Lignans and aporphine alkaloids in bark of Liriodendron tulipifera

Lirionol, a novel tetracyclic lignan, has been isolated from the bark of Liriodendron tulipifera and its structure determined by spectroscopic analysis. In addition, syringic acid methyl ester, (+)-pinoresinol, (+)-syringaresinol, N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)benzamide and O-methyl-N-norlirinine have also been isolated. The structures of lirinine and related compounds isolated from the leaves of this tree-species by Yunusov et al. are also discussed.     

Structure revision of the coumarin,ceylantin

Ceylantin, isolated from Atalantia ceylanica, has been found to be identical with racemosin, isolated from A. racemosa, and the revised 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-pyranocoumarin structure confirmed by nuclear Overhauser experiments.     

Diterpene acids from Helianthus species and their microbiological conversion by Gibberella fujikuroi, mutant B1-41a

The diterpene acid content in 10 species of Helianthus has been investigated. Ent-12,16-cyclokauranoic acid, isolated from H. annuus, is converted into a series of 12,16-cyclogibberellins by cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi, mutant B1-41a, and 12,16-cyclogibberellins A₉, and A₁₂ have been isolated. Ent-12β-acetoxykaurenoic acid and ent-13(S)-angeloxyatisenoic acid have been isolated from H. decapetalus; the metabolism of ent-13(S)-hydroxyatisenoic acid and atisenoic acid by B1-41a is also described.     

N-isobutyl-trans-2-trans-4-eicosadienamide and other alkaloids of fruits of Piper guineense

A novel alkaloid, N-isobutyl-trans-2-trans-4-eicosadienamide, has been isolated from the fruits of Piper guineense and fully characterized. The structure of the compound has been confirmed by an unambiguous synthesis of the tetrahydro derivative. The known alkaloid, δαβ-dihydropiperine has also been isolated and the position of the double bond in this compound confirmed by the use of an NMR shift reagent.     

Neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Ajuga pseudoiva

From the whole plant of Ajuga pseudoiva two epimeric neo-clerodane diterpenoids, 2-acetylivain I and its C-2 epimer 14,15-dihydro-ajugapitin, have been isolated. The structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical means. 2-Acetylivain I had not been previously reported, while its C-2 epimer had been isolated from Ajuga chamaepitys.     

Novel nor-harmal alkaloid from Adhatoda vasica

A novel alkaloid and a galactoside isolated from the roots of Adhatoda vasica have been characterized as 9-acetamido-3,4-dihydropyrido-(3,4-b)-indole and O-ethyl-α-D-galactoside respectively by chemical and spectroscopic methods. In addition sitosterol β-D-glucoside, D-galactose and deoxyvasicinone have also been isolated from the roots of this plant.     

pMG7-mediated restriction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage DNAs is determined by a class II restriction endonuclease.

A class II restriction endonuclease, PaeR7, has been isolated from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain containing the resistance plasmid pMG7. The activity cannot be isolated from an isogenic strain which does not contain this resistance plasmid. EndoR· PaeR7 requires Mg²⁺ for activity but does not require ATP or S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Specific digestion patterns are produced upon agarose gel electrophoresis of substrate DNAs which have been digested with the enzyme. The enzyme is the biochemical basis for the pMG7-mediated phage interference reported by Jacoby and Sutton (1977). DNAs isolated from restricted phages act as substrates for the enzyme while DNAs isolated from unrestricted phages and phages which have been modified by growth on strains containing pMG7 do not act as substrates for the enzyme.     

Neo-clerodane diterpenoids from teucrium lepicephalum and teucrium buxifolium

Three new neo-clerodane diterpenoids, teulepicin, 19-acetylteulepicin and teulepicephin, have been isolated, together with the previously known flavone cirsiliol from the aerial parts of Teucrium lepicephalum. The structures of the diterpenoids were established by chemical and spectroscopic means and by correlation with known substances. In addition, 19-acetylteulepicin and the already known neo-clerodane diterpenoid 19-acetylgnaphalin have been isolated from the species T. buxifolium.     

Alkaloids of some Mexican Zanthoxylum species

Two new 4-quinazolone alkaloids have been isolated from seed husks of Zanthoxylum arborescens. Based on their spectroscopic properties they have been assigned structures, 1-methyl-3-(2′-phenylethyl)-1H,3H-quinazoline-2,4-dione and 1-methyl-3-[2′-(4″-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-1H,3H-quinazoline-2,4-dione. These structural assignments have been confirmed by synthesis. Skimmianine has been obtained from leaf extracts of Z. dimoncillo and Z. caribaeum while skimmianine and scopeletin have been isolated from leaf extracts of Z. fagara.     

Alkaloids of Alstonia lenormandii,a structural revision of 10-methoxycompactinervine

Thirteen alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves and from the stem bark of two varieties of Alstonia lenormandii: variety lenormandii and variety minutifolia from New Caledonia. They are 10,11-dimethoxy-1-methyldeacetylpicraline, its 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxybenzoate and its benzoate, 10,11-dimethoxy-1-methylpicraline, akuam-miline, picraline, lochnericine, 11-methoxyakuammicine, 11-methoxy- and 12-methoxycompactinervine, 12-methoxy-19α,20α-epoxyakuammicine, gentianine and 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxycinnamamide. The compactinervine which is methoxylated at C-12 was previously isolated from A. lanceolata and assigned the structure 10-methoxycompactinervine; this has been revised in the present work by the analysis of high field ¹H and ¹³C NMR. The corresponding epoxide is a novel alkaloid isolated only in the minutifolia variety. Its structure has been established by spectral means and by chemical correlations.     

