Academic physician specialists’ views toward the unproven stem cell intervention industry: areas of common ground and divergence

Background and AimsPremature commercialization of unproven stem cell interventions (SCIs) has received significant attention within the regenerative medicine community. Patients considering SCIs may encounter misinformation and seek out guidance from their physicians who are trusted brokers of health information. However, little is known about the perspectives of academic physician specialists toward the SCI industry. The purpose of this study was to capture the attitudes of physician specialists with experience addressing patient questions about unproven SCIs.MethodsThe authors undertook 25 semi-structured interviews with academic physicians in cardiology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, pulmonology and neurology primarily from one academic center.ResultsThe authors identified two major themes: concerns and mediators of appropriateness of offering SCIs as therapies to patients. Specialists were generally aware of the industry and reported scientific and commercial concerns, including the scientific uncertainty of SCIs, medical harms to patients, misleading marketing and its impact on patient informed consent and economic harms due to large out-of-pocket costs for patients. All specialists outside of orthopedics voiced that it was inappropriate to be offering SCIs to patients today. These views were informed by previously expressed concerns surrounding safety and properly informing patients, levels of evidence needed prior to offering SCIs therapeutically and desired qualifications for clinicians. Among the specialties, orthopedists reported that under certain conditions, SCIs may be appropriate for patients with limited clinical options but only when safety is adequate, expectations are managed and patients are well informed about the risks and chances of benefit. Most participants expressed a desire for phase 3 studies and Food and Drug Administration approval prior to marketing SCIs, but some also shared the challenges associated with upholding these thresholds of evidence, especially when caring for out-of-option patients.ConclusionsThe authors’ results suggest that medical specialists are aware of the industry and express several concerns surrounding SCIs but differ in their views on the appropriateness and clinical evidence necessary for offering SCIs currently to patients. Additional educational tools may help physicians with patient engagement and expectation management surrounding SCIs.     

Defensive Medicine among Obstetricians and Gynecologists in Tertiary Hospitals

Objective

To describe the daily work practice under the threat of defensive medicine among obstetricians and gynecologists.

Study Design

A prospective cross-sectional survey of obstetricians and gynecologists working at tertiary medical centers in Israel.

Results

Among the 117 obstetricians and gynecologists who participated in the survey, representing 10% of the obstetricians and gynecologists registered by the Israel Medical Association, 113 (97%) felt that their daily work practice is influenced by concern about being sued for medical negligence and not only by genuine medical considerations. As a result, 102 (87%) physicians are more likely to offer the cesarean section option, even in the absence of a clear medical indication, 70 (60%) follow court rulings concerning medical practices, and 85 (73%) physicians mentioned that discussions about medical negligence court rulings are included in their departments'' meetings.

Conclusions

Defensive medicine is a well-embedded phenomenon affecting the medical decision process of obstetricians and gynecologists.     

剖宫产产妇并发医院感染的临床特征及相关影响因素研究

目的:探讨剖宫产产妇并发医院感染的临床特征及相关影响因素,并提出相应的防控措施。方法:选取自2014年1月至2016年12月间在我院妇产科进行剖宫产手术的产妇4112例,记录产妇感染发生的情况(感染率、感染部位及病原菌分布),并统计分析产妇的基本情况,包括年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、住院时间、基础疾病等基本情况。结果:进行剖宫产的产妇合并发生医院感染的感染率为4.89%(201/4112);感染部位主要为手术切口感染、泌尿道感染、生殖道感染、盆腔感染、呼吸道感染及皮肤感染,其中手术切口感染所占比例为45.77%;医院感染病例中共培养出5种病原菌共51株,包括金黄色葡萄球菌、葛兰氏阴性杆菌、副流感嗜血菌、粪肠球菌及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌;感染因素中年龄、BMI、住院时间、基础疾病情况、医护人员操作的熟练程度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后尿管留置时间及抗菌药物应用与剖宫产产妇并发医院感染之间具有紧密联系(P0.05),而首次剖宫产手术与剖宫产产妇并发医院感染之间无联系(P0.05)。结论:剖宫产产妇并发医院感染的发生率较高,而且多种感染因素影响其发生,因此在临床上应采取相应的防控措施,降低感染率,保证产妇和新生儿的身心健康。     

