睡莲属62个栽培种花朵挥发性成分GC-MS分析北大核心CSCD

为了解睡莲花朵的致香物质,利用气相色谱-质谱法对62个栽培种花朵的挥发性成分进行了研究。结果表明,共检测出72种挥发性成分,以烯烃类(26种)、烷烃类(11种)和醇类(9种)较多,其中花香成分有53种(73.60%)。40个热带睡莲花朵中共检测出56种挥发性成分,其中花香成分39种;22个耐寒睡莲品种花朵共检测出37种挥发性成分,其中花香成分27种。花香成分中主要致香物质有乙酸苄酯、顺式-罗勒烯、苯甲醇、金合欢烯、月桂烯、柠檬烯、苯甲醛、α-异松油稀、α-蒎烯、肉桂醇和β-丁香醇等。利用组内联接余弦的方法,分别根据挥发性成分和花香成分,62个睡莲栽培种(品种)可分成3和4组。这为睡莲香气物质的开发利用及与传粉动物的协同进化研究提供了基础资料。     

不同化学型樟树叶挥发性成分组成的多变量分析

为明确不同化学型樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)叶挥发性成分的异同,以5种不同樟树叶的25个样本为实验材料,采用静态顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用法(SHS-GC-MS)研究了其挥发性成分组成,并运用主成分分析(PCA)、聚类分析(CA)和判别分析(DA)等对不同化学型樟树叶挥发性成分组成进行了多变量分析。研究结果表明,不同化学型樟树叶的挥发性成分共有8种:β-芳樟醇、莰烯、β-愈创木烯、γ-松油烯、α-侧柏烯、2-乙基呋喃、α-石竹烯和大牛儿烯;不同化学型樟树叶的挥发性化合物种类和含量存在显著差异。检测出的平均化合物数量分别为52(异樟)、40(脑樟)、37(油樟)、34(芳樟)和33(龙脑樟)。主成分分析提取了3个主成分因子,累计贡献率达到86.40%。聚类分析和判别分析结果表明,其中的12种挥发性成分能够对5种化学型樟树进行较好的区分,准确率分别为96%和100%。实验结果说明,这12种挥发性成分可以较好地用于樟树化学型分类。     

联用SPME与GC-MS技术分析新鲜、萎蔫、干枯枫杨挥发性成分

运用SPME与GC/MS联用技术从新鲜枫杨叶挥发性物质中共检测出化合物52种,主要成分是橙花叔醇(15.54%)、吉马烯A(14.22%)、反式子丁香烯(10.19%)、7,8,9,10-四氢化-S-三氮唑(3,4-A)-呔嗪(8.59%)、十六酸(6.22%);萎蔫枫杨叶挥发性物质中共检测出化合物32种,主要成分是α-红没药烯(17.69%)、橙花叔醇(16.64%)、反式子丁香烯(14.26%)、α-桉叶烯(9.14%);干枯枫杨叶挥发性物质中共检测出化合物31种,主要成分是反式子丁香烯(23.30%)、α-红没药烯(17.75%)、α-桉叶烯(12.69%)、橙花叔醇(8.35%)、杜松烯(7.O%).随着枫杨萎蔫程度的变化,三者含有的化合物组分以及其相对含量都发生变化.本研究是首次报道枫杨的挥发性化学成分分析.     

