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Zhang Hongxin Wang Guilan Qiao Yongxu Chen Chao 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2021,57(6):954-964
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant - A highly efficient regeneration system of Anthurium andraeanum Linden was established using root segments as explants of four genotypes,... 相似文献
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Maturation and germination of walnut somatic embryos 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Walnut somatic embryos were multiplied by repetitive embryogenesis on a solid basal DKW medium at 25°C in the dark. When the embryos were isolated at early cotyledonary stage (1–2 mm long) from the primary embryos and cultured on the medium for 3 weeks, they developed into mature embryos showing white, enlarged cotyledons and shoot and root apex. After transfer to light on solid germination medium, however, few mature embryos (0–5%) germinated. Germination percentage increased to about 10% when the mature embryos were pretreated by a storage at 4°C in the dark for 2 months, or by desiccation at 25°C in the dark for 3 or 5 days under an air-humidity conditioned by saturated salt solutions (Mg(NO3)2.6H2O, or ZnSO4.7H2O). Similar results were obtained by the addition of gibberellic acid (GA3) to the germination medium. When mature embryos were desiccated and then placed on medical cotton compresses in liquid germination medium, 45% of the embryos germinated into complete plantlets. These plantlets continued their growth after transplanting to a mixture of peat and vermiculite in pots.Abbreviations GA3
gibberellic acid
- DKW medium
Driver & Kuniyuki Walnut medium 相似文献
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S. A. Merkle A. T. Wiecko R. J. Sotak H. E. Sommer 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1990,26(11):1086-1093
Summary Embryogenic suspension cultures of the hardwood forest tree yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) have the potential to produce millions of plantlets. However, low conversion frequencies limit the realization of this potential.
Using 4 embryogenic yellow-poplar lines, we first tested the ability of somatic embryos, selected for their similarity to
mature zygotic embryos, to convert to plantlets, then tested physical and chemical treatments for their effects on promoting
maturation of somatic embryos and subsequent plantlet production. Embryos selected based on resemblance to mature zygotic
embryos and transferred to a hormone-free basal medium without casein hydrolysate (CH) produced plantlets at a frequency of
63%. Populations of synchronized somatic embryos were obtained by repeated fractionation of liquid medium-cultured proembryogenic
masses (PEMs) on stainless steel sieves. These fractionated embryos failed to mature properly when cultured in liquid basal
medium, however. Development of embryos cultured in basal medium supplemented with 5×10−7
M abscisic acid (ABA) was slowed and embryos appeared to mature properly, with separated cotyledons and little precocious germination.
However, ABA-treated embryos only rarely converted to plantlets, possibly due to residual effects of the ABA. PEMs fractionated
on sieves, transferred to filter paper and placed on solidified basal medium gave a 60–70% synchronous population of mature
embryos 10–12 days following plating. Mature embryos transferred to basal medium without CH converted at a frequency of 72%.
The percentage of all embryos differentiating from PEMs on filter paper that formed plantlets was 32%.
This material is based upon work supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research Service under
Agreement No. 85-FSTY-9-0117. 相似文献
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Avocado proembryonic masses from suspension cultures were used to develop a protocol for somatic embryo development and maturation.
Avocado somatic embryos could develop from proembryonic masses both in liquid and on semisolid medium but only the latter
could develop to maturity. Size and number of opaque somatic embryos were affected by gellan gum concentration, with the optimum
response obtained on medium supplemented with 6–7 g l−1 gellan gum. The optimum sucrose concentration for recovery of opaque somatic embryos was 90 g l−1; however, the development of embryos was suppressed at this concentration. Consequently, recovery of cotyledonary, opaque
somatic embryos was achieved on medium with 30 g l−1 sucrose. Somatic embryo development from dedifferentiating proembryonic masses required media with a high ratio of NO
3
−
:NH
4
+
(1:0 and 3:1) as opposed to the standard ratio (2:1) of MS medium. Germination of somatic embryos was sporadic. In order
