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报道了中国广东省阳西县沟谷雨林内1新变种——阳西静容卫矛(Euonymus chengii var.yangxiensis Y.S.Ye&L.F.Wu),并提供简要描述和照片。阳西静容卫矛隶属于卫矛科(Celastraceae)浅裂卫矛组(Euonymus),蒴果顶端浅裂,与原变种静容卫矛(E.chengii J.S.Ma)和中华卫矛(E.nitidus Benth.)相似,主要区别是该变种叶缘顶部2/3以上具锯齿,侧脉明显,花少且大,蒴果大,萼片伸展。 相似文献
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<正> 冬青卫矛斑蛾 Pryeria sinica Moore,又名大叶黄杨长毛斑蛾,属鳞翅目、斑蛾科。已知分布于江苏、浙江、安徽;日本、朝鲜等地。在南京地区,该虫是冬青卫矛 Euonymus japonicus L.及其变种银边冬青卫矛 E.japonicus var. 相似文献
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为探究卫矛科卫矛属植物星刺卫矛(Euonymus actinocarpus)的化学成分,该文采用正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和半制备液相HPLC等色谱技术对其进行分离和纯化。结果表明:(1)从星刺卫矛地上部分95%乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,根据其理化常数和波谱(ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR)数据鉴定化合物结构为羽扇豆醇(1),蒲公英萜醇(2),表木栓醇(3),槐二醇(4),蒲公英萜酮(5),高粱醇(6),羽扇豆醇乙酸酯(7),木栓酮(8),β-谷甾醇(9),胡萝卜苷(10)。(2)所有化合物均为首次从星刺卫矛中分离得到。(3)星刺卫矛地上部分主要含有三萜和甾体类成分,其中三萜类型以木栓烷型、齐墩果烷型和羽扇豆烷型骨架为主。该研究结果增加了对星刺卫矛物质基础的认识,为开发和利用卫矛属植物资源提供了一定的科学依据。 相似文献
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冬青卫矛的大环生物碱分离鉴定及其杀虫活性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
用柱层析和高效液相色谱等方法从卫矛科卫矛属植物冬青卫矛(Euonymus japonicusThunb.)的根皮乙酸乙酯提取物中分离到4个β-二氢沉香呋喃大环生物碱,它们的结构经核磁共振波谱分析和熔点测定鉴定为卫矛羰碱(evonine)(A),1-脱乙酰-1-苯甲酰卫矛羰碱(B),ebenifoline E-IV(C)和mayteine(D)。生物活性追踪试验表明,化合物A、B、C、D对粘虫(Mythimna separata)幼虫的毒力LC50分别为23.23、5.44、5.25和4.66 mg.mL-1。 相似文献
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甘肃3种卫矛科植物种子蛋白质的氨基酸含量研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对甘肃生长的栓翅卫矛(Euonymus phellomanus Loes.),小卫矛(Euonymus nanoides Loes.et Rehd.)和粉背南蛇藤(Celastrus hypoleucus Warb.)等3种卫矛科植物种子提油后的粕粉进行了氨基酸测定,结果表明这3种植物种子中氨基酸种类齐全,尤其对人体新陈代谢有重要作用的精氨酸含量较高,说明该类植物种子不但营养丰富,而且有一定的药用价值。 相似文献
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Home and Away: Comparisons of Resource Utilization by a Marine Species in Native and Invaded Habitats 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
The exotic Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, was recently introduced to the northeastern coast of North America and during the 1990's breeding populations were established throughout southern New England. In 1997–1998, ecological studies of several co-occurring brachyuran crabs were conducted and in native (Tanabe Bay, Japan) and invaded (Long Island Sound, USA) habitats of H. sanguineus. Standardized comparisons of H. sanguineus were made between the 2 habitats using data on crab sizes, utilization of space, and food habits. Results revealed that (1) the resource use of H. sanguineus was quite different from that of other resident species in its invaded habitat, and (2) there were no substantial changes in resource utilization by H. sanguineus after it became established in the invaded habitat (relative to native Tanabe Bay). Differing patterns of resource use by H. sanguineus and other crabs in the invaded habitat, the lack of restriction in resource use by H. sanguineus following its introduction, and the climatological and physical similarities between native and invaded regions likely contributed to the successful invasion of H. sanguineus into rocky intertidal habitats in southern New England. 相似文献
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Siroký P Petrzelková KJ Kamler M Mihalca AD Modrý D 《Experimental & applied acarology》2006,40(3-4):279-290
Collection of 1327 ticks sampled throughout Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia, from 211 tortoises belonging to three species,
Testudo marginata Schoepff, T. graeca Linnaeus, and T. hermanni Gmelin, revealed the presence of four species of ixodid ticks, namely Hyalomma aegyptium (Linnaeus), Haemaphysalis sulcata Canestrini and Fanzago, H. inermis Birula and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille). Study confirmed the strong dominance of all life stages of H. aegyptium among ticks parasitizing west Palaearctic tortoises of genus Testudo Linnaeus. Furthermore, a considerable portion of ticks collected from tortoises in southwestern Bulgaria represent larvae
and nymphs of H. sulcata. At the same area we collected as exception one larva and one nymph of H. inermis from a single specimen of T. hermanni. Our findings of four adults of R. sanguineus is the first record of this species from reptilian host. According to our results achieved on localities with syntopic occurrence
of two tortoise species, T. marginata and T. graeca represent in the Balkans the principal hosts of H. aegyptium, whereas T. hermanni serves only as an alternative host in the areas close to range of either T. marginata or T. graeca. 相似文献
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The Effect of Male Ticks on the Feeding Performance of Immature Stages of Rhipicephalus Sanguineus and Amblyomma Americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A unique group of immunoglobulin-binding proteins (IGBPs), produced by ixodid male ticks during the latter half of their prolonged feeding period, improves the feeding performance of co-feeding females. As a follow-up to this observation, we investigated whether male tick feeding also affects the feeding of other developmental stages. Immature stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreeille) and Amblyomma americanum (L.) were fed on rabbits in the presence or absence of conspecific males. The mean weight of larvae and nymphs of both species that fed around males and detached from the host on the first day of dropping was significantly higher than when the immature ticks fed on rabbits in the absence of males. However, larvae of both species and nymphs of R. sanguineus that fed slower and detached on the second day of dropping did not show significant differences in weight. A similar pattern was observed for A. americanum nymphs although, unlike R. sanguineus, the presence of males also influenced the feeding performance of the nymphs that fed slowly and detached on the second day of drop-off. The improved feeding performance demonstrated by immature ticks in the presence of males may be due to immunomodulatory saliva proteins, such as immunoglobulin-binding proteins (IGBPs) that are introduced into the co-feeding site. The results are considered in relation to the distribution of ixodid tick species on their natural hosts. 相似文献
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K. H. Rechinger 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1980,134(1-2):127-131
Five new species are described:Eremostachys codonocalyx from NE. Iran (related toE. subspicata),E. stenocalycina from NE. Afghanistan (related toE. alberti andE. hissarica),E. salangensis from NE. Afghanistan (close toE. bamianica),E. freitagii from E. Afghanistan (similar but not closely related toE. vulnerans), andE. andersii from E. Afghanistan (similar but not closely related toE. vulnerans), andE. andersii from NE. Afghanistan of isolated systematic position.