七种秋石斛鲜花挥发性成分差异性分析

为查明秋石斛不同品种关键赋香成分,利用固相微萃取(SPME)方法结合GC-MS技术,测定了秋石斛5个具香气的品种,即绿天使(Dendrobium Hand Green)、日出2号(Dendrobium Burana Sunrise No.2)、白花607(Dendrobium K.B.White 607)、紫背256(Dendrobium Blue Sapphine 256)、魅力(Dendrobium Burana Charming)以及2个不具香气的品种,即红牛(Dendrobium Red Bull)、三亚阳光(Dendrobium Sunya Sunshine)盛花期的花朵挥发性成分及其相对含量。结果表明:共鉴定出45种挥发性化合物,其中萜烯类34种、芳香族化合物8种、酯类3种,5种具香气的秋石斛花朵所含挥发性成分绝大部分都是萜烯类,萜烯类对秋石斛的花香起着重要的作用。通过比较发现,5种具香气秋石斛的主要赋香成分为3-蒈烯、芳樟醇、α-可巴烯和α-法尼烯,不同品种挥发性成分的组成和含量明显不同。绿天使和日出2号的主要香气成分是3-蒈烯,相对含量分别为59.343%和77.775%,但日出2号中的释放率约为绿天使的3倍;白花607主要香气成分为3-蒈烯(29.170%)、α-可巴烯(17.660%)、芳樟醇(10.990%);紫背256中α-法尼烯相对含量最高(42.310%);魅力中主要香气成分是α-可巴烯(33.648%),邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(13.866%)为其次。2个不具香气品种中鉴定出化合物较少,主要挥发性成分释放率较小;红牛主要挥发性成分是胡莫柳酯(28.118%),三亚阳光是异丁子香酚(27.529%)。这些主要挥发性成分对不同品种秋石斛花的特有香味起决定性作用,且大部分已被广泛应用于香精香料,医药,日化等产品中。该研究结果为香型秋石斛产品开发及品种的培育提供了参考。     

云锦杜鹃不同花期挥发性成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS检测与主成分分析

为了探究云锦杜鹃的挥发性成分,该研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对云锦杜鹃不同花期中的挥发性成分进行定性定量分析,并通过主成分分析法分析其特征挥发性成分。结果表明:四个花期共检测出50种挥发性成分,共分为苯丙酸类/苯环型、萜烯类、醇类、醛类、烃类和其他类六大类组分。对29种主要挥发性物质进行主成分分析,提取了两个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到88.545%。分析发现,β-月桂烯、β-罗勒烯、可巴烯、异喇叭烯、桉树脑、衣兰烯、(+)-表二环倍半水芹烯、(3R-反式)-4-乙烯基-4-甲基-3-(1-甲基乙烯基)-1-(1-甲基乙基)-环己烯与第1主成分呈高度正相关,第2主成分的贡献率为31.455%,其中丁香酚的影响最大,呈高度负相关,这些物质是影响云锦杜鹃香气的关键性成分。在9种高度相关的物质中,萜烯类物质占了7种。综上认为,萜烯类物质是云锦杜鹃主要特征香气成分。     

四川5个产区松茸挥发性成分比较研究北大核心CSCD

为了解四川各产区鲜松茸挥发性成分的异同,采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GCMS)分析了松茸的挥发性成分,在5个产地松茸子实体中分别确定出30、25、18、16和28个化合物,共计52种。C8类化合物及己醛、苯甲醛、壬醛、右旋萜二烯、肉桂酸甲酯是松茸的主要挥发性成分,也是五个产区松茸子实体中的共有成分,占检测到的挥发性成分含量的70%以上。不同产区松茸挥发性成分种类及含量具有显著差异,各个产区松茸均含有独特的挥发性成分,这导致了松茸香气呈现一定的地域性特征,并且研究发现松茸挥发性成分可能与共生树种及环境具有一定相关性。研究结果可作为鉴定及区分各个产区松茸的化学辅助手段,同时还可为提升松茸品质提供参考。     

基于主成分分析与聚类分析比较研究南沙参挥发性成分

采用固相微萃取(SPME)对南沙参挥发性成分进行萃取,结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对其进行分析;以峰面积归一化法计算各组分的相对百分含量,并采用SPSS 18. 0软件对结果进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,从不同产地南沙参中共分离鉴定出41种化学成分,其主要成分为烷酸、烯酸、醛类和醇类化合物;其中异缬草醛、己醛、α-蒎烯、羊脂醛为5个不同产地南沙参的共有成分,江苏、湖北产的南沙参中含有丰富的萜类化合物;聚类分析结果可将不同产地南沙参划分为5类。本实验建立了南沙参挥发性成分的快速分析方法,获取了不同产地南沙参挥发性成分的特征分布和产地信息鉴别模式。主成分分析法和聚类分析法能有效区分不同产地的南沙参,研究结果可为南沙参药材品种、鉴别比较提供参考依据。     

