Topografia delle cellule di Kupffer e Thorotrast

Zusammenfassung Verf. erläutert einen noch nicht geschilderten morphologischen Befund. Während der bei Kaninchen mit Thorotrast ausgeführten Speicherungsuntersuchungen des retikulär-endothelialen Systems hat er beobachten können, daß die Kupffer-Sternzellen bei seit langer Zeit behandelten Tieren aus ihrem normalen Sitz im hepatischen Acinus gegen seine zentrale Ader gewandert sind, indem sie um dieselbe einen Umkreis von mit Thorotrast belasteten Kupffer- Sternzellen bildeten und indem sie auch in das Leberaderblut eindrangen. Dagegen findet man bei seit kurzer Zeit behandelten Tieren die mit Thorotrast belasteten Zellen im Acinus, wie gewöhnlich, diffus verteilt. Verf. erörtert diese Befunde im Zusammenhang mit der Bedeutung und dem Wesen der KupfferSternzellen.     

Vegetazione e ambiente delle Marche e relativi problemi di salvaguardia

Abstract

Vegetation and environment in the Marche and related problems of protection. – The « Marche » region is situated in central Italy and corresponds with the natural region east of the Appennine ridge and spreading as far as the coast which is washed by the Adriatic Sea.

As to the climate, we may distinguish a coastal strip with Mesomediterranean climate with dry season, corresponding to the distribution area of Quercus ilex; a hilly strip with Submediterranean climate, corresponding to the distribution area of Quercus pubescens; a mountain strip with temperate axeric climate with sub-dry period, corresponding to the distribution area of Fagus silvatica and finally a high mountain strip with cold axeric climate, corresponding to altitude pastures. The Marche vegetation is shown in the vegetation map of Fabriano sheet (scale 1:50,000) plotted according Ozenda's vegetational series.

The following vegetation series have been plotted: submediterranean series of Quercus ilex; series of thermophilic oak wood with priority of Quercus pubescens or Quercus cerris; series of Ostrya carpinifolia; series of Quercus petraea and series of Fagus silvatica.

As far as the problems to safegard environment are concerned, a plan is given providing for the institution of 4 complete nature reserves, 34 nature reserves, and 9 regional nature parks among which those of Monte Conero, of Monti Sibillini and Monti della Laga.     

Variazioni delle popolazioni di microfunghi del suolo durante il post-incendio di Monte Argentario

Abstract

Post-fire sequences in microfungal soil populations in Mount Argentario (Toscana region). A research program was conducted to investigate the post-fire sequences of microfungal populations in Thyrrenian Coastal soils. This paper reports the results of the first year of that study. An initial reduction of fungi was followed by a gradual reconstruction process characterized by a constant increase of colonies and species. The periodic after fire analysis permitted an initial understanding of the possible selective role of the fire and its consequences on some microfungal species.     

Primi Dati Sull'andamento Stagionale delle Temperature del Troneo di Olivo

Abstract

Temperatures recorded in a olive-tree stem in 1961–1962. — In the Botanical Garden of Bari a temperature recorder has been placed, bearing 6 electrothermometers with platinum resistences having a sensitivity of 2,4 mm/C[ddot], with a recording approximation of 0,1 C[ddot].

The olive tree under examination is a grown-up tree, which has been pruned according to the local methode, and it belongs to a local breed named « Ogliarola leccese ».

— Five thermometers have been employed as follows: 1^rst in the air, hanging from the stem, m. 1,30, high; 2^nd into the outer bark, cm, 0,5 deep; 3^rd into the cambium, cm. 1,5 deep; 4^th into the sap-wood, cm. 6 deep; 5^th into the hearth-wood, cm. 22 deep.

— The thermometers were all placed on the east side of the stem.

— The figures and the graphs of the paper show that:

a) The whole stem of the specimen under examination has a mean temperature which is higher than that of the surrounding air.

b) The outer bark gets warmer than the air, during the day-time; during the night it gives up heat outside and inside, namely towards the stem tissues, particularly to the bark-cambium-sapwood zone, and also as far as the hearth wood zone.

c) The whole living zone of the stem (bark-cambium-sapwood) generally keeps temperature values intermediate between those of the outer bark and those of the air. The temperature values vary along the year.

d) In spring the cambium is warmer than the outer bark.

e) In winter cambium and sapwood generally have the same temperature. The temperature values recorded in this season are much lower than those of the outer bark and almost the same of those of the air.

f) The behaviour of temperature in cambium and sapwood is probably ruled by biological factors.

g) The hearth-wood keeps generally warmer than the air and cooler than other outer tissues. Its thermic rhytm is almost reversed in comparison with that of the outer tissues.

Il seems that hearth wood acts as an useful heat collector and distributor towards the living outer tissues during the diurnal and seasonal temperature remissions, at least in mild climates as that of Bari.     

Costanza numerica delle cellule di purkinje del cervelletto dell'uomo in individui di varia eta'

Zusammenfassung Es wurde an mikrotomischen Schnitten des Kleinhirns die Zahl der Purkinjeschen Zellen pro mm Länge bei 10 Menschen von verschiedenem Alter (von 6–88 Jahren) berechnet; für jeden Fall wurden etwa 16000–18000 Zellen berechnet. Im Gegensatz zu den Ergebnissen von Ellis habe ich keine Abnahme der Zellenzahl mit fortschreitendem Alter beobachtet; die Variationen der Zellenzahl waren unbedeutend und standen jedenfalls keineswegs in Beziehung zu dem Alter; bei 6jährigen Kindern waren die erhaltenen Werte etwas höher, d. h. waren die Zellen dichter; dies ist erklärlich, wenn man bedenkt, daß bei Kindern trotz der geringeren Größe des Kleinhirns die Zahl der Neuronen ebenso groß ist als beim Erwachsenen.     

Microfunghi del suolo di aree floristicamente omogenee di tre cenosi boschive delle Prealpi bellunesi

Abstract

Soil microfungi in homogeneous areas of three plant communities of North Italy.—The soil microfungi associated with three different community types in Prealpine region of North Italy were investigated. Frequency values for the taxonomic entities isolated were calculated, based on occurrence at sampling sites, in each community. Most of the entities were quantitatively rare. The microfungal communities associated with Acer pseudoplatanus and Fraxinus excelsior, with Ostrya carpinifolia and with Fagus sylvatica appeared to be a distinctive group, even if many of them contained a substantial number of species wich are common with other vegetation types.     

Il tipo delle Dicotiledoni e il tipo delle Monocotiledoni nella formazione del vero periplasmodio nella famiglia delle Lauraceae

Raissunto

Nella famiglia delle Lauraceae è stata fino ad oggi riconosciuta la formazione di un vero periplasmodio nei due generi Sassafras e Cinnamomum. Il periodo e le modalità di sviluppo fanno riferire il primo al tipo che si osserva nelle Monocotiledoni, il secondo a quello delle Dicotiledoni. Nei due tipi alcune particolarità morfologiche permettono induzioni sul significato fisiologico del periplasmodio.