东北罂粟属植物的分类

本文对东北罂粟属植物的分类及其中的问题进行了讨论,并提出了一些新的见解,其中主要的是扩大了野罂粟(Papaver nudicaule.L.)(sensu ampl.),基本型分类性状的含义,缩小了应看做是其亚种的黑水罂粟(P.nudicaule L.subsp.amurense N.Busch.的分类性状含义,发现并提出了两个新的变种,即光果野罂粟P.undicaule L.var.glabricarpum P.Y.Fu及毛果黑水罂粟P.nudicaule L.subsp.amurenseN.Busch.var.seticarpum P.Y.Fu,同时提出了包括种下分类群的便于鉴别的东北罂粟属植物分类检索表。     

西藏嵩草属（莎草科）的修订

在标本观察和野外调查的基础上,对西藏的嵩草属Kobresia植物进行了分类学修订,共确认了36种和1亚种。更正了6个类群的学名,它们正确的名称是K. esenbeckii,K. fissiglumis,K. gammiei,K. littledalei,K. myosuroides ssp. bistaminata和K. vaginosa。有13个名称,即K. angusta,K. cercostachys var. capillacea,K. clarkeana,K. curticeps var. gyirongensis,K. deasyi,K. glaucifolia,K. hookeri,K. nudicarpa,K. prainii var. elliptica,K. seticulmis,K. stenocarpa,K. stenocarpa var. simplex和K. williamsii处理为异名,其中K. prainii var. elliptica,K. glaucifolia和K. stenocarpa var. simplex为新异名。发现了西藏分布的一个新记录种密穗嵩草K. handel-mazzettii。还收录了最近发表的假钩状嵩草K. pseuduncinoides和阔鳞嵩草K. woodii。此外,重新编制了西藏嵩草属分种和亚种检索表,并较为详细地登记了各类群在西藏的分布地点。     

台南并脊天牛种团的订正研究(鞘翅目,天牛科,沟胫天牛亚科)(英文)

对Breuning(1956)提出的Glenea fainanensis 种团重新进行了研究,并为G.fainanensis,G.inlineata和G.subregularis指定了选模.两个种的地位得到了订正:G.inlineata Pic star.nov.由种下地位G.fainanensis v.inlineata Pic,1943提升为种级阶元,G.subregularis Pic stat.nov.由种下地位G.internedivisa v.subregularis Pic,1943提升为种级阶元.G.tenuivittata Gressitt,1951被确认为G.subregularis Pic的新异名.编制了上述3个种的检索表、给出了成虫整体彩色照片和外生殖器照片.     

一类周期种群系统的稳定性分析及最优控制问题

本文讨论了一类线性时变周期种群系统的稳定性和最优控制问题.利用Lyapunov函数.对系统的稳定性进行了分析.给出了系统稳定的充分条件.并且利用Banach空间理论,证明了最优收获控制的存在性和唯一性.并且给出了最优控制所满足的必要性条件.     

大齿螳属三新种：螳螂目：花螳螂亚科

本文记述了隶属于螳螂目、花螳螂亚科的大齿螳属 Odontomantis Saussure 1871三新种。1.短翅大齿螳 O.brachyptera sp.nov;2.长翅大齿螳 O.longipennis sp.nov.;3.西藏大齿螳O.rizangensis sp.nov.文中描述了各新种的形态特征并与近似种作了比较。     

中国野牡丹科植物补充订正

报道了中国野牡丹科Melastomataceae尖子木属Oxyspora一新记录种——柑叶尖子木O. curtisii King,并绘制了特征线条图。另基于花序和花特征的不同, 将翅茎异形木Allomorphia eupteroton Guillaumin var. teretipetiolata C. Y. Wu ＆ C. Chen由变种提升为种, 归入尖子木属, 即翅茎尖子木Oxyspora teretipetiolata （C. Y. Wu ＆ C. Chen） W. H. Chen ＆ Y. M. Shui, 并补充描述了其花部特征。通过扫描电镜观察了它们的花粉和种子形态, 为分类处理提供了佐证。     

基因工程

860675分泌素的生产〔专,德」/Konig,W.…了//European Patent. Appl. EP0136472 .Pub .10。 04.85. APPI 。 DE3328793.filed 10.08 .83〔译自CBA-1985,(6),1752〕只翻译了题目。(陈玉梅)8606了6一个经修改的抗生素抗性基因〔专,英〕/Ingolia,T .D.…了European PatentAPPI.EP 0135291。Pub.27.03.85.Appl .US 516222,filed 22.07.83〔译自CBA,1985,(6),1753〕     

中国野青茅属(禾本科)一些种类的修订(Ⅱ)

在标本室研究和野外考察的基础上,对中国野青茅属Deyeuxia的一些种类进行了修订.归并了2个名称,即将Deyeuxia sikangensis Keng并入D. scabrescens (Griseb.) Munro ex Duthie作为异名; 将D. levipes Keng并入D. nivicola Hook. f. 作为异名.确认了D. dispar L. Liou和D. agrostioides L. Liou是两个未合格发表的名称,将前者归并于D. scabrescens,后者归并于D. diffusa Keng.     