七种石斛花朵挥发性成分分析

为了解几种石斛属植物鲜花挥发性成分,该文利用固相微萃取(SPME)法结合GC-MS技术分析了7种石斛(含2个品种)花朵挥发性成分及其相对含量。结果表明:(1)从7种石斛(含2个品种)中共鉴定出52种挥发性化合物,包括萜烯类、酯类、芳香族化合物、含氮化合物、烷烃类、醇类和酮类等7类,其中萜烯类总相对含量最高,为83.25%～94.93%,为主要挥发性成分。(2) 7种石斛共同含有(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯和顺式-β-罗勒烯等3种成分,每个品种的相对含量存在差异。其中,顺式-β-罗勒烯在鼓槌石斛、细叶石斛、流苏石斛、翅梗石斛和春石斛‘H1’等5种石斛中的含量均最高,分别达到46.09%、46.40%、39.02%、65.96%和54.34%;(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯在鼓槌石斛、流苏石斛、翅梗石斛、春石斛‘H1’和春石斛‘818’等5种石斛中的相对含量相对较高,分别为34.11%、25.61%、15.26%、21.11%和23.21%; D-柠檬烯在翅萼石斛和翅梗石斛中的含量较高,分别为16.02%和6.86%,而在其他5种石斛中的含量均较低。(3)β-蒎烯在流苏石斛和翅萼石斛中的相对含量高达19.39%和45.95%,桧烯仅在春石斛‘818’中能检测到(12.24%)。这些含量较高的成分可能为主要的香气成分或特征性香气成分。综上结果认为,7种石斛花朵挥发性成分既含有相同的成分也含有不同成分,且含量随种类的不同而不同。这些结果可为研究石斛属植物花香代谢以及产品开发等提供参考价值。     

基于HS-SPME-GC-MS法测定酸橙不同时期及不同部位的挥发性成分CSCD

本文主要是通过不同时期酸橙果实中的挥发性成分测定和定性定量分析,获得其主要挥发性成分的变化趋势。在此基础上再选取关键时期对酸橙不同部位挥发性成分进行检测分析和趋势验证。研究方法主要是采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)测定酸橙样品中挥发性成分,通过比对标准品、NIST谱库检索、结合文献对其挥发性成分进行鉴定,并用峰面积归一法测定和比对各组分的相对含量。结果显示,在酸橙果实中共初步鉴定出69种成分,通过对比标准品溶液确定了D-柠檬烯、γ-松油烯、芳樟醇三种成分,其中6月17日与7月1日样品的三者总含量相对较高(38.03%、33.95%)。我们选取7月1日酸橙不同部位样品进行检测分析,共鉴定出64种不同化合物,不同部位之间挥发性成分的组成差异较大。其中根部位共鉴定34种,主要成分为榄香醇(38.24%)、反式-α-香柑油烯(23.85%)等;茎部位共鉴定30种,主要成分为榄香醇(23.98%)、百里酚(17.29%)、反式-α-香柑油烯(13.74%)、芳樟醇(8.92%)等;叶部位鉴定41种,主要成分为芳樟醇(24.51%)、百里酚(23.49%)、榄香醇(10.35%)等;分析不同时期酸橙果实挥发性成分发现,D-柠檬烯等三种化合物的相对含量随着生长期呈现“先逐渐上升后逐渐下降”的趋势;酸橙茎、叶中挥发性成分组成丰富,芳樟醇等单萜类成分相对含量较高。本实验为酸橙果实挥发性成分及非药用部位的综合利用提供了数据和技术参考。     

