人类疱疹病毒6型的分子生物学研究进展

人类疱疹病毒６型（ＨＨＶ－６）是近几年分离到的、对Ｔ淋巴细胞具有高度亲嗜性的双链ＤＮＡ病毒。ＨＨＶ－６现已分为Ａ、Ｂ两型,它们在生长特性、与单克隆抗体的反应性及限制性酶切图谱等方面存在差异。研究表明ＨＨＶ－６与人类多种疾病有关。随着器官移植的发展和ＡＩＤＳ病人的增多,ＨＨＶ－６的感染变得日益重要。本文主要对其分离培养、流行病学、遗传及分子生物学特性作一综述。     

人疱疹病毒6型基因编码蛋白研究进展

人疱疹病毒6 型( HHV-6) 是一类嗜人淋巴细胞的双链DNA 病毒, 属疱疹病毒β亚科。研究推测HHV-6 基因组可编码80 ～100 种蛋白质, 包括膜蛋白、即刻早期( IE) 蛋白、DNA 蛋白、DNA 包装蛋白、病毒装配蛋白等。本文就HHV-6 基因编码蛋白的特性和功能研究进展予以综述。     

人疱疹病毒6型在艾滋病发病中的作用

许多临床和实验研究结果表明人疱疹病毒６型（ＨＨＶ－６）在人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）自然感染过程中起着促进因子的作用。ＨＨＶ－６与ＨＩＶ有着共同的Ｔ细胞嗜性,除此以外,ＨＨＶ－６还能感染杀伤ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ细胞,ＮＫ细胞单核－巨噬细胞,故认为免疫系统潜在影响更大。弄清ＨＨＶ－６在ＨＩＶ感染过程中对免疫系统的损伤作用,将有助于阐明艾滋病发病的复杂机制。     

人类疱疹病毒6型

<正>人类疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)最先是从淋巴细胞增生性疾病患者中分离出来的一种新的疱疹病毒。其抗原性和遗传学特性与疱疹病毒1型,疱疹病毒2型,巨细胞病毒(CMV),水痘一带状疱疹病毒(VZV)及EBV均不相同。后来发现HHV-6是幼儿急疹(ES)的病原体。本文就HHV-6的血清流行病学,从ES患儿中的分离检测,与HHV— 6感染有关的疾病及其病毒学特性等综述如下。     

人疱疹病毒6型的原发感染与中枢神经系统感染

本文主要介绍了人疱疹病毒６型的特征,与幼儿急疹的关系,儿童中ＨＨＶ－６原发感染的情况以及ＨＨＶ－６的中枢神经系统感染,并探讨了ＨＨＶ－６感染的诊断方法。     

人类疱疹病毒6型及其与某些疾病的关系

人类疱疹病毒6型(human herpes virus type 6,HHV-6)是1986年从淋巴增殖异常患者及艾滋病病人外周血单核细胞中,首先分离到的一种具有疱疹病毒形态和嗜淋巴细胞的新病毒。人类感染HHV-6十分普遍,多为隐性感染。可在60%～80%儿童及成人血清中查到HHV-6抗体。HHV-6是婴儿急疹(玫瑰疹)的病原体,并证实与淋巴增殖性疾病、自身免疫病和免疫缺陷病人的感染等有关。随着器官移植的发展和艾滋病病人的增多,HHV-6感染变得日益重要。     

人疱疹病毒—6型（HHV—6）病毒学研究进展

1986年,Salahuddin SZ等从6例淋巴增生性疾病患者的外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)中分离到一种病毒,主要感染人B淋巴细胞,故称为嗜人B淋巴细胞病毒(Human B Lymphotropic Virus,HBLV).随后又有学者从AIDS患者及健康人的PBMCs中也分离到同样病毒,并证明该病毒也能在T细胞、单核细胞、巨噬     

人类疱疹病毒6型基因组的染色体整合及其临床意义

人类疱疹病毒6型(Human herpesvirus 6,HHV-6)是双链DNA病毒,其原发感染引起婴幼儿急疹,潜伏感染后的再激活亦引起多种严重疾患。近来,该病毒特有的潜伏感染形式—病毒基因组的宿主染色体整合(包括机制及临床相关性)被不断报道。HHV-6基因组的末端区域含有端粒重复序列,病毒基因组通过该重复序列整合到宿主细胞染色体中建立潜伏感染。当宿主免疫力受到抑制时,整合于宿主染色体上的病毒基因组会再次活化,引起疾患。本文综述了HHV-6基因组染色体整合的主要机制及临床意义。     

脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型装配中的作用

为了探讨脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)装配中的作用,用HHV-6 GS株感染HSB2细胞,用非离子去污剂Triton X-100提取脂筏成分,利用Western blot分析HHV-6包膜糖蛋白与脂筏的相关性.并用免疫荧光双标记的方法,从分子共定位的角度研究HHV-6糖蛋白B(gB)与GPI(glycosyl-phosphatidyl inosital)锚固蛋白CD59分子以及神经节苷脂GMI(monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside)分子之间的表达与分布关系.结果发现HHV-6包膜糖蛋白B、H、L、Q1和Q2(gB、gH、gL、gQ1和gQ2)分布在脂筏部位.激光共聚焦显微镜可观察到CD59分子及GM1均与HHV-6包膜糖蛋白B有着相同的分布,即脂筏提供HHV-6装配的平台.关于脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型装配中的作用,这是第一次报道.     

