6-BA和GA_3对盐胁迫下红杆铁皮石斛幼苗生理生化影响

以红杆铁皮石斛Dendrobium officinale为材料,研究植物生长调节剂6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和赤霉素(GA3)对其幼苗在Na Cl胁迫下的生理生化影响。结果表明,盐胁迫下,低浓度6-BA和GA3处理均可不同程度地提高红杆铁皮石斛幼苗的茎生长率,抑制根的伸长,且GA3抑制效果大于6-BA;随着6-BA浓度增加,盐胁迫下红杆铁皮石斛叶片叶绿素含量降低,类胡萝卜素含量则呈先升后降的趋势,而较高浓度GA3(4.0 mg·L-1)处理同时提高叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量;低浓度6-BA(2.0 mg·L-1)处理能提高红杆铁皮石斛叶片可溶性糖含量,相同浓度GA3处理则降低可溶性糖含量,但高浓度GA3处理的可溶性糖含量与对照无显著差异。因此,添加适当浓度的植物生长调节剂能提高光合色素及可溶性糖的合成与积累,从而缓解盐胁迫对红杆铁皮石斛植株的伤害。     

小金海棠叶片的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称苹果(砧木)小金海棠(Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et.Jiang). 2材料类别组培苗. 3培养条件以MS为基本培养基.(1)起始和增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 0.2 mg·L-1(单位下同) IAA0.5 3%蔗糖 6.5 g·L-1琼脂;(2)生长培养基:MS 6-BA 0.6 NAA 0.2 GA3 0.3 3%蔗糖 7 g·L-1琼脂;(3)再生培养基:MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 1.0 TDZ4.0 3%蔗糖 7 g·L-1琼脂;(4)生根培养基:1/2MS IAA 1.0 3%蔗糖 6 g·L-1琼脂.培养基pH调整至5.8,121℃、0.11 MPa灭菌20 min.培养温度为(25±2)℃,光照时间14 h·d-1,光强为40μmol·m-2·s-1.     

也门铁的组织培养技术研究

以4品种也门铁的茎段为外植体进行组织培养技术研究。结果表明,控制普通也门铁茎段褐化效果最理想的培养基为MS + 0.25 g·L-1 VC + 0.50 g·L-1 Na2S2O3;诱导也门铁不定芽萌动的最佳培养基为MS + 3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.2 mg·L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg·L-1 KT;诱导也门铁不定芽增殖的最佳培养基,因品种不同而异,普通也门铁和金心也门铁为MS + 2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 1.0 mg·L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg·L-1 GA3,扭纹铁和金心扭纹铁为MS + 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg·L-1 GA3;也门铁壮苗的最佳培养基为MS + 0.05 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L-1 NAA + l g·L-1AC;也门铁生根最优培养基为1/2MS + 0.5 mg·L-1 IBA。     

毛萼口红花愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

1植物名称毛萼口红花(Aeschynanthus lobbianus). 2材料类别叶片. 3培养条件诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) GA 0.01 NA A 0.05;(2)MS 6-BA 1 GA 0.01 NAA 0.1.增殖培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 1 NAA 0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 1.5 NAA0.2.生根培养基:(5)1/2MS NAA 0.2.以上培养基均加30 g·L-1的蔗糖,7 g·L-1的琼脂,pH 5.8,高压灭菌.培养温度23～26℃,光照10 h·d-1,光照度2 000 lx左右.     

流苏树的组织培养和快速繁殖

以流苏树种胚为试材,研究不同种类及浓度的植物生长调节剂对其无菌体系建立,带顶、侧芽茎段伸长以及生根的影响。结果表明,种胚生根最适培养基为WPM+0.1 mg·L-1 NAA+3.0 mg·L-1 GA3+2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA,生根率为94.2%;带顶、侧芽茎段最适培养基为WPM+1.0 mg·L-1 GA3+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 TDZ;生根最适培养基为WPM+0.1 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 IBA。     

观叶花烛的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称天南星科Anthurium podofillum种的一个栽培品种,常称观叶花烛或丛林花烛. 2材料类别幼嫩叶、顶芽. 3培养条件基本培养基为MS,添加蔗糖30 g·L-1、琼脂7 g·L-1,pH 5.8.启动培养基(1):6-BA 2.0～4.0mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.2～1.0 利福平;继代诱导培养基(2):6-BA 3.0 ZT1.0 GA30.5 NAA 0.01;快繁增殖培养基(3):6-BA 1.0 KT 1.0;壮苗生根培养(4):1/2MS(大量元素减半) NAA 0.2.光照度1 000～2000 lx,光照12 h·d-1,培养温度(25 2)℃.     

