膀胱果种子离体萌发与植株再生

以膀胱果种子为外植体,通过对基本培养基、生长调节剂配比及移栽基质的筛选,初步建立其离体培养再生体系。结果表明,MS培养基是较适合膀胱果种子萌芽和幼苗生长的基本培养基;诱导下胚轴脱分化成愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为MS + 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L;顶芽增殖培养的最佳培养基为MS + KT 2.0 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L;芽苗生根的最佳培养基为1/2MS + NAA 1.0 mg/L;以泥炭土作为移栽基质,成活率达70%,且幼苗生长健壮。     

西藏虎头兰高效植株再生体系的研究

为建立西藏虎头兰(Cymbidium tracyanum)的高效快速繁殖体系,该研究以野生西藏虎头兰种子为外植体,通过分析不同基本培养基和植物激素配比对原球茎诱导、增殖和分化的影响,以及光照时间和培养温度对试管苗生长的影响,筛选出适宜西藏虎头兰植株高效再生的条件。结果表明:适宜西藏虎头兰生长的基本培养基为1/2 MS;种子萌发和原球茎诱导的最适培养基为1/2 MS+1.0 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0. 5 mg·L~(-1)NAA,培养50 d后,有95.00%的种子发育成原球茎;原球茎增殖的最适培养基为1/2 MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)NAA,培养30 d,增殖倍数为4.25;原球茎的最适分化培养基为1/2 MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)NAA+60 g·L~(-1)土豆泥+0.5g·L~(-1)活性炭,培养10 d,不定芽发生率为98.33%,培养40 d,幼苗生根率为94.67%;试管苗在温度20℃、光照时间12 h·d~(-1)、光照强度2 000 lx的条件下培养,苗长势好,叶片生理性焦尖发生率仅为3.33%;以腐殖土作为栽培基质,试管苗的移栽成活率为97.78%。该研究结果为保护西藏虎头兰野生资源和工厂化育苗提供了科学依据和技术支持。     

金线兰种子萌发及其原球茎的增殖培养

研究了影响金线兰种子非共生萌发的因素,并应用正交试验研究基本培养基、6-BA、ZT、NAA四种因素对原球茎增殖的作用。结果表明:授粉类型对金线兰种子非共生萌发影响较大,异株异花、同株异花以及同株同花授粉所得的种子的萌发率分别为78.53%、69.62%、39.87%;蒴果成熟度以生长150d为宜,采收后萌发率可达78.59%;冷藏影响种子的活力,种子的萌发率随冷藏时间的延长而降低;使用次氯酸钠浸泡后的种子与对照相比,其萌发率无明显差异;NAA对原球茎增殖作用显著,适宜于原球茎增殖的培养基为1/2MS+ZT0.5mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L。     

鹤顶兰种子萌发及原球茎增殖培养研究

以鹤顶兰成熟蒴果的种子为实验材料,研究影响种子非共生萌发的因素和种胚发育途径,并采用正交设计研究了原球茎增殖的影响因素。结果表明:冷藏影响种子的活力且其萌发率随冷藏时间延长而降低;0.5%NaClO溶液浸泡种子可提高萌发率,缩短初始萌发时间;种胚发育途径为种胚转绿后从种子侧面突破种皮而形成原球茎,随后分化出具根芽结构的完整植株;6-BA对原球茎增殖作用显著,原球茎增殖的最适培养基为1/2MS+3.0mg/L6-BA+1.0mg/L KT+1.0mg/L NAA,增殖倍数为6.67。     

春兰离体培养及植株再生(简报)

以春兰茎尖、腋芽为外植体,接种在1/2MS 6-BA 5.0mg/L NAA 0.5mg/L培养基上形成根状茎,根状茎在1/2MS 6-BA 0.2mg/L NAA 2.0mg/L 香蕉泥100g/L培养基上可大量增殖,并伸长生长形成丛生型根状茎;根状茎在MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L培养基上可分化成小苗,分化率达30.6%;小苗在1/2MS IBA 2.0mg/L 香蕉泥150g/L培养基上可生根壮苗,生根率达100%。     

花烛苞片离体培养及植株再生(简报)

以花烛苞片为外植体进行离体再生体系研究,结果表明,改良Nitsch BA 1.0mg/L 2,4-D 0.4mg/L 蔗糖20g/L 椰汁15%(V/V)为适宜愈伤组织诱导培养基;改良Nitsch BA 0.25mg/L KT0.1mg/L 蔗糖20g/L 椰汁15%(V/V)为适宜不定芽分化培养基;适宜生根壮苗培养基:改良Nitsch BA 0.25mg/L IBA0.2mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 活性炭2g/L。愈伤组织诱导培养2个月后转入不定芽诱导培养基中,2个月后不定芽陆续发出。     

红龙利离体培养的植株再生研究(简报)