Breast Milk Is Not a Significant Source for Early Epstein-Barr Virus or Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection in Infants: A Seroepidemiologic Study in 2 Endemic Areas of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I in Japan

In order to evaluate the possibility of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) transmission via breast milk, a total of 331 serum specimens collected from bottle-fed and breast-fed children and their mothers, in 2 endemic areas of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in Japan, were assayed for antibodies to EBV and HHV-6. The seroprevalences of EBV and HHV-6 were over 95% both in the mothers of bottle-fed children and in those of breast-fed children. The seroprevalence of EBV at 12–23 months of age was 54.5% (36/66) and 55.8% (24/43) in breast-fed children and bottle-fed children, respectively. The seroprevalence of HHV-6 at 12–23 months of age was 90.9% (60/66) and 93.0% (40/43) in breast-fed children and bottle-fed children, respectively. No difference was observed between the seroprevalences of EBV and HHV-6 in breast-fed and bottle-fed children at 12–23 months of age. Our seroepidemiologic data indicate that breast milk is not a significant source of early EBV or HHV-6 infection in infancy.     

人类疱疹病毒7型体外生长特点的研究

研究了人类疱疹病毒７型（ＨＨＶ－７）南京株ＹＹ５在脐血单个核细胞（ＣＢＭＣｓ）及ＳＵＰＴ１细胞株上生长特点。观察病毒感染细胞后不同时间病变效应程度,记数死亡细胞百分率,间接免疫荧光染色记数抗原表达阳性细胞数,并用透射电镜观察病毒感染细胞超微结构变化及病毒复制不同时期的特点。结果发现：ＨＨＶ－７在ＣＢＭＣｓ及ＳＵＰＴ１上出现ＣＰＥ时间迟于ＨＨＶ－６,且ＣＰＥ程度也低于ＨＨＶ－６;ＨＨＶ－７在ＳＵＰＴ     

人类疱疹病毒7型体外生长特点的研究

研究了人类疱疹病毒7型(HHV-7)南京株YY5在脐血单个核细胞(CBMCs)及SUPT1细胞株上生长特点.观察病毒感染细胞后不同时间病变效应程度,记数死亡细胞百分率,间接免疫荧光染色记数抗原表达阳性细胞数,并用透射电镜观察病毒感染细胞超微结构变化及病毒复制不同时期的特点.结果发现:HHV-7在CBMCs及SUPT1上出现CPE时间迟于HHV-6,且CPE程度也低于HHV-6;HHV-7在SUPT1细胞上尽管有CPE及抗原表达,但很难找到成熟的病毒颗粒;电镜下,病毒主要存在于肿胀的病变细胞内,且病毒感染细胞常出现核染色质聚集,核固缩,及胞浆细胞器空泡化,细胞裂解等特点;成熟的HHV-7颗粒直径约170-190 nm,核衣壳约90-100 nm,核衣壳内致密核心约40 nm,核衣壳与包膜之间是丰富的被膜约30-35 nm,包膜上有刺突.HHV-7常发现无核心的病毒颗粒.     

广州地区艾滋病患者中人类疱疹病毒8感染及部分序列的检测

检测广州地区艾滋病患者中人类疱疹病毒8(HHV-8)的感染状况并完成部分序列的测序,从而了解HHV-8感染相关的Kaposi’s肉瘤在本地区艾滋患者中可能的罹患风险,并初步探讨HHV-8在本地区是否存在基因序列的变异。使用n-PCR法检测患者唾液中的HHV-8 DNA,PCR产物经ABI3100系统直接测序。结果显示在广州地区艾滋病患者中唾液HHV-8 DNA阳性率为20.0%,而在作为对照的健康组的阳性率为0.0%,艾滋病患者组与健康对照组间具非常显著性差异;检测的部分碱基序列未发现变异。提示在广州地区的艾滋病患者中存在较高的HHV-8感染。     

Optimisation of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based strategy for the detection and quantification of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may cause severe complications after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Monitoring this virus and providing precise, rapid and early diagnosis of related clinical diseases, constitute essential measures to improve outcomes. A prospective survey on the incidence and clinical features of HHV-6 infections after HSCT has not yet been conducted in Brazilian patients and the impact of this infection on HSCT outcome remains unclear. A rapid test based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been optimised to screen and quantify clinical samples for HHV-6. The detection step was based on reaction with TaqMan^® hydrolysis probes. A set of previously described primers and probes have been tested to evaluate efficiency, sensitivity and reproducibility. The target efficiency range was 91.4% with linearity ranging from 10-10⁶ copies/reaction and a limit of detection of five copies/reaction or 250 copies/mL of plasma. The qPCR assay developed in the present study was simple, rapid and sensitive, allowing the detection of a wide range of HHV-6 loads. In conclusion, this test may be useful as a practical tool to help elucidate the clinical relevance of HHV-6 infection and reactivation in different scenarios and to determine the need for surveillance.     

Pathogenesis and Associated Diseases of Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV)is the primary etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma,primary effusion lymphoma and muticentric Castleman's disease.In common with the other herpesviruses,KSHV exhibits both latent and lytic life cycles,both of which are characterized by distinct gene expression profiles and programs.KSHV encodes proteins which play essential roles in the inhibition of host adaptive and innate immunity,the inhibition of apoptosis,and the regulation of the cell cycle.KSHV also encodes several proteins which have transforming and intrcellular signalling activity.     

Pathogenesis and Associated Diseases of Kaposi＇s Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus

Kaposi＇s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus （KSHV） is the primary,etiological agent of Kaposi＇s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and muticentric Castleman＇s disease. In common with the other herpesviruses, KSHV exhibits both latent and lyric life cycles, both of which are characterized by distinct gene expression profiles and programs. KSHV encodes proteins which play essential roles in the inhibition of host adaptive and innate immunity, the inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of the cell cycle. KSHV also encodes several proteins which have transforming and intrcellular signalling activity.