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为分析食用菌中海藻糖的含量,以蛹虫草子实体为材料,比较了提取溶剂、提取方式及提取时间等条件对海藻糖提取效果的影响,确定海藻糖分析的前处理方法为:1g子实体粉中加入100mL 90%乙醇热回流提取1h。采用高效液相色谱法测定海藻糖,优化后的色谱条件为:SUGAR SP0810柱(300mm×8mm),超纯水洗脱,流速0.5mL/min,柱温70℃,示差折光检测器检测,进样量10μL。方法学考察结果表明,该方法准确度高,稳定性、精密度、重现性好,对海藻糖标准品的检测特异性良好,适用于蛹虫草子实体中海藻糖含量的 相似文献
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灵芝药品大多以灵芝子实体水提物为原料,为快速准确测定灵芝子实体水提物及相关产品中三萜的含量,建立了具有较好分离效果的HPLC分析测定方法。通过优化色谱柱和洗脱条件,优选出Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-乙酸水溶液(0.01%)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长252 nm,柱温30℃,该条件下灵芝酸A、灵芝酸F等10种灵芝酸得到较好的分离。方法学考察显示该分析方法精密度、重复性、稳定性和加样回收率的RSD值均小于5%,可以用于灵芝酸C2、灵芝酸G、灵芝烯酸B、灵芝酸B等10种灵芝酸的定量检测。通过对灵芝子实体原料、水提物和市售灵芝产品中10种三萜类成分分析发现,灵芝子实体水提物中均含有这10种三萜,含量为2.52%–6.83%,较子实体原料大幅提高,市售的灵芝产品中的三萜含量为0.27%–0.84%。该方法的建立为灵芝水提物及其产品质量标准的建立奠定基础。 相似文献
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灵芝Ganoderma lingzhi是最著名的药用真菌之一。本文研究了60%高氧条件下灵芝子实体呼吸速率、灵芝酸(ganoderic acid,GA)含量、总酚含量、活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)含量、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、抗氧化酶活性、黄嘌呤氧化酶(xanthineoxidase,XOD)活性、琥珀酸脱氢酶(succinic dehydrogenase,SDH)活性、H +-ATP酶活性、Ca 2+-ATP酶活性的变化。结果显示,高氧抑制灵芝子实体的呼吸速率;处理前期(第1天),灵芝子实体内过氧化氢(H2O2)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2 -?)含量高于对照组,但随着处理的进行,ROS含量显著减少,MDA积累减少,超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)和SDH活性提高,GA和总酚含量增加。表明一定的环境胁迫压力可以激发灵芝启动自身的抗氧化系统,保护机体免受氧化损伤,并促进相关次生代谢产物的合成。 相似文献
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Changes of polyol contents in the mycelium and fruit-bodies ofFlammulina velutipes were measured. The results suggested that arabinitol is accumulated in the fruit-bodies as the end-product after its translocation
from the mycelium, while mannitol in the fruit-bodies is converted into fructose by the action of mannitol dehydrogenase (MDH).
The development of fruit-bodies was promoted by feeding of mannitol to the mycelial colony. A14C tracer experiment indicated that half of mannitol translocated from mycelium to fruit-bodies was utilized for fruit-body
development. NAD-linked MDH andd-arabinitol dehydroganase (D-ADH) were detected in both mycelium and fruit-bodies. The activities of MDH and ADH in the mycelium
reached their maximum levels in the inital stage of fruit-body development and decreased thereafter. In contrast, the activity
of MDH in the fruit-bodies showed a peak in the middle stage of development. The activity of ADH in the fruit-bodies was less
than half of that of MDH. MDH showed a lower Km value for mannitol (1.3 ×10−3M) than for fructose (6.0×10−2 M). The Km value of ADH for arabinitol was extremely high (1.3×10−1M). 相似文献
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海藻糖转运蛋白(Trehalose transporter, Tret)可将昆虫“血糖”——海藻糖由脂肪体转运到血淋巴中,是维持昆虫体内海藻糖平衡的重要转运蛋白。本研究通过对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens两条糖转运蛋白序列(NlTret1、NlTret1 X1)进行生物信息学分析,并利用RNAi技术沉默NlTret1与NlTret1 X1基因,探讨其对褐飞虱调控海藻糖代谢的生物学功能。生物信息学分析表明,NlTret1与NlTret1 X1分别有1 353 bp和1 488 bp的开放阅读框,编码具有450和495个氨基酸残基,蛋白分子量大小为49.984 kDa和53.059 kDa,理论等电点pI为6.53和7.46;保守结构域分析NlTret1和NlTret1 X1分别包含10个和12个跨膜结构域,属于MFS超家族;二级结构以及三级结构预测NlTret1和NlTret1 X1主要包含无规卷曲和α螺旋结构。进化树分析显示NlTret1和NlTret1 X1皆与同为半翅目昆虫的Tret1蛋白亲缘关系接近。与注射dsGFP相比RNAi后显著抑制了靶标基因的表达量。荧光定量检... 相似文献
