人类疱疹病毒6型

<正>人类疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)最先是从淋巴细胞增生性疾病患者中分离出来的一种新的疱疹病毒。其抗原性和遗传学特性与疱疹病毒1型,疱疹病毒2型,巨细胞病毒(CMV),水痘一带状疱疹病毒(VZV)及EBV均不相同。后来发现HHV-6是幼儿急疹(ES)的病原体。本文就HHV-6的血清流行病学,从ES患儿中的分离检测,与HHV— 6感染有关的疾病及其病毒学特性等综述如下。     

疱疹病毒科研究进展

疱疹病毒是一类大型双链DNA病毒.至今已发现9种疱疹病毒可感染人类,分别是单纯疱疹病毒1型、2型(HSV-1、2)、带状疱疹病毒(VZV)、EB病毒(EBV)、人巨细胞病毒(HCMV),以及人疱疹病毒(HHV)-6A、HHV-6B、HHV-7、卡波济肉瘤相关病毒(HHV-8)等,它们是已知感染人类的病毒种类数最多的一个病毒科.     

人类疱疹病毒6型及其与某些疾病的关系

人类疱疹病毒6型(human herpes virus type 6,HHV-6)是1986年从淋巴增殖异常患者及艾滋病病人外周血单核细胞中,首先分离到的一种具有疱疹病毒形态和嗜淋巴细胞的新病毒。人类感染HHV-6十分普遍,多为隐性感染。可在60%～80%儿童及成人血清中查到HHV-6抗体。HHV-6是婴儿急疹(玫瑰疹)的病原体,并证实与淋巴增殖性疾病、自身免疫病和免疫缺陷病人的感染等有关。随着器官移植的发展和艾滋病病人的增多,HHV-6感染变得日益重要。     

人疱疹病毒6 型感染与药物超敏综合征

人类疱疹病毒6型(human herpesvirus 6,HHV-6)是1986年由美国癌症中心首先从淋巴增生及获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS)患者外周血单个核细胞中分离得到的一组嗜人淋巴细胞的双链DNA病毒,与人类疱疹病毒7型(human herpesvirus 7,HHV-7)及人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)同属于疱疹病毒B亚科.     

人类疱疹病毒8型与非KS肿瘤的研究进展

人类疱疹病毒8型(Human herpesvirus-8,HHV-8)又名Kaposi肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(Kaposi's sarcoma-associaled herpesvirus,KSHV),属Rhadino病毒或者γ-2疱疹病毒,与γ-1疱疹病毒、EB病毒(EBV)同属人类γ疱疹病毒,是由Chang等在1994年采用代表性差异分析法从一例AIDS-KS患者的病变组织中发现的一种新病毒.随着对HHV-8及其亚型的深入研究,其与非Ks肿瘤的关系也逐渐引起了各国学者的关注.近年来大量研究表明其与非KS肿瘤疾病的关系密切.     

脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型装配中的作用

为了探讨脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)装配中的作用,用HHV-6 GS株感染HSB2细胞,用非离子去污剂Triton X-100提取脂筏成分,利用Western blot分析HHV-6包膜糖蛋白与脂筏的相关性.并用免疫荧光双标记的方法,从分子共定位的角度研究HHV-6糖蛋白B(gB)与GPI(glycosyl-phosphatidyl inosital)锚固蛋白CD59分子以及神经节苷脂GMI(monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside)分子之间的表达与分布关系.结果发现HHV-6包膜糖蛋白B、H、L、Q1和Q2(gB、gH、gL、gQ1和gQ2)分布在脂筏部位.激光共聚焦显微镜可观察到CD59分子及GM1均与HHV-6包膜糖蛋白B有着相同的分布,即脂筏提供HHV-6装配的平台.关于脂筏在人类疱疹病毒6型装配中的作用,这是第一次报道.     

人类8型疱疹病毒的研究进展

人类8型疱疹病毒（human herpesvirus-8,HHV-8）又称卡波氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（Kapo- si's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus,KSHV）,是一种新的肿瘤病毒,目前被认为是卡波氏肉瘤（Kaposi's sarcoma,KS）致病因子,并且与primary effusion lymphoma （PEL）和multicentric Castleman's disease（MCD）相关。该病毒编码许多蛋白,包括潜伏感染相关蛋白,裂解感染相关蛋白和HHV-8特有基因表达蛋白,在KS和HHV-8相关疾病的发病中起到关键作用。     

人疱疹病毒6型基因编码蛋白研究进展

人疱疹病毒6 型( HHV-6) 是一类嗜人淋巴细胞的双链DNA 病毒, 属疱疹病毒β亚科。研究推测HHV-6 基因组可编码80 ～100 种蛋白质, 包括膜蛋白、即刻早期( IE) 蛋白、DNA 蛋白、DNA 包装蛋白、病毒装配蛋白等。本文就HHV-6 基因编码蛋白的特性和功能研究进展予以综述。     

Ampligen~(TM)与艾滋病

HEM制药公司和它的有争议的药物Ampligen~(TM)又一次成为新闻话题.这一次,该药被吹棒为治疗人疱疹病毒6(HHV-6)的可能性药物,这种病毒与艾滋病及慢性疲劳综合症有关联. HHV-6过去叫人B淋巴细胞营养型病毒,能感染携带CD4受体的T淋巴细胞.如果细胞同时受到HHV-6和HIV的侵染,则HIV的繁殖和T细胞的毁坏将加速.这是离体实验的结果.此外,80%的艾滋病患者中以及50%的健康人身上都有HHV-6这一病毒.     

人类疱疹病毒7型感染脐血单个核细胞产生TNF—α

用生物活性法,检测人类疱疹病毒7型Glasgow株和南京地方株YY5及HHV-6GS株感染单个核细胞培养上清中肿瘤坏死因子－α（TNF-α）的水平。结果发现,HHV-7对也能较强地诱生TNF-α,但达到峰值时间（3～4d）迟于HHV-6GS株（2d）;在感染24h上请中,GS株产生TNF-α量明显多于YY5株、Glasgow株产生量（P＜0．05）,三者与未感染单个核细胞比较都存在显著差异（P＜0．05）,但Glasgow珠和YY5株之间无差异（P＞0．05）。结果表明,HHV-6、HHV-7都能通过刺激单个核细胞产生TNF-α而发挥免疫调节功能。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.