组,每组20只,在实验结束前3 d后,每组小鼠随机分为M、N两个组,M组用于胸腺指数、脾脏指数、T淋巴细胞亚群的测试,N组用于巨噬细胞功能的测定。除安静对照组外,其余各组小鼠进行为期20 d,隔天一次的无负重力竭游泳训练,三个给药组小鼠同时按50 g/kg·d、100 g/kg·d、150 g/kg·d三种剂量灌胃。测定各组小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、T淋巴细胞亚群、巨噬细胞功能。结果表明运动后小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数明显下降。运动垣中剂量给药组、运动+高剂量给药组胸腺指数、脾脏指数、CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数显著或及显著高于运动训练组,运动垣低剂量给药组CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8显著高于运动训练组。运动运动垣高剂量给药组腺指数、脾脏指数、CD++3、CD+4、CD+4/CD8、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数显著高于运动垣低剂量给药组。研究提示,黄精多糖可提高长期力竭训练小鼠的免疫能力,具有显著免疫增强效应,其中以高剂量黄精多糖免疫效果最佳。本研究为黄精多糖在运动免疫领域的应用提供新思路。     

人参多糖对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用

目的探讨人参多糖（ginseng polysaccharide,GPS）对化疗药物环磷酰胺（cyclophosphamide,CTX）抗肿瘤的增效减毒作用。方法建立小鼠肝癌H22实体瘤模型,随机分组,设模型对照组（生理盐水）、环磷酰胺组（30 mg/kg）、人参多糖给药组（7.5、15、30 mg/kg剂量组）和联合给药组（GPS 7.5、15、30 mg/kg,CTX 30 mg/kg）;人参多糖尾静脉注射,CTX腹腔给药,连续给药10 d;测定抑瘤率、血液学指标、脾脏系数和胸腺系数,评价人参多糖对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用。结果 GPS、GPS＋CTX各组肿瘤生长明显低于模型对照组（P〈0.01）,GPS中、高剂量＋CTX联合给药组肿瘤生长明显低于CTX组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。GPS高剂量＋CTX组与CTX组相比,体重、脾脏指数和胸腺指数明显升高（P〈0.05）。结论人参多糖对化疗药物环磷酰胺抗小鼠肝癌H22肿瘤具有增效减毒作用。     

中药提取物FAC的抗肿瘤作用及其机制的初步研究

目的:探讨中药提取物FAC对H22肝癌实体瘤的作用及其机制.方法:制备人肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠模型,观察中药提取物FAC对H22肝癌实体瘤的抑制作用及其对荷瘤小鼠免疫器官、存活期、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、淋巴细胞转化功能的影响.结果:小鼠灌服中药提取物FAC10 d后,中、大剂量组抑瘤作用显著,荷瘤小鼠存活期明显延长,反映免疫功能的胸腺指数和脾指数显著增加,巨噬细胞吞噬功能和淋巴细胞转化功能明显增强.结论:中药提取物FAC可抑制人肝癌H22实体瘤的生长,并能提高荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能.提示中药提取物FAC可能通过增强机体免疫功能而发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

刺参酸性粘多糖对H22肝癌小鼠免疫功能的影响(英文)

目的:刺参酸性粘多糖作为一种天然生物活性物质,具有较强抗肿瘤作用。本研究观察刺参酸性粘多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响,以探讨刺参酸性粘多糖的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法:皮下接种H22小鼠肝癌细胞,建立移植瘤小鼠模型。将50只荷瘤小鼠随机分为五组(阴性对照组、氟尿嘧啶组、SJAMP低剂量组、SJAMP中剂量组、SJAMP高剂量组),腹腔注射不同剂量刺参酸性粘多糖,每日一次,连续12天。眼球摘除取血后颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,计算抑瘤率和脏器指数,中性红法测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,CCK-8法测定小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力,ELISA法测定小鼠血清TNF-α水平。结果:SJAMP能够明显抑制肿瘤生长(P0.05);与5-FU组相比,SJAMP干预组脾指数和胸腺指数明显升高(P0.05),腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力和脾脏淋巴细胞增殖功能显著提高(P0.05),TNF-α的血清含量显著减少(P0.05)。结论:刺参酸性粘多糖通过促进免疫器官生长,增强机体的免疫功能,抑制小鼠H22肝癌生长。这为SJAMP的抗肿瘤作用研究提供了试验依据和理论基础。     

