镧定位法在生物研究中的应用

利用稀土镧具有的一些特殊性质,结合电子显微技术,通过其在细胞中的定位,可对生物系统中的一些过程进行更广泛的研究。１稀土定位的原理及技术稀土离子在碱性条件下可与溶质的某些盐类生成电子束不能穿透的致密沉淀物,利用此特性,采用特殊生物制片技术即可将离子沉积...     

点角定位法在脑出血微创穿刺引流中的应用

目的观察点角定位微创穿刺引流术清除脑出血血肿的效果。方法对36例脑出血患者采用CT定位行微创穿刺引流术及对症治疗,并于术后12~48h内复查头颅CT,观察不同发病时段术后血肿的清除情况。结果 36例患者中,发病6h内手术8例,术后复查头颅CT血肿扩大4例,占50%;发病7~24h手术23例,术后复查头颅CT血肿扩大3例,占13%;发病24h后手术5例,术后复查头颅CT均无血肿扩大。结论脑出血行点角微创定位清除血肿的方法操作简单、创伤小、定位准确,而且疗效满意。     

音乐在黑猩猩采血训练中的应用初探

为探究外源促性腺激素对伊拉兔(Oryctolagus cuniculu)生殖器官中表皮生长因子(EGF)表达水平及其作用特点的影响,本实验以伊拉兔为研究对象,随机选取30只(雄兔6只,雌兔24只),将雌兔随机分为超排处理组(n = 12),即肌肉注射70 U 孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和100 U人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)和对照组(不注射任何激素,n = 12)。并运用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹(Western-blot)及免疫组化方法,研究经超排处理的伊拉兔卵巢、输卵管和子宫中表皮生长因子的表达与定位情况。结果显示,在超排处理后的伊拉兔卵巢、输卵管和子宫中,表皮生长因子mRNA与蛋白的表达量极显著高于对照组的卵巢、输卵管和子宫(P < 0.01),其阳性信号分别定位于卵巢的初级卵母细胞、颗粒细胞、内膜细胞、间质细胞和血管内皮细胞,输卵管的纤毛细胞、基细胞、黏膜上皮和肌层中,以及子宫的上皮细胞和内膜细胞中。研究表明,超排使用的外源促性腺激素可促进卵巢、输卵管和子宫中表皮生长因子表达量升高,提示其可能参与伊拉兔的生殖过程并调节卵巢、输卵管和子宫的功能。     

对新生儿科护士进行指压定点股静脉采血法的培训体会

目的：提高新生儿股静脉穿刺采血的成功率。方法对我院新生儿科20名护士进行指压定点法行新生儿股静脉穿刺采血的理论及操作方法培训。结果95％护士熟练掌握指压定点法行新生儿股静脉穿刺采血的理论及操作方法。结论指压定点法实用性强,且操作快捷、简单安全、成功率高、并发症少,而且护士易于掌握,值得临床推广应用。     

自交法基因定位的新方法

基因定位就是确定基因在染色体上的排列顺序及相对距离。这对探索生物体内基因之间、基因与性状之间、性状与性状之间的关系非常重要,在遗传育种工作中更具有重大的指导意义。它可增强育种工作的予见性,从而提高育种工作的效率。传统的对位于同一染色体上各连锁基因进行定位的方法是:通过两点测验或三点测验,     

应用MRI预扫描定位提高大鼠脑立体定位术的准确性

目的评价MRI预扫描方法在鼠脑穿刺定位准确性上的作用与价值。材料与方法选取健康雄性SD大鼠18只,随机分为2组,分别为MRI预扫描定位组（9只）,在MR图像指导下进行穿刺注射;以及经典穿刺组（9只）,不采用MR影像学检测定位,严格按照脑立体定位图谱进行穿刺注射。穿刺以通过苍白球中心的鼠脑切面中尾状核区为靶目标,穿刺后采用MRI影像学方法确定穿刺点位置,比较MRI预扫描定位穿刺与经典立体定位穿刺的准确度。结果 MRI预扫描定位组穿刺准确率为88.89%,经典穿刺组穿刺准确率为66.67%;两种方法的穿刺定位差异有显著性（P〈0.05）,MRI预扫描组的穿刺定位准确度明显高于经典穿刺组。结论 MRI预扫描可显著提高鼠脑立体定位穿刺的准确度,是进行立体定位精细穿刺的必要操作。     

早产儿鼻饲胃管改进固定法的效果观察

目的探讨改进早产儿鼻饲胃管固定方法的效果。方法将86例留置胃管的患儿随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组按常规的交叉固定法,观察组行鼻翼型固定法,观察两组留管时间。结果观察组的导管滑脱、移位、留置时间与对照组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论改进后的胃管固定法可降低胃管脱管率,提高患儿舒适度,减轻护理工作量,同时也降低了新生儿的感染率。     