急诊危重孕产妇5分钟紧急剖宫产的临床效果及新生儿不良结局的危险因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨急诊危重孕产妇5分钟紧急剖宫产的临床效果,并分析新生儿不良结局的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析2018年1月~2022年6月在河北省儿童医院妇产科收治的急诊危重孕产妇139例的临床资料。根据急诊剖宫产流程分为对照组（n=68,常规紧急剖宫产流程下进行手术）及观察组（n=71,5分钟紧急剖宫产）。观察两组孕产妇的手术情况、手术反应时间、孕产妇并发症、新生儿不良结局发生率。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析新生儿不良结局的危险因素。结果：两组住院时间、术中出血量、术中输血情况组间对比,未见统计学差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组进手术室至手术开始时间、决定手术至胎儿娩出的时间间隔（DDI）、决定手术至进手术室时间、手术开始至胎儿娩出时间均更短,新生儿不良结局发生率、并发症发生率更低（P<0.05）。根据新生儿不良结局将孕产妇分为不良组（n=38）、良好组（n=101）。单因素分析结果显示：新生儿不良结局与受教育程度、新生儿体重、孕周、剖宫产类型、DDI、妊娠合并症、采用辅助生殖技术有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,受教育程度为小学及其以下、新生儿体重偏低、剖宫产类型为I类剖宫产、孕周偏短、DDI偏长均是新生儿不良结局的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：急诊危重孕产妇5分钟紧急剖宫产可缩短各项手术反应时间,降低孕产妇并发症和新生儿不良结局发生率。此外,新生儿不良结局的发生与受教育程度、新生儿体重、剖宫产类型、孕周、DDI等因素有关。     

高龄瘢痕子宫再妊娠孕产妇剖宫产术终止妊娠直接病因及预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨高龄瘢痕子宫再妊娠孕产妇剖宫产术终止妊娠直接病因及预后影响因素分析。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月-2020年10月在我院收治的400例高龄瘢痕子宫再妊娠孕妇。按照是否终止妊娠将400例孕妇分为终止妊娠组（200例）和未终止妊娠组（200例）。并对200例终止妊娠孕妇进行2年随访,按照2年内再妊娠情况分为再妊娠成功组（150例）和再次终止妊娠组（50例）。采用Spearman检验进行相关性分析;采用logistics回归模型进行回归分析。结果：200例终止妊娠孕妇中瘢痕妊娠60（30.00 %）例,死胎13（6.50 %）例,胎儿畸形25（12.50 %）例,子痫前期81（40.50 %）例,胎膜早破11（5.50%）例,妊娠意外事件10（5.00 %）例。高龄瘢痕子宫孕妇终止妊娠后再妊娠与教育水平、是否有固定职业、家庭月收入无关（P＞0.05）;与年龄、孕次、产次、剖宫产手术史、终止妊娠病因有关（P<0.05）;200例终止妊娠孕妇预后再妊娠与年龄、孕次、产次、剖宫产手术史、终止妊娠病因密切相关（P<0.05）;多因素分析结果显示,年龄、孕次、产次、剖宫产手术史、终止妊娠病因是独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：高龄瘢痕子宫孕妇终止妊娠的主要病因为瘢痕妊娠,死胎,胎儿畸形例,子痫前期,胎膜早破,妊娠意外事件。年龄、孕次、产次、剖宫产手术史、终止妊娠病因是影响高龄瘢痕子宫孕妇预后再妊娠的独立危险因素。     

Ontario Maternal Serum Screening Program: practices,knowledge and opinions of health care providers