黄芪多糖干预环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能

目的探讨黄芪多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用,并建立一套可行的多糖类物质免疫调控指标与评价体系。方法运用黄芪多糖(astragalus polysaccharide,APS)分别处理正常及环磷酰胺(Cytoxan,CTX)致免疫抑制模型小鼠,通过测定其胸腺和脾脏指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数,并对小鼠胸腺和脾脏的组织发育情况进行观察;结合流式细胞术检测了各组小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+和CD8+)百分含量的变化。结果黄芪多糖能显著促进正常小鼠及免疫抑制小鼠的免疫器官增重,增大其脾脏和胸腺器官指数;组织学观察结果也显示黄芪多糖可以促进正常小鼠脾脏和胸腺的组织发育,并能改善CTX所致的小鼠脾脏和胸腺组织发育损伤。黄芪多糖可提高正常小鼠及免疫抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分率及吞噬指数,并可明显提高正常及免疫抑制小鼠外周血血清中CD3+、CD4+和CD4+/CD8+比值,降低CD8+百分含量(P0.05或P0.01)。结论黄芪多糖可提高小鼠机体的免疫机能,并建立了较为全面的多糖类物质免疫调控评价指标。     

发酵灵芝菌粉抑制小鼠肿瘤及对正常小鼠免疫功能影响的研究

研究了发酵灵芝菌粉对接种S-180瘤细胞后的实验小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用、发酵灵芝菌粉对正常的实验小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力以及脾脏自然杀伤细胞活性的影响,结果表明发酵灵芝菌粉对小鼠移植性肿瘤的生长有明显的抑制作用,但对正常小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力以及脾脏自然杀伤细胞的活性无明显的免疫促进作用。     

大豆皂苷对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：观察大豆皂苷（soyasaponins,SS）对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分为模型对照组、环磷酰胺组（CTX）组（20mg／kg）、SS低、中、高剂量组（10、20、30mg／kg）,每组12只。连续给药15天后处死小鼠,测量小鼠免疫器官指数、淋巴细胞转化率（采用MTT法）、溶血空斑数（采用Jeme改良玻片法）、巨噬细胞吞噬功能（采用半体内法）以及NK细胞活性（采用乳酸脱氢酶法）。结果：SS中、高剂量组提高小鼠脾脏指数、脾淋巴细胞转化率、溶血空斑数、巨噬细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数、NK细胞活性,与模型对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。与模型对照组比较,SS各剂量组胸腺指数无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：一定剂量的SS具有增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的作用,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

两种新的抗癌分子

癌症是目前世界上最难征服的疾病之一。最近发现的血管生长抑素（ａｎｇｉｏｓｔａｔｉｎ）和内皮生长抑素（ｅｎｄｏｓｔａｔｉｎ）为人类征服癌症提供了希望。１９９４年,哈佛医学院的Ｆｏｌｋ－ｍａｎ实验室在Ｃｅｌ杂志上报道了一种新的能够抑制血管生长的因子——Ａ...     

Anti-tumor factor in insects' hemolymph

We have purified a lectin from the hemolymph of Sarcophaga peregrina larvae, obtained after injury of their body wall. This lectin recognizes galactose residues and suggested to be involved in the defense mechanism of this insect. We also demonstrated that this lectin induced cytotoxic effects on tumor cells in the presence of murine macrophages. It was found that the murine macrophages had Sarcophaga lectin binding proteins. Using pupal hemocytes and fatbody of this insect, we established an in vitro system that mimics dissociation of the fatbody in vivo. New membrane protein, induced on the surface of the hemocytes at pupation, suggested to participate in the recognition of the fatbody.     