细茎石斛花朵挥发性成分分析

为了探究细茎石斛花朵释放的挥发性成分特点,该研究利用固相微萃取(SPME)法结合GC-MS技术,检测了花色为黄绿的细茎石斛花朵不同花期、不同部位的挥发性成分和相对含量,还比较了黄绿色、白色和白色带淡紫色等三种花色的挥发性成分。结果表明:花色黄绿的细茎石斛花朵挥发性化合物成分总计为59种,其中盛花期最复杂(含有41种),这些成分归属于烯类、芳香族化合物、含氮化合物、酯类、醇类和醛酮类。在不同花期检测到的挥发性成分中,(1R)-(+)-α蒎烯相对含量始终最高,保持在27%以上;始花期和盛花期释放且相对含量较高的成分有顺-芳樟醇氧化物、β-水芹烯、柠檬烯、罗勒烯、(1S-cis)-4,7-二甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)-1,2,3,5,6,8α-六氢萘和乙酸芳樟酯,相对含量均高于5%;衣兰烯于花蕾期相对含量最高,衰落期消失。这8种化合物可能是细茎石斛花香释放的主要香气成分或特征成分。在花色黄绿的细茎石斛盛开期的两个开花部位中,花瓣的挥发性成分有27种,蕊柱17种,其中烯类物质分别占74.16%和79.06%,花瓣可能是细茎石斛主要的释香部位。三个花色的细茎石斛盛花期挥发性化合物均在40种左右,既有成分的差异又有含量的差别,其中有25种为共同含有,三个花色均是(1R)-(+)-α蒎烯相对含量最高,含量在27%左右。这表明烯类物质是影响细茎石斛花香的重要化合物,不仅对细茎石斛产品开发提供了参考,而且还为其花香基因工程育种奠定了基础。     

食用牛肝菌不同部位紫外指纹图谱鉴别分析

采用紫外光谱技术结合主成分分析法,建立快速鉴别牛肝菌的不同部位及不同种类、产地的方法。通过单因素实验确定提取牛肝菌特征成分的最佳条件,制备测试液并进行紫外光谱测定。结果表明,牛肝菌样品的重现性、精密度和10h内稳定性的RSD（%）分别在0.09–1.81、0.11–1.92、0.06–2.33之间;牛肝菌不同部位紫外指纹图谱具有明显的指纹特性;主成分分析（PCA）表明菌盖和菌柄前3个主成分累积贡献率分别为94.797%和92.961%,能够反映样品的主要信息;SIMCA软件分析显示牛肝菌菌盖和菌柄化学成分积累不同。根据牛肝菌不同部位紫外光谱信息和主成分分析能区分同一牛肝菌的不同部位,鉴别不同种类、不同产地的食用牛肝菌。     

Correlation analysis between genetic and chemical differences of Nardostachys jatamansi from different habitats in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,China

In the traditional Tibetan medicinal system, the medicinal parts of Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. include the dried roots and rhizomes, which is effective in treating various diseases. In this study, molecular evolutionary analysis based on three markers (i.e., ITS, matK and rbcL), and principal component analysis (PCA) combined with ¹H NMR measurements were used to assess the genetic and chemical differences of the N. jatamansi from different habitats in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. The results showed that the ITS marker was highly effective to identify the intraspecific variation of N. jatamansi. Furthermore, the results of the chemical analysis indicated that the nardosinone and sucrose, as the metabolite landmarks, can distinguish the different habitats of N. jatamansi in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. Moreover, combining the chemical analysis with phylogenetic analysis, the results indicated that the metabolites differences may be affected not only by genetic structures but also by environmental factors. These findings provide valuable references for the effective protection and exploitation of N. jatamansi resources.     

气质联用结合多变量分析研究蜂蜜的挥发性成分

为探究不同蜜源蜂蜜中的挥发性标记物并籍以对这些蜂蜜进行有效区分,本研究优化了静态顶空气相色谱-质谱联用技术(SHS-GC-MS)检测蜂蜜中挥发性化合物的方法,采用此方法分析了油菜蜜、椴树蜜、荆条蜜和洋槐蜜等4种蜂蜜总计38份样品的挥发性成分,并结合主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(CA)等对蜂蜜进行区分。研究结果表明,采用SHS-GC-MS共检测到23种化合物。4种蜂蜜的挥发性成分在物质种类或含量上存在明显差异,其中3-苯丙酸乙酯可作为油菜蜜的典型挥发性代谢物质;1-异丙烯基-3-甲基苯和反式玫瑰醚可作为椴树蜜的典型挥发性代谢物质;在荆条蜜和洋槐蜜中均未发现典型挥发性代谢物质。PCA可以将4种蜂蜜进行很好地区分,PC1、PC2和PC3累计贡献率达到77.3%,表明模型有效;当临界值取10时,CA可以将同种蜂蜜聚为一类。SHS-GC-MS检测的蜂蜜挥发性成分结果结合多变量分析,可用于区分不同蜜源蜂蜜。研究结果为蜂蜜溯源和鉴别提供了理论依据。     