OBJECTIVE: To determine the practices, knowledge and opinions of health care providers regarding a prenatal genetic screening program in Ontario. DESIGN: Cross-sectional self-reported survey. SETTING: Ontario. PARTICIPANTS: Random sample of 2000 family physicians, all 565 obstetricians and all 62 registered midwives in the province. Among subjects who were eligible (those providing antenatal care or attending births) the response rates were 91% (778/851), 76% (273/359) and 78% (46/59) respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Which patients were offered maternal serum screening (MSS), how results were being communicated, knowledge of the test''s sensitivity, likes and dislikes about MSS and recommendations regarding the program. RESULTS: Most (97%) of respondents stated that they were offering MSS to the pregnant women in their practices; 88% were offering it routinely to all pregnant women (87% of the family physicians, 90% of the obstetricians and 100% of the midwives). Most (92%) of the respondents stated that they communicate positive results to their patients personally as soon as they are received; 23% did so for negative results. The respondents correctly identified the initial positive rate but underestimated the false-positive rate. About one-third did not respond to these knowledge questions. Of those who gave feedback on the screening program, 50% recommended that it not be changed, 29% suggested that it be changed, and 22% recommended that it be scrapped. CONCLUSIONS: Participation in the Ontario Maternal Serum Screening Program by health care providers has been good, although knowledge about MSS is far from ideal. Many providers have reservations about the program. In light of concerns raised about the high false-positive rate and the anxiety such results generate in pregnant women, there is a need for more education of providers and patients and a better understanding of women''s experiences with genetic screening.     

不同浓度罗哌卡因用于蛛网膜下腔阻滞在剖宫产手术中的效果分析

目的:探讨不同浓度罗哌卡因用于蛛网膜下腔阻滞在剖宫产手术中的效果。方法:选择2015年7月到2017年12月在本院进行剖宫产的初产妇89例作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组44例与对照组45例,两组都给予经蛛网膜下腔阻滞麻醉。观察组注入罗哌卡因15 mg,对照组注入罗哌卡因17.5 mg。比较两组麻醉开始前(T0)、麻醉开始后2 min(T1)、10 min(T2)的呼吸频率(Respiration Rate,RR)和心率(Heart Rate,HR),两组的最高感觉阻滞时间、最高阻滞平面、感觉阻滞起效时间,术后2 h、4 h与24 h的VAS疼痛评分,产妇不良反应情况的发生情况并进行新生儿评价。结果:所有产妇在不同时间点的呼吸频率和心率均正常波动,组间与组内对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的感觉阻滞起效时间、最高阻滞平面、最高感觉阻滞时间对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后2 h、4 h与24 h的疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。所有新生儿都顺利分娩,1 min和5min Apgar评分都为9-10分;观察组产妇的不良反应发生率为4.5%,显著低于对照组的27.3%(P0.05)。结论:剖宫产手术经蛛网膜下腔阻滞中应用15 mg罗哌卡因也能保持产妇循环功能稳定,具有良好的镇痛与阻滞效果,且安全性更高。     

全身麻醉与腰麻对剖宫产术产妇和新生儿的影响

目的:比较分析全身麻醉与腰麻对剖宫产术产妇和新生儿的影响。方法:选择2018年1月～2018年12月在我院进行剖宫产术的81例产妇,随机分为两组。对照组的40例产妇在剖宫产术中采用腰麻,观察组的41例产妇在剖宫产术中采用全身麻醉。记录两组的切皮至娩出时间、手术时间和新生儿体质量;比较两组新生儿的Apgar评分、动脉血气分析检测值和神经行为评分;并比较两组产妇的平均动脉压以及心率。结果:两组的切皮至娩出时间、手术时间和新生儿体质量没有明显的差异(P0.05);两组胎儿娩出之后1 min和5 min的Apgar评分没有明显的差异(P0.05);两组新生儿出生后30 min的二氧化碳分压、pH值、氧分压、红细胞压积以及血氧饱和度没有明显的差异(P0.05);两组新生儿出生后1 d、3 d和5 d的神经行为评分没有明显的差异(P0.05);与麻醉前相比,两组产妇切皮时和取出胎儿时的平均动脉压以及心率均明显降低(P0.05),且观察组产妇切皮时和取出胎儿时的平均动脉压以及心率均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:全身麻醉和腰麻都适用于剖宫产手术,全身麻醉不仅可以维持剖宫产产妇血流动力学稳定,而且对新生儿Apgar评分、动脉血气分析和神经行为评分无明显的影响,具有较高的临床价值。     