PLANTREGENERATIONFROMINFITROCULTUREOFPHLLODENDRONERUBESCENSZhangPeng;HuangXiangli;XuXinlan;LingDinghou(SouthChinaInstituteofBotany.AcademiaSinica,Guangzhou510650)(SortthChinaBotanicalGarden,AcademiaSinica.Guangzhou510520)红龙利是华南地区新引进的名贵热带观叶植物,属天南星科,喜林芋属。其株体茎攀援,茎叶呈紫红色,叶片正面具光泽,为适于室内栽培的优良观叶花卉。红龙利采用常规分株繁殖,因此存在繁殖速度慢、系数低等问题。植物组织培养技术在促进园艺植物事业的发展上取得了引…     

五唇兰种子离体培养的研究

授粉90d的五唇兰种子95%具球形胚,无菌条件下播种于培养基3个月后种子最高萌发率达到 90%。ABA和高浓度的NH4NO3抑制种子的萌发。NAA和BA促进种子的萌发,最适浓度为BA0.2mg· L 1+NAA0.5mg·L 1。400mg·L 1的谷氨酰胺可促进原球茎生长。2000mg·L 1的蛋白胨促进原球茎发 育成苗。     

弥勒苣苔种子的休眠萌发特性

弥勒苣苔为中国特有的濒危植物,一度被认为灭绝后又被重新发现,引起了学界及公众的广泛关注.种子库是保护珍稀濒危物种的一种有效手段,对物种开展种子保存需要较为深入的了解其种子休眠及萌发特性;但对于弥勒苣苔,现有资料十分有限,本研究系统地探讨了弥勒苣苔种子的休眠状态及萌发习性.在对其种子进行X光透视后,发现其种子的胚发育完全,且基本充满整个种子,因此认为该种子不具有形态休眠.在多个变温及恒温条件下对新鲜种子进行萌发测试,发现在较高温度(高于20℃)下萌发率很高且萌发迅速,赤霉素及低温层积处理能够显著提高种子在较低温度下(低于20℃)的萌发率,因此可以判定其种子存在浅的生理休眠.种子在恒温下的萌发率比相应的变温下萌发率要高,可能是其对所处荫蔽环境的一种适应.硝酸钾对种子萌发有显著的促进作用,在野外环境下,硝酸钾有对生境空窗及较少竞争的指示作用.     

山椒子离体植株再生

1植物名称山椒子（Uvaria grandiflora Roxb.）。 2材料类别 下胚轴、茎段。 3培养条件 （1）种子萌发培养基：1/2MS;（2）不定芽诱导培养基：MS＋BA2.0mg·L-1（单位下同）＋NAA0.1;（3）增殖培养基：MS＋BA1.0＋NAA0.1;     

In Vitro Morphogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration from Seeds of Syzygium Alternifolium

This work describes in vitro morphogenesis and plantlet regeneration from seeds of the naturally polyembryonic tree Syzgium alternifolium. The basal medium (BM) comprised half strength Murashige and Skoog's (MS) salts, B₅ vitamins, 2 mg dm^-3 glycine, 250 mg dm^-3 ascorbic acid and 20 g dm^-3 sucrose. Addition of auxins like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthalene acetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to the basal medium induced formation of roots or callus from the dicotyledonous as well as tricotyledonous seeds. In contrast, cytokinins like N⁶-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin, 2-isopentenyl adenine, thidiazuron alone or a combination of BA and auxins induced development of adventitious shoots. The medium containing 3.0 mg dm^-3 BA and 0.5 mg dm^-3 IAA induced the highest number of adventitious shoots (32 – 33) from dicotyledonous seed with an average length of 4.1 cm within 6 weeks of incubation. Rooting of 80 % adventitious shoots was achieved by dipping the shoots in 100 mg dm^-3 IAA for 15 min. About 70 % of the rooted shoots were successfully established in pots after hardening. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Organogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration in Vitro of Populus euphratica

The research of organogenesis and in vitro plantlet regeneration of Populus euphratica Oliver was carried out using the tender shoots from mature tree as initial explants and MS medium as the basic medium. The effects of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the regeneration were compared. The results showed that the concentration of PGR was not strictly required for the organogenesis of the excised organs and callus, but the ratio of BA to NAA was important. Calli could be induced from the excised leaves and stems cultured on the medium with 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. The embryonic callus could be multiplied in dark on the medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. For the adventitious bud regeneration of the leaf and callus, supplement with 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA was appropriate, giving a regeneration frequency of 82.9% and 100%, respectively. The suitable level of BA and NAA for the excised stem's was 0.1 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L respectively, yielding a regeneration frequency of 83 %. Rooting occurred on the MS medium with half strength of macronutrient and addition of 0.015 mg/L NAA, and the rooting rate could reach up to 86.2%. The techniques of somatic cell cloning of P. euphratica was established in vitro. The problems of deterioration of the subcultured shoots were also discussed.     

