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荔蝽卵平腹小蜂越冬环境初步调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
荔蝽卵平腹小蜂Anastatussp.是一种卵寄生蜂,主要寄生于荔枝蝽TessaratomapapillosaDrary的卵内,对荔枝蝽的为害有一定的控制作用。60年代初,蒲蛰龙等[1]对该蜂生物学特性开展了研究,并成功地利用蓖麻蚕卵、柞蚕卵作为替代寄主大量繁殖此蜂,释放于荔枝园防治荔枝蝽,取得了良好效果。从80年代开始,刘志诚等[2]开展人工卵的研究,取得成功,目前已经形成一套成熟的人工繁蜂、放蜂防治荔枝蝽的技术。但在自然界,该蜂难以形成强大的自然种群,越冬后早春的自然种群数量相当低,早春寄生率不高。在释放平腹小蜂的同时,如何保护它们,… 相似文献
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为探究斑痣悬茧蜂在野外的寄主搜寻行为,首先利用飞行磨测定了最大理论飞行能力,然后在大豆田进行了两次放蜂试验,通过回收或采集斜纹夜蛾寄主幼虫统计寄生情况,分析了寄生蜂的有效搜寻及其影响因素.飞行磨吊飞测定结果表明,个体起飞次数为14.48次±0.82次,总飞行距离1283.00 m±45.60m,总飞行时间2374.79 s±89.91 s,平均飞行速度0.54 m·s-1±0.004 m·s-1,最长的单次飞行时间475.21 s±76.97 s.田间放蜂试验结果表明,在风速≤4.2 m·s-1的大豆田中,方位对寄生率没有显著影响;但寄生率随时间延长和离放蜂点的距离增加而显著降低.放蜂的次日寄生蜂可扩散到36 m处.最后,对斑痣悬茧蜂野外搜寻行为特征进行了讨论. 相似文献
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荔枝蝽成虫对其臭腺分泌物组分的触角电生理和行为反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
培养皿生物测定结果表明,荔枝蝽Tessaratoma papillosa(Drury)臭腺分泌物的乙醚提取物对成虫有显著的驱避作用.气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析结果表明,荔枝蝽雌雄成虫臭腺乙醚提取物中具有5种挥发性物质,即(E)-2-辛烯醛、十一烷、十二烷、十三烷及一个未知组分.荔枝蝽对(E)-2-辛烯醛、十一烷、十二烷与十三烷这4种组分的触角电生理(EAG)反应结果表明,这些化合物均能引起荔枝蝽成虫的EAG反应,其中(E)-2-辛烯醛引起雌雄成虫触角的反应最强,分别为0.50 mV与0.4 mV;"Y"型嗅觉仪生测结果表明,(E)-2-辛烯醛对荔枝蝽成虫能产生极显著的驱避作用(P <0.01).可见,荔枝蝽成虫臭腺分泌物对荔枝蝽具有显著的生物活性,可望通过进一步研究应用于荔枝蝽的防控体系. 相似文献
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六种荔枝果蛀虫的研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
荔枝害虫种类甚多,就笔者两年来的观察已知有50余种。在过去一般果农及若干研究荔枝害虫的学者,均认为荔枝蝽Tessaratoma papillosa(Drury)(蝽科Pen-tatomidae)为荔枝果实的唯—首要害虫,但若就其为害严重性而言,本文所述6种果 相似文献
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茶翅蝽Halyomorpha halys(Stl)是水果和蔬菜生产中的重要害虫。为了寻找优势卵寄生蜂用于其生物防治,本文进行了相关的野外调查和室内试验。通过定期野外采集茶翅蝽卵块,培育、收集和鉴定寄生蜂,发现在自然环境中茶翅蝽卵粒的寄生率为56.29%,其中茶翅蝽沟卵蜂比例最高,占77.66%;其次是黄足沟卵蜂占20.44%。Y型嗅觉仪测定结果显示,茶翅蝽沟卵蜂和黄足沟卵蜂对茶翅蝽卵均具有明显的选择趋性。室内寄生能力试验结果表明,茶翅蝽沟卵蜂与黄足沟卵蜂单独作用的寄生率分别为94.06%和84.21%,与两种寄生蜂混合寄生茶翅蝽卵的寄生率91.65%均无显著性差异。两种寄生蜂混合寄生时,茶翅蝽沟卵蜂与黄足沟卵蜂的寄生比例分别为58.95%和41.05%,二者之间无显著差异。 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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H.-R. GREGORIUS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1984,23(2-3):157-165
For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献