Relation between private health insurance and high rates of caesarean section in Chile: qualitative and quantitative study

ObjectivesTo explore the circumstances and factors that explain the association between private health insurance cover and a high rate of caesarean sections in Chile.DesignQualitative analysis of audiotaped in-depth interviews with obstetricians and pregnant women; quantitative analysis of data from face to face semistructured interview survey conducted postnatally (with women who had given birth in the previous 24-72 hours), and of a review of medical notes at a public hospital, a university hospital, and a private clinic.SettingSantiago, Chile.ParticipantsQualitative arm: 22 obstetricians, 21 pregnant women; quantitative arm: 540 postnatal women.ResultsPrivate health insurance cover requires the primary maternity care provider to be an obstetrician. In the postnatal survey, women with private obstetricians showed consistently higher rates of caesarean section (range 57-83%) than those cared for by midwives or doctors on duty in public or university hospitals (range 27-28%). Only a minority of women receiving private care reported that they had wanted this method of delivery (range 6-32%). With the diversification in the healthcare market, most obstetricians now have demanding peripatetic work schedules. Private maternity patients are a lucrative source of income. The obstetrician is committed to attend these private births in person, and the “programming” (or scheduling) of births is a common time management strategy. The rate of elective caesarean sections was 30-68% in women with private obstetricians and 12-14% in women not attended by private obstetricians.ConclusionsPolicies on healthcare financing can influence maternity care management and outcomes in unforeseen ways. The prevailing business ethos in health care encourages such pragmatism among those doctors who do not have a moral objection to non-medical caesarean section.     

二次剖宫产术中放置吉娜固定式宫内节育器的效果和安全性研究*

目的:观察二次剖宫产术中放置吉娜固定式宫内节育器(GyneFixPP IUD)的疗效,并评价其安全性。方法:选择本院2011年1月至2013年2月既往曾行1次剖宫产的疤痕子宫孕妇共316例,其中上环组156例受术者均为自愿选择再次剖宫产术中放置吉娜环,对照组160例行常规再次剖宫产术,未上环或结扎。术后42d、3个月、6个月、12个月对两组患者进行随访,收集并分析两组术后出血、恶露及避孕环在位及不良反应等情况。结果:两组出血量、血性恶露持续时间及恶露持续时间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。产后3个月、6个月、12个月均出现经量增多、不规则出血、疼痛、白带增多及男方性交痛等副反应,但主诉不适逐渐减少,经相关处理后症状缓解或消失。上环组S-S距离为1.4-2.2 cm的在42d占77.50%,在3月占72.41%,在6月占82.14%,在12月占81.25%,其差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。上环组随访的151例产妇有4例(占2.65%)避孕环1年内自行脱出,因症取出2例(占1.32%),续用率为96.04%。上环组2年内意外妊娠0例,对照组5例,约占3.1%,5例均选择行人工流产结束妊娠。结论:二次剖宫产术中放置吉娜环安全,脱落率低,续用率高,避孕效果好,值得推广应用。     

剖宫产术围术期预防性应用抗生素的成本效果分析

目的:探讨剖宫产术围术期预防性应用抗生素的成本效果,为剖宫产手术提供有效、经济的抗生素应用方案。方法:选取我院近3年接诊的80例实施剖宫产产妇纳入本次研究,将其随机分为研究组和对照组,每组产妇40例。研究组在胎儿娩出断脐后立即静脉滴注头孢呋辛,术后不再应用抗生素,而对照组术后静脉滴注头孢呋辛,对比两组产妇的成本效果。结果:两组产妇术后体温(平均体温、最高体温)、体温恢复时间、住院时间和术后感染发生率对比均无统计学差异(P0.05);研究组成本效果明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:剖宫产术围术期预防性应用抗生素可达到良好的抗感染效果,选择头孢呋辛作为剖宫产手术围术期预防性抗菌药物,是一种有效、经济的方案,可避免围术期过度使用抗生素。     

硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡联合地佐辛静脉用于剖宫产术后镇痛的疗效及对患者血清5-羟色胺、泌乳素水平的影响