可吸收材料在骨折内固定中的应用研究

骨折内固定常用的是金属材料,骨折愈合后再拆除,但金属材料有一定的副作用,其中最主要的是腐蚀和应力释放作用可引起皮质骨疏松和再骨折。可吸收材料的崛起是骨折内固定的一大进展。 可吸收材料的研究进展 采用可吸收材料修复骨组织的历史应追溯到60年代末期,在整个70年代这方面的研究报道还不多。其中应用最早的是颌面外科,     

纤维素衍生物在固定酶和药物中的应用

本文综述了纤维素衍生物在固定酶和药物中的应用。     

改良混合固定液在HE制片中的应用

在病理技术工作中,组织固定是最基础,也是最关键的步骤。因固定不当造成切片困难、着色不良而延误诊断,严重影响临床治疗。我科通过长期实践对固定液进行改良,收到满意效果。材料和方法1.组织来源日常送检淋巴结、诊刮的子宫内膜、子宫肌瘤组织各60例,每一实验组20例。2.固定液     

Instaneous changes in the radial artery blood flow under different physiological conditions

Using a Doppler pulse flowmeter we measured the blood flow in the radial artery at rest and during physical exercise and various other stimuli (arithmetical calculations, electrical stimulation, deep inspiration). The mean resting flow in the radial artery was 0.66 ml/s. Every stimulus was instantaneously followed by a drop in the blood flow to a minimum value; there was no significant differences between these values. The results demonstrate that the new, non-invasive apparatus can be used to study quick changes in the blood flow not detected by routine non-invasive methods.     

股动脉与桡动脉采血血气分析的效果比较

目的探讨不同部位动脉血气分析的效果,寻找最佳的动脉采血部位。方法对我院2014年8月~2015年8月入住急诊病房需采集动脉血气分析标本的患者79例随机分为观察组41例和对照组38例,观察组经股动脉采集血气标本,对照组经桡动脉采集血气标本,比较两组患者的疼痛程度、一次穿刺成功率、皮下血肿情况以及患者接受程度。结果两组患者的疼痛程度、一次穿刺成功率、皮下血肿情况及患者接受程度比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论股动脉采集血气分析标本较桡动脉穿刺成功率高,疼痛轻,皮下出现血肿情况少,而且患者易于接受。     

Intrapericardial denervation: radial artery blood flow and heart rate responses to LBNP

Eight rhesus monkeys were used to study responses of radial artery blood flow velocity (RABFV) and heart rate (HR) to low (0 to -20 mmHg) and high (0 to -60 mmHg) ramp exposures during supine lower body negative pressure (LBNP). These levels were chosen to separate peripheral vascular responses associated with stimulation of low- and high-pressure baroreceptors. Four monkeys had efferent and afferent cardiac denervation by use of the Randall procedure with pharmacological (phenylephrine and atropine) verification. Animals were studied 3 wk after surgery to avoid reinnervation. Findings were compared with those of four identically treated intact animals. Denervated animals showed no change in RABFV or HR during low-level LBNP; however, HR increased significantly (P less than 0.05) when LBNP reached -50 mmHg and blood flow velocity also fell (P less than 0.05) starting at -30 mmHg pressure. In contrast, intact animals showed steady decreases in RABFV during both high- and low-pressure protocols, with HR showing a 6-beat/min increase (P less than 0.05) starting at -20 mmHg pressure. As with denervated animals, intact animals showed a more pronounced increase in HR after reaching a level of -60 mmHg suction. Cardiac output (electromagnetic flowmeter, ascending aorta) fell significantly in both groups starting at -30 mmHg pressure. Left ventricular pressure (Konigsberg pressure cell) in three intact animals showed a progressive fall in systolic pressure starting at -10 mmHg suction, which became significant at -55 mmHg pressure. These results demonstrate that cardiac denervation by use of the Randall technique significantly affects RABFV and HR responses to LBNP in rhesus monkeys. The lack of RABFV change during LBNP in denervated animals suggests that these changes coupled with HR response can be used as an effective method to verify the completeness of denervation of low-pressure baroreceptors in animals that have undergone intrapericardial denervation.     

Manipulabilities of the index finger and thumb in three tip-pinch postures

Tip-pinch, in which the tips of the index finger and thumb pick up and hold a very fine object, plays an important role in the function of the hand. The objective of this study was to investigate how human subjects affect manipulabilities of the tips of the index finger and thumb within the flexion/extension plane of the finger in three different tip-pinch postures. The index finger and thumb of twenty male subjects, were modeled as linkages, based on measurement results obtained using two three-dimensional position measurement devices. The manipulabilities of the index finger and thumb were investigated in three tip-pinch postures, using three criteria indicating the form and posture of the manipulability ellipse of the linkage model. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05, ANOVA) in each criterion of each digit across the subjects, except for two criteria of the thumb. The manipulabilities of the index finger and thumb were separately similar across all subjects in tip-pinch postures. It was found that the manipulability for the cooperation of the index finger and thumb of all the subjects in tip-pinch depended on the posture of the index finger, but not on the posture of the thumb. In two-dimensional tip-pinch, it was possible that the index finger worked actively while the thumb worked passively to support the manipulation of the index finger.