大苞鞘石斛的离体培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称大苞鞘石斛(Dendrobium wardianumWarner). 2 材料类别种子(授粉6个月). 3培养条件萌发培养基:(1)1/2MS 6-BA0.2mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.2.继代增殖与分化培养基:(2)1/2MS;(3)1,2MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.5:(4)1/2MS 6-BA 0.5;(5)CHB 6-BA 0.5;(6)1/2MS NAA 0.5.生根壮苗培养基:(7)CHB IBA 1.0;(8)花宝1号3g·L-1 蛋白胨2 g-L-1 IBA 1.0:(9)B5.以上萌发培养基和继代增殖与分化培养基均附加2.0%蔗糖,生根壮苗培养基附加3.0%蔗糖,椰乳均为100 mL·L-1,7.6 g·L-1琼脂固化,pH 5.4～5.6.培养温度为(23±1)℃,光照强度30～40μmol·m2·s-1,光照时间16h·d-1.     

火焰兰杂交种的胚培养和离体快繁

1植物名称火焰兰杂交种(Renanthera CoCCinea×R.imschootiana). 2材料类别种子. 3培养条件种子萌发培养基:(1)VW;(2)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1;(3)KC;(4)KC 椰子乳100mL·L-1;(5)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1 活性炭2 g·L-1(6)1/2MS 椰子乳100 mL·L-1.叶片离体培养基:(7)VW 2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA 2.5 NAA0.2;(8)VW 2,4-D 2.0 6-BA 5.0 NAA 0.5.原球茎继代增殖:(9)花宝1号1.5 g·L-1 花宝2号1.5g·L-1 椰子乳100 mL·L1 6-BA 1.0 NAA 1.0;(10)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1 6-BA 1.0 NAA 1.0.生根壮苗培养基:(11)花宝1号3 g·L-1 蛋白胨2 g·L-1 活性炭2 g·L-1 NAA 0.5 6-BA 0.2;(12)花宝1号1 g·L-1 花宝2号1 g·L-1 蛋白胨2 g·L-1 活性炭2g·L-1 NAA 0.5 6-BA 0.2.以上培养基均加1.5%蔗糖、0.6%琼脂,pH 5.2～5.4,培养温度(25±2)℃,光照度1 500～2000 lx,光照时间12 h·d-1.     

彩萼石楠的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称彩萼石楠或帚石南(Calluna vulgaris). 2材料类别当年生新梢. 3培养条件基本培养基为MS.(1)诱导芽培养基:MS 6-BA 0.5～2.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.05;(2)增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 1.0～2.0 IAA 0.2 GA 0.5;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS IBA 0.5～1.0.以上培养基均附加30 g·L-1蔗糖、6 g·L-1琼脂,pH 5.4～5.8.光照度为1 000～2 500 lx,光照时间12 h·d-1;培养温度为(25±1)℃.     

白玉兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称白玉兰(Magnolia denudata). 2材料类别休眠顶芽. 3培养条件芽诱导增殖培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 0.2mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.05,(2)MS 6-BA0.5 NAA 0.05,(3)MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.05,(4)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.1,(5)MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA0.1,(6)MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.1,(7)MS 6-BA2.0 NAA 0.05;诱导生根培养基:(8)1/2MS IBA0.2,(9)1/4MS IBA 0.5.以上培养基加0.7%琼脂、100mg·L-1肌醇,蔗糖除生根培养基为20 g·L-1外其余均为30 g·L-1,pH 5.8.培养温度20～28℃,光照度1 500～2500 lx,光照时间9～11 h·d-1.     

Embryo and Endosperm Function and Failure inSolanumSpecies and Hybrids

Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development.     

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics and Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp.     

HIFs and tumors--causes and consequences

For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed.     

Morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children and adolescents

Studies of human constitution and mental features are traditionally among the main concepts of anthropological research. In this research, we attempted to discover connections between morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children and adolescents. Such a connection was discovered in some studied age groups. The obtained results could serve as a basis for further studies in this field.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。