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从天蓝色链霉菌Streptomyces coelicolor克隆得到海藻糖合酶基因 (ScTreS),在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 中进行了异源表达,通过 Ni-NTA 亲和柱对表达产物进行分离纯化得到纯酶,经 SDS-PAGE 测定其分子量约为62.3 kDa。研究其酶学性质发现该酶最适温度35 ℃;最适pH 7.0,对酸性条件比较敏感。通过同源建模和序列比对分析,对该基因进行定点突变。突变酶K246A比酶活比野生酶提高了1.43倍,突变酶A165T相对提高了1.39倍,海藻糖转化率分别提高了14%和10%。利用突变体重组菌K246A进行全细胞转化优化海藻糖的合成条件并放大进行5 L罐发酵,结果表明:在麦芽糖浓度300 g/L、初始反应温度和pH分别为35 ℃和7.0的条件下,转化率最高达到71.3%,产量为213.93 g/L;当底物浓度增加到700 g/L时,海藻糖产量仍可达到465.98 g/L。 相似文献
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大斑芫菁滞育幼虫在滞育不同阶段体内糖类和醇类含量的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在以卵滞育的昆虫中昆虫滞育时的生理代谢特点已经得到了大量研究。本文对以末龄幼虫(5龄)滞育的大斑芫菁Mylabris phalerate(Pallas)在不同滞育阶段体内糖类和醇类代谢的特征进行了研究。结果表明: 滞育个体血淋巴中的海藻糖含量高于非滞育个体,且随滞育时间的加大逐渐升高,滞育5个月时达到最大值,为5.61 μmol/mL。糖原的含量随滞育的进程逐渐减少,滞育初期(0.5个月)为0.72 mg/mL,到滞育末期(5个月)时仅为0.1 mg/mL。滞育个体脂肪体中的海藻糖含量都高于非滞育个体,滞育1个月时为非滞育个体的3倍,至滞育末期时达非滞育个体的5倍,为2.5 μmol/g脂肪体。糖原含量总体变化趋势是随滞育时间的加大逐渐减少,滞育早期和中期都高于非滞育个体。在滞育过程中血淋巴积累的小分子多元醇主要为甘油,其次是山梨醇;而在脂肪体中主要为甘油,其次是甘露醇,少量积累山梨醇:表明大斑芫菁滞育幼虫主要积累的是海藻糖和一些小分子多元醇。滞育幼虫在准备滞育时储备了大量糖原,这些糖原可能为滞育期间海藻糖、山梨醇和甘油的代谢提供了原料。 相似文献
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J G Lewis R P Learmonth P V Attfield K Watson 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1997,18(1):30-36
Fourteen wild-type baking strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were grown in batch culture to true stationary phase (exogenous carbon source exhausted) and tested for their trehalose
content and their tolerance to heat (52°C for 4.5 min), ethanol (20% v/v for 30 min), H2O2 (0.3 M for 60 min), rapid freezing (−196°C for 20 min, cooling rate 200°C min−1), slow freezing (−20°C for 24 h, cooling rate 3°C min−1), salt (growth in 1.5 M NaCl agar) or acetic acid (growth in 0.4% w/v acetic acid agar) stresses. Stress tolerance among
the strains was highly variable and up to 1000-fold differences existed between strains for some types of stress. Compared
with previously published reports, all strains were tolerant to H2O2 stress. Correlation analysis of stress tolerance results demonstrated relationships between tolerance to H2O2 and tolerance to all stresses except ethanol. This may imply that oxidative processes are associated with a wide variety
of cellular stresses and also indicate that the general robustness associated with industrial yeast may be a result of their
oxidative stress tolerance. In addition, H2O2 tolerance might be a suitable marker for the general assessment of stress tolerance in yeast strains. Trehalose content
failed to correlate with tolerance to any stress except acetic acid. This may indicate that the contribution of trehalose
to tolerance to other stresses is either small or inconsistent and that trehalose may not be used as a general predictor
of stress tolerance in true stationary phase yeast.
Received 10 October 1995/ Accepted in revised form 10 September 1996 相似文献
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为了解灵芝中不同极性三萜活性的差异,运用大孔树脂将灵芝总三萜根据极性大小进行分段,采用高效液相法分析各极性部分的HPLC指纹图谱和三萜含量,并比较其对不同肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用和抗炎活性。结果显示D-101大孔树脂可以有效地将灵芝总三萜分为中等极性和低极性两部分,两部分的三萜含量分别为(279.00±2.90)mg/g、(94.52±2.03)mg/g。其中,低极性三萜的体外抗肿瘤活性明显强于中等极性三萜,其对K562、SW620、L1210细胞增殖抑制的IC50值分别为(74.12±1.94)μg/mL、(121.45±2.13)μg/mL、(13.52±1.13)μg/mL。另外,低极性三萜对RAW264.7细胞呼吸爆发的抑制作用也明显强于中等极性三萜。进一步对低极性三萜和中等极性三萜单体的抗炎活性进行比较,发现低极性三萜灵芝烯酸F、灵芝酸DM、灵芝醇B对RAW264.7细胞呼吸爆发的抑制作用明显强于极性较高的灵芝酸C2、灵芝酸A。该研究阐明了灵芝子实体中不同极性三萜部位的抗肿瘤及抗炎活性并不相同,为将来新药开发和灵芝质量标准的改进建立了基础。 相似文献