靶向抗肿瘤药物研究进展

肿瘤的分子靶向治疗是癌症的现代治疗手段。相对于传统的化学治疗而言,靶向治疗准确高效,且毒副作用小,应用前景广泛。靶向治疗作用的位点是细胞癌变过程中的基因、受体和信号转导途径中的关键酶,有赖于细胞癌变机制的研究。目前,部分细胞癌变的机制已经研究得较为清晰,相应的靶向抗肿瘤药物也被开发应用。就抗原抗体标靶、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和表观遗传调节剂三个方面,对当前的肿瘤靶向治疗研究和相关药物的开发现状作一综述。     

Anti-tumor immunity in adult T-cell leukemia

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) occurs in a small population of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected individuals. It has been noted that ATL is incidentally associated with mother-to-child infection which occurs mainly through breast-feeding, elevated levels of proviral load, and insufficiency in HTLV-I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Among these, anti-tumor potentials of HTLV-I-specific CTL have been shown in ex vivo analysis of human HTLV-I-infected individuals and also in vivo experiments by using rat models of HTLV-I-infected lymphomas. In another rat model of HTLV-I-infection, orally infected rats showed significantly higher HTLV-I proviral load but lower HTLV-I-specific cellular immune responses than in intraperitoneally infected rats. As a result, persistent viral load was inversely correlated with levels of virus-specific T-cell responses. HTLV-I-specific T-cell responses in orally infected rats recovered by re-immunization. Conversion of Tax-specific T-cell responses from low to high levels was also observed in an ATL patient who obtained complete remission after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These findings suggest that HTLV-I-specific immune unresponsiveness associated with oral HTLV-I infection may be a potential risk factor for development of ATL, allowing expansion of the infected cell reservoir in vivo, and that immunological strategies targeting Tax may potentially reduce the risk of ATL and induce therapeutic effects on ATL.     

Anti-tumor immunotherapy based on dendritic cells

In cancer immunotherapy, the use of dendritic cells (DC) loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAA) emerged as a promising strategy. We initiated 3 pilot clinical trials with immunological endpoints using TAA loaded autologous DC. These trials showed that this approach was safe and associated with the induction of potent TAA specific IFN-gamma responses, which were transient despite the providing a further help through KLH presentation. Subcutaneous (s.c.) IL-2 administration was associated with long-lasting TAA specific IL-5 production. Clinical responses were observed in about 1/3 of the patients. Further improvements will take advantage of the use of a new type of DC cells (IL-3/IFN-beta DC) and of tumor cell-DC hybrids.     

Anti-tumor polysaccharides from mushrooms during storage

The changes in the contents of an anti-tumor polysaccharide from Lentinus edodes (lentinan) and Grifolafrondosa (GGF) during storage were investigated using by an ELISA inhibition assay. When the mushrooms were stored at low temperature, the contents of their anti-tumor polysaccharides show hardly any changes, but their contents decreased markedly at higher temperature (20 degrees C). Moreover, the effect of the extract from Lentinus edodes stored at different temperatures on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NO) productions from macrophages was investigated to confirm the influence to the stimulation of macrophages. Because lentinan stimulates macrophages to augment their antitumor activity. Their productions showed little difference between Lentinus edodes stored at low temperature and the fresh mushroom, although the cytokine production decreased significantly in Lentinus edodes stored at 20d egrees C. These results suggest that low-temperature storage is more effective in maintaining not only the quality of the mushrooms but also the contents of anti-tumor polysaccharides as health-beneficient foods.     

簇生沿丝伞粗多糖的抗肿瘤活性研究

应用传统多糖提取方法从簇生沿丝伞中获得粗多糖,初步纯化后进行了抗癌活性的体外及体内实验。结果表明,簇生沿丝伞中多糖成分具有很好的抗肿瘤活性,对MCF-7细胞体外细胞增殖抑制率达22.4%,体内抗肝癌抑瘤率达33.79%。