to increase the frequency of plant recovery, shoots that developed from somatic embryos were micropropagated using standard
protocols.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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红掌花药培养 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了发育时期、基因型、培养基、低温预处理等因素对红掌花药愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明,小孢子中晚期是红掌花药培养的适宜时期;基因型对花药膨大率有显著的影响;不同培养基上的Sweet Dream和Jungle Bush的花药膨大率差异显著;低温预处理明显提高Sweet Dream的花药膨大率.从Sweet Dream花药诱导出致密和疏松两种愈伤组织,两种愈伤组织芽分化率和生根率存在明显差异,致密愈伤组织的小苗生根率为95.00%,而疏松愈伤组织的小苗生根率为30.00%.Sweet Dream的花药再生植株与叶片再生植株在形态特征上有差异,染色体鉴定结果表明,花药再生植株均是二倍体. 相似文献
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以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum)间接器官发生途径中再生出的一株花叶变异植株为原始材料, 进行增殖并对得到的3个叶色变异株系的叶色相关性状进行了初步研究。结果表明: 通过愈伤组织器官发生途径和腋芽增殖途径对这一花叶苗进行增殖, 均分离到3种变异株系, 即花叶苗、黄化苗和天鹅绒绿色叶片苗; 天鹅绒绿色苗叶片中的叶绿素含量比正常离体苗的含量低; 叶片解剖结构表明, 叶绿体在叶肉细胞中的分布与其叶片表现型相同, 天鹅绒绿色叶片与正常叶片在解剖结构上无明显差异。花烛原套只具有1层细胞, 无明显的L2层分生结构, 因此叶肉的薄壁细胞完全由向各个方向分裂的原体细胞发育而来, 这种组织结构导致花叶叶片中含有叶绿体的细胞和不含有叶绿体的薄壁细胞呈不规则分布。这种花叶株系可以作为育种材料或直接作为盆栽花烛进行推广。 相似文献
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Different concentrations of l-glutamine and different nitrogen sources in the medium were compared during maturation of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) somatic embryos. l-glutamine can be used as the sole nitrogen source for the maturation of Picea mariana somatic embryos at 2 to 3 gl-1. A significantly lower number of somatic embryos was obtained on a medium prepared with only inorganic nitrogen. Compared with a medium supplement to inorganic nitrogen resulted in a twofold increase in the number of embryos for six genotypes. The nitrogen source and concentration in the maturation medium significantly affected the germination sensus stricto of somatic embryos (radicle appearance), but not their development into plantlets; at the time of epicotyl appearance, an effect of the nitrogen source was no longer found. A comparison of the development of somatic embryos into plantlets from seven genotypes showed that the genotype had more effect in terms of epicotyl appearance and in conversion rate than the nitrogen source present in the maturation medium.Abbreviations HLM-1
half-Litvays's medium with 10 M 2,4-D and 5 M BA
- i
only inorganic nitrogen in the medium
- i+1 gG
inorganic nitrogen plus 1 g l-1 glutamine in the medium
- SMM
standard maturation medium
- 2.5gG
only 2.5 g l-1 glutamine in the medium 相似文献
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花烛离体培养叶色变异株系的相关性状 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum)间接器官发生途径中再生出的一株花叶变异植株为原始材料,进行增殖并对得到的3个叶色变异株系的叶色相关性状进行了初步研究。结果表明:通过愈伤组织器官发生途径和腋芽增殖途径对这一花叶苗进行增殖,均分离到3种变异株系,即花叶苗、黄化苗和天鹅绒绿色叶片苗;天鹅绒绿色苗叶片中的叶绿素含量比正常离体苗的含量低;叶片解剖结构表明,叶绿体在叶肉细胞中的分布与其叶片表现型相同,天鹅绒绿色叶片与正常叶片在解剖结构上无明显差异。花烛原套只具有1层细胞,无明显的L2层分生结构,因此叶肉的薄壁细胞完全由向各个方向分裂的原体细胞发育而来,这种组织结构导致花叶叶片中含有叶绿体的细胞和不含有叶绿体的薄壁细胞呈不规则分布。这种花叶株系可以作为育种材料或直接作为盆栽花烛进行推广。 相似文献
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R. L. M. PIERIK 《Physiologia plantarum》1976,37(1):80-82
During the last 3 years a method has been developed to reproduce Anthurium andraeanum Lind. through callus cultures. The procedural sequence is as follows: callus induction on excised leaf fragments, callus subculture on solid and in liquid media, adventitious sprout formation in callus on solid media, and rooting of excised sprouts. Recently 20 adult genotypes were propagated by this method. 相似文献
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以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum Lind.)品种Sonate无菌苗为材料,研究了液体培养条件下不同植物生长调节剂、蔗糖浓度、培养方式等因子对腋芽增殖的影响,并比较了Sonate、Valentino和Julanba 3个品种间腋芽增殖的差异。结果表明:在液体振荡培养条件下,以Nitsch BA0.5mgL-1 KT1.0mgL-1 蔗糖30gL-1为Sonate品种适宜的增殖培养基;在20μmolm-2s-1弱光下培养25d后转至40μmolm-2s-1正常光照下培养,对Sonate品种的增殖效果较好,腋芽诱导数平均可达11.1个,腋芽平均长度为1.4cm。花烛腋芽增殖能力在品种间存在差异,但3个品种均可在以上培养基和光照条件下快速增殖,其中以Sonate和Valentino品种的增殖较快。 相似文献
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Maturation of soybean somatic embryos and the transition to plantlet growth 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
The maturation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) somatic embryos was characterized. Maturation was assayed by evaluating the ability of somatic embryos to make the transition to a plantlet through a germination-like process. Somatic embryos were organized from cotyledons of immature soybean embryos. Maturation of somatic embryos occurred on a Murashige-Skoog basal medium supplemented with activated charcoal and 0.28 molar sucrose. After 8 weeks on this medium, somatic embryos exhibited vigorous, high frequency development to plantlets. The “germination” frequency (conversion) of somatic embryos, and plantlet recovery frequency varied concurrently with maturation period. Conversion and plant recovery required no exogenous growth regulators. Desiccation of immature somatic embryos under controlled humidity regimes resulted in increased frequency of conversion of immature somatic embryos. Morphological abnormalities appeared in the somatic embryos, but few were detrimental to conversion velocity. There was little effect of genotype on conversion velocity or frequency. 相似文献