Complete Amino Acid Sequence of a Subunit from Rapeseed Protein

A subunit of molecular weight 18300 has been separated and isolated from seeds of Brassica campestris L. This subunit was cleaved by using cyanogen bromide, trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease and chymotrypsin; the fragments obtained from enzymatlc and chemical cleavages were separated and isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration. The amino acid analyses were carried out. The complete amino acid sequence of the subunit containing 172 amino acid residues has been established by manual Edman method.     

Iridoids from Viburnum betulifolium

Two iridoid glycosides have been isolated from Viburnum betulifolium. Viburnalloside, the major leaf glycoside, is composed of an iridoid aglucone acylated at C-1 with isovaleric acid and with a di-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl moiety attached through a glycosidic bond to C-11. Decapetaloside (10-hydroxyiridodial glucoside) has been isolated from the bark. The structure and absolute configuration of viburnalloside have been established by spectroscopic means, and those of decapetaloside by chemical correlation with adoxoside.     

Pachyovatamine,a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid,and other alkaloids from Pachygone ovata

A new dibenzo-p-dioxin biphenyl bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, pachyovatamine, has been isolated from an extract of the leaves and stems of Pachygone ovata from Sri Lanka. The alkaloid was characterized by a consideration of its physicochemical data and conversion to O-acetyltiliacorinine. Pachygonamine, N-methylpachygonamine and tiliamosine were also isolated from the same extract.     

Vasicol,a new alkaloid from Adhatoda vasica

A novel alkaloid isolated from the roots of Adhatoda vasica has been characterized as 1,2,3,4,9,11 hexahydro pyrrolo (2,1-b) quinazolin-3,11 diol by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Vasicinone has also been isolated from the roots of this plant.     

Alcaloïdes dihydrofuroquinoleiques de quelques rutaceae: Isolement,structure, proprietes biologiques

Six dihydrofuroquinoline quaternary bases have been isolated from Choisya ternata, Ptelea trifoliata and Ruta graveolens. Their structures have been determined by spectrometry and for some, the absolute configuration is reported. Some of the six isolated alkaloids have a prominent cytotoxic action on plant and animal tumor cells, and an inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria.     

Oxo fatty acid esters from Cryptocoryne spiralis rhizomes

Two new compounds, isolated from the rhizomes of Cryptocoryne spiralis, have been characterized as ethyl 14-oxotetracosanoate and 15-oxoeicosanyl 14-oxoheptadecanoate by spectral data and chemical studies. Hentriacontane and sitosterol have also been isolated and identified.     

ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES OF LIVER CELL NUCLEOLI

1. The significance of the term nucleolus has been discussed. 2. A detailed method for the isolation of nucleoli from already isolated rat or cat liver nuclei has been presented. 3. The presence of DNA in isolated liver cell nucleoli has been indicated by histochemical methods. 4. The percentages of DNA and RNA in the isolated nucleoli have been determined by chemical analysis. 5. The specific activities of aldolase, arginase, and catalase have been determined for two subnuclear fractions and for the isolated nucleoli of rat and cat liver, and the relative amounts of these enzymes in the same subnuclear fractions and nucleoli of rat liver have been measured. 6. The significance of the above findings has been discussed and consideration has been given to what types of isolated nuclei might best serve as starting material for the isolation of nucleoli. 7. A new hypothesis has been presented that nucleoli of the liver cell type may function primarily in furnishing (directly or indirectly) templates for the synthesis of the particular enzymes that must govern the chemistry of mitosis.     

A new C26sterol peroxide from the opisthobranch mollusk Adalaria sp. and the sea pen Virgularia sp.

5,8α-Epidioxy-(22E)-24-nor-5α-cholesta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (8) has been isolated from the sea pen Virgularia sp. and has been observed as a component of a mixture isolated from the opisthobranch mollusk Adalaria sp. The structure of 8 was deduced from spectroscopic data. A further six sterol peroxides isolated from Adalaria and six from Virgularia were tentatively identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis of mixtures.     

Isolation and the structure of deoxopinguisone from the liverwort Ptilidium ciliare

A pure substance has been isolated from the liverwort Ptilidium ciliare of composition C₁₅H₂₂O. On the basis of the correlation of its IR and PMR spectra with those of pinguisone (I), it has been assigned structure of deoxopinguisone (II). This was confirmed by comparison with synthetic deoxopinguisone prepared from authentic pinguisone isolated from Aneura pinguis.     

New bibenzyls from Radula complanata

Two new bibenzyls have been isolated from Radula complanata and their structures have been elucidated by chemical and spectral evidence. In addition to the above two bibenzyls and four known bibenzyls, two new acidic bibenzyls have been isolated as their methyl esters.