目的:探讨硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡联合地佐辛静脉用于剖宫产术后镇痛的疗效及对患者血清5-羟色胺、泌乳素水平的影响。方法:选择2016年1月至2018年11月择期进行剖宫产的产妇80例,按照随机数字法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例。对照组采用硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡自控镇痛,观察组采用硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡联合地佐辛静脉自控镇痛。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估两组产妇术后镇痛效果,酶联免疫法及化学发光法分别测定产妇术前、术后6 h、12 h、24 h和48 h血清5-羟色胺水平及泌乳素水平,并观察两组产妇术后不良反应的发生情况。结果:两组产妇患者术后VAS评分随着时间延长逐渐降低,观察组术后第6 h、12 h、24 h以及48 h的VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组产妇术后血清5-羟色胺水平均较术前明显降低(P0.05),而血清泌乳素均较术前显著升高(P0.05),且观察组术后第6 h、12 h、24 h以及48 h血清5-羟色胺水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而血清泌乳素浓度均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。两组产妇患者术后均未出现呼吸抑制,对照组恶心(Nausea)、呕吐、头晕、皮肤瘙痒的发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡联合地佐辛静脉用于剖宫产术后镇痛疗效及安全性均较硬膜外腔单次注射吗啡自控镇痛更好,产妇术后血清泌乳素及5-羟色胺浓度显著提高,对于产后抑郁的发病可能有一定的抑制作用,也有利于产妇术后恢复,尽早哺乳。     

舒芬太尼术后镇痛对剖宫产后产妇血清儿茶酚胺、泌乳素水平及血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨舒芬太尼术后镇痛对剖宫产术后产妇血清儿茶酚胺(CA)、泌乳素(PRL)水平及血流动力学的影响。方法:选择我院2015年1月～2016年12月收治的98例剖宫术产妇,术后按不同镇痛方式分为对照组与研究组,每组49例。对照组予以芬太尼镇痛,研究组予以舒芬太尼镇痛。观察并比较两组治疗前后血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、PRL、心率及平均动脉压水平的变化,镇痛效果及不良反应的发生情况。结果:手术后,两组血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、PRL、心率、平均动脉压、VAS水平均较手术前显著上升,且研究组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后的镇痛效果肯定,能够抑制产妇术后CA的分泌,且对泌乳及血流动力学的影响较小。     

女性生殖道解脲支原体感染与胎膜早破与新生儿窒息的相关性

摘要 目的：探讨女性生殖道解脲支原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum,UU)感染与胎膜早破与新生儿窒息的相关性。方法：2017年6月至2019年6月选择在地区门诊就诊的孕妇108例,检测生殖道解脲支原体感染情况,调查所有孕妇的一般资料、分娩方式、胎膜早破、新生儿窒息状况并进行相关性分析。结果：在108例孕妇中,48例检出解脲支原体感染,感染率为44.4 %。感染组的年龄、体重指数、产次、孕次、受教育年限、孕周等与非感染组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。感染组的胎膜早破与新生儿窒息发生率分别为22.9 %和18.8 %,显著高于非感染组的3.3 %和1.7 %(P<0.05)。感染组的剖宫产率高于非感染组,自然分娩率低于非感染组,对比差异都有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在108例孕妇中,Pearson分析显示解脲支原体感染与胎膜早破、新生儿窒息都存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论：女性生殖道解脲支原体感染比较常见,可导致剖宫产、胎膜早破、新生儿窒息发生率增加,也与胎膜早破、新生儿窒息存在显著相关性。     