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Somatic embryogenesis was induced in embryogenic calli of Spinacia oleracea L., on a Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium, containing
4.6 μM kinetin as the sole growth regulator. Abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, and indole-3-acetic acid were supplemented to
kinetin-containing medium and their effects on the initiation of somatic embryos was studied. Abscisic acid at a particular
concentration (4 μM) dramatically increased the number of embryos per g fresh weight of callus, while both gibberellic acid
and indole-3-acetic acid suppressed the embryo initiation. It is suggested that the promoting effect of abscisic acid on the
embryo initiation may be explained as a stress response of the tissue. The relative number of globular embryos vs. the embryos
in heart/torpedo and cotyledonary stages was increased at 4 μM abscisic acid and at all gibberellic acid concentrations (0.3–10
μM). In contrast, the ratio of globular to polar embryos was lower than in controls at 1 μM abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic
acid (1 and 10 μM). The effects of growth regulators on the ratio of globular to polar embryos indicate that they interfere
with the normal distribution of cell division and cell expansion during early embryogenesis.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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T. R. Ganapathi L. Srinivas P. Suprasanna V. A. Bapat 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):178-181
Summary Somatic embryos of banana cv. Rasthali (AAB genomic group) were encapsulated in 5% sodium alginate to produce synthetic seeds.
The frequency of germination of ecapsulated embryos varied considerably on different gel matrices and substrates used for
plant development. Maximum conversion frequency of 66% was noted from encapsulated embryos cultured on MS medium. Plantlets
developed from synthetic seeds were successfully trnasferred to soil. 相似文献
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花烛离体培养中的壮苗 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
针对花烛离体培养中普遍存在的长期培养导致再生苗生长势退化的现象,研究了如何恢复再生苗生长势,获得健壮的无菌苗.结果表明,花烛离体培养中,随着继代次数的增加,外源生长调节剂浓度应逐步降低直至0;活性炭对无菌苗生长势的恢复有较显著效果.无菌苗茎尖是离体培养体系重建中诱导愈伤组织最适宜的外植体;诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养基为改良的MS 1.0 mg·L-16-BA 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D;TDZ诱导芽的效果明显优于6-BA,MS 0.01 mg·L-1 TDZ较适合于芽诱导. 相似文献
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K. P. Martin Dominic Joseph Joseph Madasser V. J. Philip 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2003,39(5):500-504
Summary Direct plant regeneration from flowering plant-derived lamina explants of Anthurium andraeanum Hort. cultivars Tinora Red and Senator was established on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Cultivar difference,
stage of source lamina and the position of explant in lamina, medium pH, and type of growth regulators significantly influenced
direct plant regeneration. Explants from young brown lamina were superior to young green lamina. The half-strength MS medium
containing 1.11 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA), 1.14 μM indole-3-acetic acid, and 0.46 μM kinetin at pH 5.5 was most effective for induction of shoot formation. Explants from the proximal end of the source lamina
gave rise to a higher number of shoots compared to the mid and distal regions. Cultivar Tinora Red was more regenerative than
Senator in terms of number of shoots per explant. The use of a lower BA concentration (0.44 μM) was essential for callus-free shoot multiplication during subculture. Regenerated shoots could be induced to form roots
on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.54 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.93 μM kinetin. More than 300 plantlets of each eultivar were harvested from a single source lamina within 200 d of culture. Most
plantlets (95%) survived after acclimation in soil. 相似文献
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TDZ和CPPU对红掌快速繁殖的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以红掌带主脉叶切片、叶柄切段为外植体,研究TDZ和CPPU对其快速繁殖的影响。结果表明,在愈伤组织诱导上,与6-BA相比,TDZ和CPPU具有更强的诱导外植体脱分化活性;TDZ 1.0mg/L和6-BA0.5mg/L配比是诱导红掌外植体脱分化的最佳配方,与其它培养基比较,愈伤组织诱导率提高50.0%~166.0%。在附加TDZ 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.1~0.4mg/L或CPPU 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.1~0.4mg/L的MS培养基上,愈伤组织均能很好分化,并能长成完整植株。 相似文献