广西天等地区晚石炭世-早二叠世含(蜓)地层及化石带

简要地介绍了广西天等地区晚石炭世-早二叠世含(蜒)地层,对(蜒)类动物群进行了较详细的研究,自下而上建立了7个化石带,分别为:1.Montiparus montiparus带;2.Triticites variabilis带;3.Pseudoschwagerina beedei带;4.Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica带;5.Mccloudia ovata带;6.Schwagerina cushmani带;7.Chalaroschwagerina inflata带,并与国内外相关地层进行了对比.讨论了石炭-二叠系界线,提出以Pseudoschwagerina beedei,P.uddeni分子的出现作为二叠系的开始.     

石蝴蝶属(苦苣苔科)第二次校订

一、分类简史 Petrocosmea是由D.Oliver于1887年根据自湖北西部描述的P.sinensis Oliv.(花冠的上唇与下唇近等长)建立的。接着W.B.Hemsley分别于1895年和1899年根据云南东南部的标本描述了三个种,并根据P.iodioides Hemsl.及P.minorHemsl.的花冠下唇远长于上唇的特征建立了新组sect.Anisochilus Hemsl.。W.G.Craib于1919年发表了本属的第一篇校订,记载了当时已描述的15种,其中包括H.     

酶法制备功能性纤维低聚糖的研究

研究里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)Rut C30纤维素酶单一组分EGI、EGII和CBHI降解纤维素的机理及纤维低聚糖酶法制备技术,进而初步研究纤维低聚糖对青春双歧杆菌的增殖作用。以内切葡聚糖酶EGII酶法制备纤维低聚糖,每克纤维素最佳酶用量1 U,最佳酶解时间90 min,制备得到的纤维低聚糖中纤维二糖、纤维三糖和纤维四糖占总糖的比例分别为43.8%、34.8%和7.9%。以纤维二糖、纤维低聚糖为C源增殖青春双歧杆菌,菌体质量浓度增殖倍数分别为2.14、2.84。     

Non-homogeneous Markov process models with informative observations with an application to Alzheimer's disease

Identifying risk factors for transition rates among normal cognition, mildly cognitive impairment, dementia and death in an Alzheimer's disease study is very important. It is known that transition rates among these states are strongly time dependent. While Markov process models are often used to describe these disease progressions, the literature mainly focuses on time homogeneous processes, and limited tools are available for dealing with non-homogeneity. Further, patients may choose when they want to visit the clinics, which creates informative observations. In this paper, we develop methods to deal with non-homogeneous Markov processes through time scale transformation when observation times are pre-planned with some observations missing. Maximum likelihood estimation via the EM algorithm is derived for parameter estimation. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method works well under a variety of situations. An application to the Alzheimer's disease study identifies that there is a significant increase in transition rates as a function of time. Furthermore, our models reveal that the non-ignorable missing mechanism is perhaps reasonable.     

Biodiesel production from high acid value waste frying oil catalyzed by superacid heteropolyacid

Transesterification of waste cooking oil with high acid value and high water contents using heteropolyacid H3PW12O40 x 6H2O (PW12) as catalyst was investigated. The hexahydrate form of PW(12) was found to be the most promising catalyst which exhibited highest ester yield 87% for transesterification of waste cooking oil and ester yield 97% for esterification of long-chain palmitic acid, respectively. The PW12 acid catalyst shows higher activity under the optimized reaction conditions compared with conventional homogeneous catalyst sulfuric acid, and can easily be separated from the products by distillation of the excess methanol and can be reused more times. The most important feature of this catalyst is that the catalytic activity is not affected by the content of free fatty acids (FFAs) and the content of water in the waste cooking oil and the transesterification can occur at a lower temperature (65 degrees C), a lower methanol oil ratio (70:1) and be finished within a shorter time. The results illustrate that PW12 acid is an excellent water-tolerant and environmentally benign acid catalyst for production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil.     

Biomass estimation using satellite remote sensing data—An investigation on possible approaches for natural forest

Vegetation type and its biomass are considered important components affecting biosphere-atmosphere interactions. The measurements of biomass per unit area and productivity have been set as one of the goals for International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). Ground assessment of biomass, however, has been found insufficient to present spatial extent of the biomass. The present study suggests approaches for using satellite remote sensing data for regional biomass mapping in Madhav National Park (MP). The stratified random sampling in the homogeneous vegetation strata mapped using satellite remote sensing has been effectively utilized to extrapolate the sample point biomass observations in the first approach. In the second approach attempt has been to develop empirical models with satellite measured spectral response and biomass. The results indicate that there is significant relationships with spectral responses. These relationships have seasonal dependency in varying phonological conditions. The relationships are strongest in visible bands and middle infrared bands. However, spectral biomass models developed using middle infrared bands would be more reliable as compared to the visible bands as the later spectral regions are less sensitive to atmospheric changes It was observed that brightness and wetness parameters show very strong relationship with the biomass values. Multiple regression equations using brightness and wetness isolates have been used to predict biomass values. The model used has correlation coefficient of 0.77. Per cent error between observed and predicted biomass was 10.5%. The biomass estimated for the entire national park using stratified and spectral response modelling approaches were compared and showed similarity with the difference of only 4.69%. The results indicate that satellite remote sensing data provide capability of biomass estimation     