胡杨离体器官发生及试管无性系的建立

研究了离体条件下胡杨（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ　ｅｕｐｈｒａｔｉｃａ　Ｏｌｉｖｅｒ）茎段、叶片及愈伤组织的器官发生和植株再生技术。离体培养以ＭＳ为基本培养基并附加４０ｍｇ／Ｌ腺嘌呤和５００ｍｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白。离体叶片和茎段在ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织,并在含０．２５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ和０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基上继代增殖。ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ可诱导叶片和愈伤组织发生不定芽,诱导频率分别为１００％和８２．９％,对于茎段,ＢＡ和ＮＡＡ分别为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导不定芽频率可达８３％。试管苗在大量元素减半并附加０．０１５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导生根,生根率达８６．２％。     

In Vitro Seed Germination and Developmental Morphology of Seedling in Cymbidium ensifolium

The process of in vitro seed germination of Cymbidium ensifoliumcultivar Si-ji-lan could be divided into the following five stages: (1) Proembryos wereswollen, outer layer cells became irregular in shape. The tangential wall of outer layer cells of proembryos was thickened. The terminal cells were much smaller than basiccells. (2) Seeds germinated and differentiated into protocorms with terminal or lateralmeristem. (3) On one flank of the terminal meristem a single cotyledon was differen-tiated. (4) After the first foliage leaf was formed in the opposite side of the cotyledon,the protocorms developed into rhizomes. (5) As the third or forth leaf was formed, young roots were initiated. The results stained by Suden IV shot that the possiblecause for quite slow seed germination rate of Cymbidium ensifolium in vitro is due tothe thickened layers of seed coat, reducing its penetrability on the surface of proem-bryo. During seed germination the lipid and starch in the embryo cells were reduced.The reduction of starches may be closely correlated to the meristem formation.     

尾叶桉叶片的离体培养和植株再生

1植物名称尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylia). 2材料类别无菌萌发种子苗的幼叶片. 3培养条件萌发培养基:(1)MS 3%蔗糖.诱导分化培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 0.8～1.5 mg·L-1(单位下同) KT 0.5 NAA 0.1 3%蔗糖.丛生芽增殖和生长培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.02 3%蔗糖.生根培养基:(4)1/2MS NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖;(5)MS NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖;(6)改良H NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖.以上培养基均加入0.65%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度(25±2)℃,光照1 6 h·d-1,光照度1900～2000lx.     

白花大叶醉鱼草的离体培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　白花大叶醉鱼草 (Ｂｕｄｄｌｅｊａｄａｒｉｄｉｉ)。2　材料类别　带侧芽的茎段。3　培养条件　启动培养基 :( 1 ) 1 / 2ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .0 1 ;( 2 ) 1 / 2ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 ;( 3) 1 / 2ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1     

椰子胚的离体培养与植株再生(简报)

以椰子成熟胚为外植体,在Y3 6-BA 0.5mg/L(单位下同) NAA 0.5 蔗糖60.0g/L液体培养基上诱导萌发;最佳生根培养基为Y3 6-BA 1.0 NAA 2.0 IBA 2.0 蔗糖45.0g/L 琼脂7.0g/L,生根率可达100%;移栽成活率达90%以上.     

蚊净香草的离体培养和植株再生

1 植物名称蚊净香草(Pelargonium odoratissmum). 　　2 材料类别一年生幼苗的叶片. 　　3 培养条件诱导芽培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 0.3～0.6 mg*L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.3～0.6; (2)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.2; (3)MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA 0.2.芽增殖培养基:(4)1/2MS 6-BA 0.3～0.6 NAA 0.3～0.6.生根培养基:(5)1/2MS; (6)1/2MS NAA 0.5; (7)1/4MS; (8)1/4MS AC 0.5%.以上培养基琼脂含量皆为0.75%,芽诱导培养基中蔗糖均为2.5%,生根培养基中蔗糖均为2.0%, pH 5.0～5.8.培养时温度为(25 2)℃,光照12～14 h*d-1,光照度2 000 lx.……     

大叶凤尾蕨的离体培养及植株再生

1　植物名称　大叶凤尾蕨 (Ｐｔｅｒｉｓｃｒｅｔｉｃａ)品种白斑大叶凤尾蕨 (ｃｖ .“Ａｌｂｏｌｉｎｅｎｅａｔａ”)。2　材料类别　叶背面成熟孢子。孢子囊群沿羽片顶部以下的叶缘连续分布 ,呈狭条形。供试植株来源于荷兰花卉市场的大叶凤尾蕨盆花。3　培养条件　 (1 )诱导孢子萌发培养基 :1 / 3ＭＳ ;(2 )初代培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 3 .0 ;(3 )继代培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＩＢＡ 1 .0 ;(4)生根培养基 :1 / 2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 2 .0 ＩＡＡ2 .0 ;(5 )复壮培养基 :1 / 2ＭＳ 活性炭 2 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1…