赤芍和白芍新鲜花瓣正己烷提取成分GC-MS分析

目的:赤芍和白芍新鲜花瓣正己烷提取成分比较分析。方法:正己烷浸出法提取新鲜花瓣挥发性物质,GC-MS分析、鉴定其化学成分。结果:从赤芍新鲜花瓣挥发性物质中鉴定出33种化学成分;白芍新鲜花瓣挥发性物质中鉴定出35种化学成分。二者中的主要成分为棕榈酸,二十三烷,二十五烷,二十七烷,二十九烷等。赤芍花瓣含有更多小分子芳香类成分,如苯乙醇、法尼醇类等;白芍缺少这些成分,其芳香类成分有β-沉香醇、反式-橙花椒醇等。结论:赤芍(野生芍药)与白芍(栽培芍药)花瓣芳香气成分有差异。     

Volatile constituents of four Inula species of Bulgarian origin

In this study the volatile components of four Inula species (Inula germanica L., I. bifrons (L.) L., I. ensifolia L., and I. salicina L.) were analysed by GC-FID/MS. A total of 141 chemical compounds were identified. A distinct volatile chemical profiles with high variation in the type of compounds was observed. Inula germanica was rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (54.7%), with cis-carvyl acetate (20.7%) and 1,8-cineole (14.6%) as main components. Sesquiterpenoids dominated in I. bifrons (60.3%), while the relatively high percentage of fatty acids characterized the other two species I. ensifolia and I. salicina (44.1 and 39.8%, respectively). Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to investigate the variations in the volatiles of different Inula species.     

Chemical variations of the essential oils in flower heads of Chrysanthemum indicum L. from China

The volatile compositions of hydrodistilled essential oils in the flower heads of Chrysanthemum indicum L. from eight populations in China were analyzed by GC/MS. A total of 169 compounds representing 88.79-99.53% of the oils were identified, and some remarkable differences were found in the constituent percentages of the eight populations. The predominant components of the essential oils were 1,8-cineole (0.62-7.34%), (+)-(1R,4R)-camphor (0.17-27.56%), caryophyllene oxide (0.54-5.8%), β-phellandrene (0.72-1.87%), (-)-(1S,2R,4S)-borneol acetate (0.33-8.46%), 2-methyl-6-(p-tolyl)hept-2-ene (0.3-8.6%), 4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-yl acetate (0.17-26.48%), and hexadecanoic acid (0.72-15.97%). The chemotaxonomic value of the essential-oil compositions was discussed according to the results of cluster analysis (CA) and principal-component analysis (PCA). The eight populations were divided into five groups as different chemotypes (Groups A-E), and the scores together with the loadings revealed clearly different chemical properties of each population. In conclusion, GC/MS in combination with chemometric techniques provided a flexible and reliable method for characterizing the essential oils of different populations of C. indicum L.     

Chemodiversity of Volatile Oils in Thapsia garganica L. (Apiaceae)

The chemical composition of the volatile oils obtained from the roots, leaves, flowers, and stems of Thapsia garganica of Tunisian origin was investigated by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant in the oils of all plant parts. Bicyclogermacrene (21.59–35.09%) was the main component in the former compound class, whereas geranial (3.31–14.84%) and linalool (0.81–10.9%) were the most prominent ones in the latter compound class. Principal‐component (PCA) and hierarchical‐cluster (HCA) analyses revealed some common constituents, but also significant variability amongst the oils of the different plant parts. This organ‐specific oil composition was discussed in relation to their biological and ecological functions. For the evaluation of the intraspecific chemical variability in T. garganica, the composition of the flower volatile oils from four wild populations was investigated. Bicyclogermacrene, linalool, and geranial were predominant in the oils of three populations, whereas epicubenol, β‐sesquiphellandrene, and cadina‐1,4‐diene were the most prominent components of the oil of one population. PCA and HCA allowed the separation of the flower oils into three distinct groups, however, no relationship was found between the volatile‐oil composition and the geographical distribution and pedoclimatic conditions of the studied populations.     