On the effect of a therapy able to modify both the growth rates in a Gompertz stochastic model

A Gompertz-type diffusion process characterized by the presence of exogenous factors in the drift term is considered. Such a process is able to describe the dynamics of populations in which both the intrinsic rates are modified by means of time-dependent terms. In order to quantify the effect of such terms the evaluation of the relative entropy is made. The first passage time problem through suitable boundaries is studied. Moreover, some simulation results are shown in order to capture the dependence of the involved functions on the parameters. Finally, an application to tumor growth is presented and simulation results are shown.     

血清钠、钾离子的均相直接测定方法研究进展

血清钠离子和钾离子的测定在临床诊断上意义重大,其常规检测方法火焰光度法和离子选择性电极法都需要昂贵的仪器且操作复杂,因此近年来开发了一些均相直接测定方法。本文综述了近年研制出的血清中钠、钾离子的各种均相直接测定方法,评述了各种直接测定方法的优、缺点。血清中钠、钾离子进行均相直接测定有着准确度高、重复性好等优点,可在临床生化自动化分析仪上应用。     

Observation of hyperpositive non-linear effect in catalytic asymmetric organozinc additions to aldehydes

Asymmetric amplification is a phenomenon that is believed to play a key role in the emergence of homochirality in life. In asymmetric catalysis, theoretical and experimental models have been investigated to provide an understanding of how chiral amplification is possible, in particular based on non-linear effects. Interestingly, it has been proposed a quarter century ago that chiral catalysts, when not enantiopure might even be more enantioselective than their enantiopure counterparts. We show here that such hyperpositive non-linear effect in asymmetric catalysis is indeed possible. An in-depth study into the underlying mechanism was carried out, and the scheme we derive differs from the previous proposed models.     

The Effect of Longitudinal Pre-Stretch and Radial Constraint on the Stress Distribution in the Vessel Wall: A New Hypothesis

It is well known that blood vessels shorten axially when excised. This is due to the perivascular tethering constraint by side branches and the existence of pre-stretch of blood vessels at the \textit {in situ} state. Furthermore, vessels are radially constrained to various extents by the surrounding tissues at physiological loading. Our hypothesis is that the axial pre-stretch and radial constraint by the surrounding tissue homogenizes the stress and strain distributions in the vessel wall. A finite element analysis of porcine coronary artery and rabbit thoracic aorta based on measured material properties, geometry, residual strain and physiological loading is used to compute the intramural stresses and strains. We systematically examined the effect of pre-stretch and external radial constraint in both vessels. Our results show that both stretching in the axial direction and compression in the radial direction lead to a more homogeneous strain and stress state in the blood vessel wall. A ``uniform biaxial strain' hypothesis is proposed for the blood vessel wall and the ramifications are discussed.     

Electrophoretic karyotype of the filamentous fungus Penicillium purpurogenum and chromosomal location of several xylanolytic genes

The electrophoretic karyotype of the filamentous fungus Penicillium purpurogenum has been resolved. Using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis, five chromosomal bands were separated, with estimated sizes of 7.1, 5.2, 3.7, 2.9 and 2.3 Mbp, giving a total genome size of 21.2 Mbp. To our knowledge, this is the smallest Penicillium genome determined so far. By Southern blots and using homologous probes, the chromosomal location of five xylanolytic genes from P. purpurogenum was determined: axeI (acetyl xylan esterase I), xynB (endoxylanase B) and abf1 (arabinofuranosidase 1) in chromosome I, xynA (endoxylanase A) in chromosome II, and axeII (acetyl xylan esterase II) in chromosome III. This is the first study where the location of xylanase genes in a Penicillium genome has been established.     

金针菇担孢子核相及遗传属性的研究

以3个不同的金针菇菌株为材料,研究了其担孢子的核相及遗传属性。荧光染色观察显示,担孢子核相以双核为主,双核孢子、单核孢子和无核孢子分别占80.2%、7.5%和12.3%。源于单孢分离物的菌丝为有隔膜、无锁状联合的多核菌丝。在交配试验中,源于不同菌株单孢分离物的菌丝原生质体的配对形成具锁状联合的菌落,而源于同一单孢分离物的菌丝原生质体的配对则形成无锁状联合的菌落,暗示担孢子中的两个核具有相同的交配型。RAPD分析显示,源于同一单孢分离物的菌丝原生质体为10个随机引物所扩增的图谱彼此完全相同,印证了担孢子中的双核是同质的。此外,观察表明,一个担子上着生有4个担孢子。因此,金针菇是一种具4个含同质双核担孢子的四极性蕈菌。