Causes of low utilization of amniocentesis by women of advanced maternal age

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine current usage of amniocentesis by women of advanced maternal age in a southwestern Ohio county and to determine potential usage levels by surveying women not utilizing the procedure to understand their reasons. For women age 35 and older giving birth in Hamilton County, Ohio, the estimated percentage using amniocentesis was 3.9 in 1978, 7.6 in 1979, and 13.3 in 1980. Approximately comparable statewide utilization rates were 7.0, 11.5, and 17.2 respectively. A telephone survey during the summer of 1980 of 81 Hamilton County women age 35 and older recently giving birth to a normal baby found four main reasons why they did not utilize amniocentesis: (1) they did not feel at an increased risk (29.6 per cent); (2) they had never heard of the test (24.7 per cent); (3) they were opposed to abortion (21.0 per cent); and (4) no one suggested they have the test done (19.8 per cent). Their physicians reported that 81 per cent of these women had received prenatal counseling. Thus, of those counseled, over two‐thirds apparently missed at least one essential message of the counseling they were presumably provided. These findings, coupled with 47.7 per cent of women who knew about amniocentesis saying they would most likely use it if they became pregnant again and their physician recommended it, indicate that utilization of prenatal diagnosis by at least 50 per cent of women age 35 and older is likely with greater public education and greater support of the procedure by obstetricians.     

基于FMEA法的剖宫产风险识别与对策研究

目的 帮助医院明确剖宫产手术中的高风险环节及关键流程,切实做好产科安全管理。方法　通过FMEA法与文献研究、头脑风暴、问卷调查及专家咨询相结合的方式,对剖宫产诊疗流程中的风险进行识别。结果　共识别出剖宫产诊疗流程中10项高风险环节,即产后出血、知情同意效果不佳、会诊不及时、羊水栓塞、切口感染、尿路感染、会诊诊断及治疗错误、术前宣教效果不佳、麻醉失误、检查结果有误。结论 FMEA法是一项有效的医疗风险识别工具,能够前瞻性的检测出剖宫产高风险环节.并有针对性地实施干预。     

气压治疗仪联合那屈肝素预防剖宫产术后下肢静脉栓塞的临床研究

摘要 目的：探究气压治疗仪联合那屈肝素预防剖宫产术后下肢静脉栓塞（DVT）的临床效果。方法：选取2021年1月～2022年8月长沙市妇幼保健院收治的172例剖宫产孕妇,以随机数字表法按1:1比例分为联合组、常规组,各86例。常规组采用那屈肝素预治疗,联合组采用气压治疗仪联合那屈肝素治疗。比较两组DVT发生率;术前、术后5 d凝血功能指标[凝血酶时间（TT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）]、血液流变学指标[全血高切黏度、血浆黏度、全血低切黏度];术前、术后1 d、5 d大小腿腿围;术前、术后1 d、3 d、5 d疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分。结果：联合组DVT发生率3.49%较常规组11.63%低（P＜0.05）;术后5 d联合组PT、APTT、TT较常规组高,FIB较常规组低（P＜0.05）;术后5 d联合组全血高切黏度、血浆黏度、全血低切黏度较常规组低（P＜0.05）;术后1 d、5 d联合组大小腿腿围较常规组低（P＜0.05）;术后1 d、3 d、5 d联合组VAS评分较常规组低（P＜0.05）。结论：气压治疗仪联合那屈肝素能有效改善剖宫产产妇术后凝血功能及血液流变学,缓解下肢肿胀,减轻术后疼痛,减少DVT的发生。     

孕妇不良情绪、生活事件与妊娠结局以及分娩方式的关系研究

目的:探讨孕妇不良情绪、生活事件对妊娠结局以及分娩方式的影响。方法:选择2017年3月至2018年7月在海南省三亚市人民医院进行分娩的孕妇232例,搜集孕妇的基本资料,调查孕妇的生活事件及抑郁、焦虑状态,并记录孕妇的妊娠结局以及分娩方式,分析孕妇不良情绪、生活事件与妊娠结局以及分娩方式之间的关系。结果:在232例孕妇中,焦虑情绪孕妇有24例,占10.34%;抑郁孕妇有86例,占37.07%;发生生活事件的孕妇有69例,占29.74%。受到生活事件刺激、存在抑郁及焦虑的孕妇出现不良妊娠结局的概率均高于正常孕妇(P0.05)。剖宫产孕妇负性生活事件发生次数高于自然分娩的孕妇,而正性生活事件发生次数低于自然分娩的孕妇(P0.05)。剖宫产孕妇焦虑、抑郁的发生率均高于自然分娩的孕妇(P0.05)。结论:孕妇的不良情绪及生活事件普遍存在,可导致不良妊娠结局的发生并且对分娩方式产生一定的影响,应引起家庭及社会的重视。