Florae Iranicae praecursores 5–9. 相似文献
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Marine invasive species: validation of citizen science and implications for national monitoring networks 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David G. Delaney Corinne D. Sperling Christiaan S. Adams Brian Leung 《Biological invasions》2008,10(1):117-128
Approximately 1,000 volunteers assessed the presence of invasive (Carcinus maenas and Hemigrapsus sanguineus) and native crabs within the intertidal zone of seven coastal states of the US, from New Jersey to Maine. Identification
of crab species and determination of the gender of the observed crabs was documented at all 52 sites across a 725-km coastal
transect. Using quantitative measures of accuracy of data collected by citizen scientists, a significant predictor of a volunteer’s
ability was determined and eligibility criteria were set. Students in grade three and seven had the ability to differentiate
between species of crabs with over 80% and 95% accuracy, respectively. Determination of gender of the crabs was more challenging
and accuracy exceeded 80% for seventh grade students, while 95% accuracy was found for students with at least 2 years of university
education. We used the data collected by citizen scientists to create a large-scale standardized database of the distribution
and abundance of the native and invasive crabs. Hemigrapsus sanguineus dominated the rocky intertidal zone from Sandy Hook, New Jersey to Boston Harbor, Massachusetts while C. maenas dominated the northern extent of the sampled coastline. A citizen scientist of this monitoring network detected a range expansion
of H. sanguineus. We identified obstacles to creating a national monitoring network and proposed recommendations that addressed these issues. 相似文献
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de Oliveira PR Bechara GH Denardi SE Pizano MA Mathias MI 《Experimental parasitology》2011,(2):418-422
Chemical acaricides, especially fipronil (active ingredient of Frontline®), are still the most effective method to control tick populations. In this study, the effectiveness of fipronil was assessed in semi-engorged females of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A protocol for an in vitro bioassay (AIT) was developed, and the LC50 (lethal concentration 50%) and 95% confidence interval were determined. Ticks were immersed in Petri dishes with different concentrations of fipronil or distilled water for 2 min, dried, and placed in an incubator for 7 days. Dead R. sanguineus females treated with the 14 concentrations of fipronil were counted daily. Mortality results were compared with the Probit analysis, and the LC50 and 95% confidence interval were calculated, g (95): LC50 = 9.647 (4.711 to 13.470). This study was aimed at developing a more appropriate and updated protocol for an in vitro bioassay (AIT – adult immersion test), and providing information on the toxic potential of fipronil (elimination of ectoparasites with lower concentrations) and sensitivity of ticks, especially R. sanguineus, a pest of great interest, due to its occurrence in urban environments. 相似文献
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The morphological similarity of Elymus trachycaulus to the Eurasian E. caninus has often been noted. This has lead to controversial and contradicting taxonomic treatments. Nevertheless, there has been
no systematic investigation on molecular genetic similarity between E. trachycaulus and E. caninus. In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to study the similarity between the two species.
RAPD analysis of 38 samples representing E. caninus and E. trachycaulus complex yielded 111 interpretable RAPD bands. The Jaccard’s similarity values for E. caninus ranged from 0.38 between accessions H10345 and H10353 to 0.97 between accessions H8745 and H10096, with an average of 0.67.
The Jaccard’s similarity values for E. trachycaulus complex ranged from 0.09 between E. trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus (PI 537321) and E. trachycaulus ssp. violaceus (PI 272612) to 0.78 between accessions PI 315368 and PI 372644, with an average of 0.43. The results from different analyses
(NJ and PCA) were similar but not identical. The molecular genetic separation between E. caninus and E. trachycaulus was consistent. The PCA analysis clearly separated all E. caninus accessions from E. trachycaulus and its subspecies. The NJ analysis also showed separation between most accessions of E. caninus and E. trachycaulus. Further analysis excluding E. trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus and ssp. violaceus revealed that E. caninus species and E. trachycaulus species were clearly separated into two distinct groups. The RAPD data thus support the treatment of E. caninus and E. trachycaulus as distinct species. The analyses further indicate that E. violaceus is nested within E. trachycaulus, and more related to E. trachycaulus complex rather than to E. caninus. 相似文献