Study on the Main Components Interaction from Flos Lonicerae and Fructus Forsythiae and Their Dissolution In Vitro and Intestinal Absorption in Rats

The Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythiae herb couple is the basic components of Chinese herbal preparations (Shuang-Huang-Lian tablet, Yin-Qiao-Jie-Du tablet and Fufang Qin-Lan oral liquid), and its pharmacological effects were significantly higher than that in Flos Lonicerae or Fructus Forsythiae, but the reasons remained unknown. In the present study, pattern recognition analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA)) combined with UHPLC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap MS system were performed to study the chemical constitution difference between co-decoction and mixed decoction in the term of chemistry. Besides, the pharmacokinetics in vivo and intestinal absorption in vitro combined with pattern recognition analysis were used to reveal the discrepancy between herb couple and single herbs in the view of biology. The observation from the chemical view in vitro showed that there was significant difference in quantity between co-decoction and mixed decoction by HCA, and the exposure level of isoforsythoside and 3, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in co-decoction, higher than that in mixed decoction, directly resulted in the discrepancy between co-decoction and mixed decoction using both PCA and HCA. The observation from the pharmacokinetics displayed that the exposure level in vivo of neochlorogenic acid, 3, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isoforsythoside and forsythoside A, higher than that in single herbs, was the main factor contributing to the difference by both PCA and HCA, interestingly consistent with the results obtained from Caco-2 cells in vitro, which indicated that it was because of intestinal absorption improvement of neochlorogenic acid, 3, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isoforsythoside and forsythoside A that resulted in a better efficacy of herb couple than that of single herbs from the perspective of biology. The results above illustrated that caffeic acid derivatives in Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythiae herb couple could be considered as chemical markers for quality control of its preparations.     

广东鸟屎榄果实挥发性成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析

采用顶空固相微萃取–气相色谱–质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析鸟屎榄(Canarium pimela)果实的挥发性成分,并通过面积归一法计算各成分的相对含量。结果显示,从鸟屎榄中鉴定出48种挥发性成分,占挥发性成分总量的93.30%,主要有α-蒎烯(30.17%)、对伞花烃(11.84%)、α-水芹烯(8.72%)和β-石竹烯(8.02%)等。对挥发性成分的香味物质分析发现,该果实共涵盖22种香型,其中松柏香、柑橘香和木香等香味载荷大,是构成鸟屎榄果实的主要香韵。     

同质园栽培下的湖南鱼腥草居群叶表型性状多样性分析

将采自湖南的20个鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)居群栽培于同质园内,通过测定9个叶片表型性状和6个叶片相对性状,采用方差分析、变异系数、相关性分析、主成分分析以及聚类分析等方法,对鱼腥草居群叶片形态的变异特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)同质园栽培的20个鱼腥草居群叶片15个表型性状均存在显著差异,居群间差异大于居群内差异;(2)居群内叶性状的平均变异系数变化幅度为5.63%~9.08%,说明居群内多样性程度较低,其中株洲攸县居群(P16)变异系数最高(9.08%),怀化溆浦居群(P3)变异系数最小(5.63%);(3)15个叶性状的平均变异系数变化幅度为3.71%~10.28%,说明各性状的多样性程度也较低,其中叶面积变异系数最大(10.28%),叶宽与叶中部宽之比(W_2/W_4)的变异系数最小(3.71%);(4)相关性分析显示,叶面积与叶宽、叶中部宽、叶长、叶基至叶宽处的距离、叶柄长都呈现出显著正相关,与叶尖夹角呈显著负相关,而与叶基夹角关系不大;(5)叶片15个性状中前3个主成分的贡献率为83.66%,聚类分析可将20个居群划分为心形、小心形、狭心形和大心形4类,呈现出间断分布的地理格局;(6)同质园实验说明叶表型性状多样性主要是由遗传物质决定的,对其多样性分析能为优良种质资源的选育提供理论依据。